Polycystic ovary syndrome in women using valproate: a review.

Valproate (VPA) is a highly effective drug successfully employed in several neuropsychiatric diseases. In the last 15 years, an increased prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) associated with VPA use has been reported in both women with epilepsy and women with bipolar disorders. However, data on this subject are contrasting and it is possible that different factors might play a role in the development of PCOS in these patients. The risk of developing PCOS during VPA treatment seems to be higher in women with epilepsy than in women with bipolar disorders, and this might be due to an underlying neuroendocrine dysfunction related to the seizure disorder. Gynecologists must be aware of the possibility that PCOS in these populations of patients might be related to VPA use, and a careful multi-specialist approach is required for evaluating the risks and benefits of this treatment in the presence of features of PCOS

Antepartum Perineal Massages is Effective to Prevent Intrapartum Perineal Rupture: Pijat Perineum Antepartum Efektif Mencegah Ruptur Perineum Intrapartum

Objective: To provide a summary of evidence about the benefi ts and effectiveness of perineal massage in preventing perineal rupture during labour.Methods: Evidence-based review of research articles with an evidence-based level 1a.Results: Intervention of perineal massage not only reduced the incidence of perineal rupture but also reduced the incidence of episiotomy requiring stitches, as well as reducing perineal pain after 3 months of postpartum.Conclusions: Perineal massage intervention is an intervention that is easy to do, effective, inexpensive, and has the potential to benefi t more than the potential harm in preventing perineal rupture.Keywords: intrapartum, perineal massage, perineal rupture.AbstrakTujuan: memberikan ringkasan bukti penelitian tentang manfaat dan efektifi tas dari pijat perineum dalam mencegah ruptur perineum selama persalinan.Metode: evidence-based review dengan level evidence based 1a.Hasil: Intervensi pijat perineum tidak hanya menurunkan insiden ruptur perineum tetapi juga menurunkan insiden episiotomi yang membutuhkanj jahitan, serta mengurangi nyeri perineum setelah 3 bulan postpartum.Kesimpulan: Intervensi pijat perineum merupakan intervensi yang mudah untuk dilakukan, efektif, murah, serta mempunyai potensi menguntungkan lebih banyak daripada potensi merugikan dalam mencegah ruptur perineum.Kata kunci: intrapartum, pijat perineum, ruptur perineum

Orchestrating Forest Policy in Italy: Mission Impossible?

In the Italian political and economic agenda the forest sector occupies a marginal role. The forest sector in Italy is characterized by a high institutional fragmentation and centralized decision-making processes dominated by Public Forest Administrations. Public participation in forest policy processes has been implemented since the 1990s at national, regional and local levels in several cases. However, today no significant changes have been observed in the overall governance of the forest sector and stakeholders' involvement in Italian forest policy decision-making is still rather limited. The aims of this paper are to describe the state of forest-related participatory processes in Italy at various levels (national, regional and local) and identify which factors and actors hinder or support the establishment and implementation of participatory forest-related processes in the country. The forest-related participatory processes are analyzed adopting a qualitative-based approach and interpreting interactive, complex and non-linear participatory processes through the lens of panarchy theory

Energy-Aware Base Stations: The Effect of Planning, Management, and Femto Layers

We compare the performance of three base station management schemes on three different network topologies. In addition, we explore the effect of offloading traffic to heterogeneous femtocell layer upon energy savings taking into account the increase of base station switch-off time intervals. Fairness between mobile operator and femtocell owners is maintained since current femtocell technologies present flat power consumption curves with respect to served traffic. We model two different user-to-femtocell association rules in order to capture realistic and maximum gains from the heterogeneous network. To provide accurate findings and a holistic overview of the techniques, we explore a real urban district where channel estimations and power control are modeled using deterministic algorithms. Finally, we explore energy efficiency metrics that capture savings in the mobile network operator, the required watts per user and watts per bitrate. It is found that the newly established pseudo distributed management scheme is the most preferable solution for practical implementations and together with the femotcell layer the network can handle dynamic load control that is regarded as the basic element of future demand response programs

Advances in grape phenotyping: pigment characterization by reflectance and theoretical chemistry

Research Not

A Novel Energy Model for Renewable Energy-Enabled Cellular Networks Providing Ancillary Services to the Smart Grid

In this paper, we consider cellular networks powered by the smart grid (SG) and by local renewable energy (RE) sources. While this configuration promises energy savings, usage of cleaner energy, and cost reduction, it has some intrinsic complexity due to the interaction between the network operators and the SG. Motivated by the significant advancement in the SG, we consider the case where cellular networks provide the SG with ancillary services by replying to the grid's explicit requests to increase or decrease their grid consumption. We propose a new approach for configuring and operating base stations (BSs) to provide ancillary services. Based on real data, we model the energy state of a BS as a Markov chain taking into account the proposed energy management policy, randomness of SG requests, and RE generation. We use the model to evaluate the performance of the system, and to decide proper settings of its parameters in order to minimize the energy operational cost. The performance of our proposal is then compared against those of other approaches. Results show that important cost savings, with negligible degradation in quality of service, are possible when RE generation, SG patterns, and storage sizes are properly taken into account

Transformação dos principais usos da floresta no município de Moju, nordeste paraense.

As reflexões aqui apresentadas foram resultantes de uma pesquisa realizada na comunidade Santa Maria, uma das comunidades componentes do Assentamento Olho D?Água II, município de Moju, estado do Pará. O objetivo do artigo é analisar as transformações vivenciadas por um grupo de agricultores quanto ao uso da floresta, mais especificamente as associadas à obtenção de caças e à realização das roças, após a mudança da condição de uso comum (posseiros) para o uso privado (assentados) a partir da implantação do assentamento em 2002. Os resultados apontam que ocorreram transformações nas dinâmicas de uso dos recursos com a intensificação do cultivo de roças e a diminuição da obtenção de caças devido à grande dificuldade em obtê-las, em decorrência das novas condições de acesso privado à terra e ao aumento demográfico cuja demanda por caça supera em muito a oferta dos animais