The Dexi-SH* model for a multivariate assessment of agro-ecological sustainability of dairy grazing systems

Dexi-SH* is an ex ante multivariate model for assessing the sustainability of dairy cows grazing systems. This model is composed of three sub-models that evaluate the impact of the systems on: (i) biotic resources; (ii) abiotic resources, and (iii) pollution risks. The structuring of the hierarchical tree was inspired by that of the Masc model. The choice of criteria and their aggregation modalities were discussed within a multi-disciplinary group of scientists. For each cluster, a utility function was established in order to determine weighting and priority functions between criteria. The model can take local and regional conditions and standards into account by adjusting criterion categories to the agroecological context, and the specific views of the decision makers by changing the weighting of criteria

Using Malaise traps to assess aculeate Hymenoptera associated with farmland linear habitats across a range of farming intensities

The intensification of farming practices, along with the loss and fragmentation of semi-natural habitats within agricultural areas, has contributed significantly to insect decline worldwide including flower-visiting aculeate Hymenoptera. In this study aculeate Hymenoptera were collected using bi-directional Malaise traps placed along farmland linear habitats across a range of farming intensities. The aim was to further our understanding of the value of farmland linear habitats to this insect group and in particular the Vespinae, an understudied subfamily. Overall, significantly greater aculeate Hymenoptera species richness was found on extensive than on intermediate and intensive farms. Significantly more species and specimens were collected on the side of the traps adjacent to the linear habitats compared to the side which opened onto the fields. Aculeate Hymenoptera species richness was also significantly greater in dense hedgerows than in open hedgerows. Furthermore, two out of six Vespinae species, Vespula rufa and Vespula vulgaris, had significantly more individuals on extensive than intensive farms. This study highlights that low-intensity farming practices and farmland linear habitats, especially dense hedgerows, may enhance aculeate Hymenoptera occurrence in agricultural areas. It also demonstrates that Malaise traps set up along linear habitats across a range of farming intensities can make a significant contribution to knowledge regarding the biodiversity value of such areas. Given that selected Vespinae species follow similar trends to aculeate Hymenoptera, the possibility of using them as simple biodiversity indicators is worthy of further exploration.© 2019 The Royal Entomological Societ

Influence of maize root mucilage on soil aggregate stability

International audienc

Immunisation contre la peste porcine

Donatien André-Louis, Plantureux Edm., Rampon L., Gayot Georges. Immunisation contre la peste porcine. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 99 n°3, 1946. pp. 75-85

PO-34 - Optimal doses of tinzaparin to reduce both cancer-associated thrombosis and tumor growth in a mouse model of ectopic pancreatic syngeneic tumor

International audienc

Analyse de la mise en œuvre des mesures agri-environnementales à obligation de résultat sur les surfaces herbagères

Les mesures agri-environnementales (MAE) visant la gestion pastorale (Herbe_09) et le maintien de prairies à forte richesse spécifique (Herbe_07) sont analysées : genèse de ces mesures en Europe et en France, conditions de leur mise en oeuvre dans plusieurs territoires et pertinence agri-écologique. Ce type de MAE est susceptible de redonner aux éleveurs une responsabilité valorisante ; leur mise en oeuvre peut entraîner une dynamique territoriale positive dans le débat parfois contradictoire entre agriculture et conservation de la biodiversité ; enfin, elles permettent de concilier production et biodiversité, mais sont peu propices à d'autres fonctions écologiques (pollinisation, séquestration du carbone...). Au final, leur bilan social, écologique et agricole, positif, incite à les généraliser mais en faisant progresser réglementation, concertation entre acteurs agricoles et environnementaux, et connaissances techniques et scientifiques