Functionally-related morphometric maps of femoral cortical bone topographic variation : homo vs. Pan

Poster 81ème annual meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists publié dans Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'Anthropologie de Paris Supplément 54: 241Within the limits imposed by a variety of developmental and rheological constraints, bone tissues respond and adapt to the external and internal loads by partial alteration of their shape, mass, microstructure. As bone distribution/organization locally reflects the nature, direction, frequency, and magnitude of such loads, measures of topographic variation of the cortical shell can be used as a proxy for assessing the taxon-specific dynamic relationships individual-biomechanical environment. Based on the assumption that variation of local morphometric properties along the femoral diaphysis relates to functional levels and patterns of habitual physical activity, primarily to locomotion, we characterized the human and chimpanzee conditions through virtual rendering of their respective endostructural signatures. By using the CT-based record from 20 modern human and 12 chimpanzee adult femurs, we imaged the site-specific changes in cortical bone through standardized morphometric maps generated by virtually unzipping and vertically unrolling each shaft along the middle of its anterior aspect within the portion 20-80% of the biomechanical length. The analyses were coupled with the comparative assessment of cross-sectional geometric properties. Compared to Pan, the human femoral diaphysis is more robust (CA and PCA) and presents a higher Ix/Iy ratio in the midshaft region. In both taxa, thickness distribution is not uniform, but widely and unequally changes vertically along the diaphysis and horizontally according to different projections. In chimpanzee, a strong medial and lateral reinforcement is found in the proximal part of the shaft, while in humans it occurs posteriorly. The proximal shaft portion (60-80%) is the most discriminant one

Cortical bone topography and cross-sectional geometric properties of Paglicci 12 e Paglicci 25 Gravettian human femora

Ovaj rad obrađuje Račun dobiti i gubitka trgovačkog društva Gavranović d.o.o. s ciljem analiziranja uspješnosti navedenog trgovačkoga društva. Postavlja se pitanje zašto je uopće potrebno izvršiti analize financijskih izvještaja i analizu navedenog trgovačkog društva. Ako se želi donijeti ocjena poslovanja trgovačkog društva potrebno je provesti financijsku analizu kako bi se na temelju podataka iz prošlosti donijeli planovi za budućnost koji za krajnji cilj imaju poboljšanje poslovanja trgovačkog društva. Poslovanje trgovačkog društva iskazuje se kroz temeljne financijske izvještaje kao što su Bilanca, Račun dobiti i gubitka, te Bilješke uz financijska izvješća. Predviđanje budućeg financijskog kretanja trgovačkog društva temelji se na analizi financijskih izvještaja. Završni rad teorijski obrađuje financijske izvještaje te prikazuje financijsku analizu poslovanja trgovačkog društva pomoću analize trenda ( horizontalne i vertikalne metode), te pomoću analize pokazatelja zaduženosti, profitabilnosti i ekonomičnosti. Analiza je provedena kroz tri poslovne godine. Analiza je pokazala kretanje financijskih pokazatelja trgovačkog društva te u kojoj mjeri dobiveni rezultati zadovoljavaju vlasnike trgovačkog društva.Through this work was handled Profit and loss account of the company Gavranović Ltd. analyzing the performance of a company and balances. The question is why was necessary to analyze the financial statements and analysis of the company itself. If he wants to bring the rating of the business of the company, it is necessary to conduct a financial analysis to be based on data from the past-brought plans for the future, who have the ultimate goal of improving the operations of the company. Operations of company is expressed through basic financial statements such as, such as Balance Sheet, Income Statement and Notes to the financial statements. Prediction of future financial developments for the company based on the analysis of the financial statements. The final work of theoretical processes of financial reports and displays a financial analysis of the operations of a company using the trend analysis (horizontal and vertical methods), and by means of the analysis of the indicators of solvency, profitability and cost-efficiency. Analysis showed the movement of financial indicators of the company, and to what extent the obtained results meet the owners of the company

From Financial Depression to Financial Deregulation? The Construction of Futures Trading Industry in Taiwan

International audienc

Three-dimensional imaging and quantitative characterization of human fossil remains. Examples from the NESPOS database

International audienc

Homo floresiensis-like fossils from the early Middle Pleistocene of Flores

The evolutionary origin of Homo floresiensis, a diminutive hominin species previously known only by skeletal remains from Liang Bua in western Flores, Indonesia, has been intensively debated. It is a matter of controversy whether this primitive form, dated to the Late Pleistocene, evolved from early Asian Homo erectus and represents a unique and striking case of evolutionary reversal in hominin body and brain size within an insular environment1, 2, 3, 4. The alternative hypothesis is that H. floresiensis derived from an older, smaller-brained member of our genus, such as Homo habilis, or perhaps even late Australopithecus, signalling a hitherto undocumented dispersal of hominins from Africa into eastern Asia by two million years ago (2 Ma)5, 6. Here we describe hominin fossils excavated in 2014 from an early Middle Pleistocene site (Mata Menge) in the So\u27a Basin of central Flores. These specimens comprise a mandible fragment and six isolated teeth belonging to at least three small-jawed and small-toothed individuals. Dating to ~0.7 Ma, these fossils now constitute the oldest hominin remains from Flores7. The Mata Menge mandible and teeth are similar in dimensions and morphological characteristics to those of H. floresiensis from Liang Bua. The exception is the mandibular first molar, which retains a more primitive condition. Notably, the Mata Menge mandible and molar are even smaller in size than those of the two existing H. floresiensis individuals from Liang Bua. The Mata Menge fossils are derived compared with Australopithecus and H. habilis, and so tend to support the view that H. floresiensis is a dwarfed descendent of early Asian H. erectus. Our findings suggest that hominins on Flores had acquired extremely small body size and other morphological traits specific to H. floresiensis at an unexpectedly early time