“Mecque de la pédagogie”: Two Ottoman Study Guides and Their Plea for Swiss Pedagogics

At the beginning of the twentieth century, Ṭūnalı Ḥilmī, an Ottoman intellectual and Young Turk who studied and lived in Geneva, and Türk Yūrdu, an Ottoman-Turkish student organisation in Geneva, each published a study guide to persuade Turkish-Muslim Ottomans to study in Europe or more precisely, in Switzerland. These works are not merely travel guides for those studying and living in Europe. They are also political writings. Their argumentation allows for an insight into the multifaceted and contradictory Ottoman perception of Europe. In these guides Ḥilmī and Türk Yūrdu call for the study of Swiss pedagogics. The guides are a good example of the difficult task of justifying the transfer of things European

KAJIAN SISTEM PENGELOLAAN AIR LIMBAH PADA PERMUKIMAN DI KAWASAN SEKITAR DANAU TONDANO ( STUDI KASUS : KECAMATAN REMBOKEN KABUPATEN MINAHASA)

Permukiman akan selalu berkembang seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan lahan akibat meningkatnya jumlah penduduk. Pada akhirnya kawasan yang seharusnya dilindungi dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat bermukim. Pemanfaatan lahan sebagai permukiman  di kawasan sekitar Danau Tondano bisa saja dilakukan namun harus memperhatikan aspek penataan lingkungan permukiman. Ada begitu banyak aspek dalam permukiman,diantaranya yang sering terabaikan adalah masalah pengelolaan air limbah. Pengelolaan air limbah perlu diperhatikan dalam menata suatu permukiman,apalagi permukiman yang menjadi objek penelitian ini adalah permukiman yang berkembang di kawasan sekitar danau Tondano ,karena memungkinkan timbulnya pencemaran di danau Tondano. Kecamatan Remboken merupakan salah satu Kecamatan di Kabupaten Minahasa yang permukimannya banyak berkembang di kawasan sekitar Danau Tondano. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif,dimana data dianalisis secara kuantitatif untuk mengetahui kondisi pembuangan air limbah serta menghitung kebutuhan sarana pengelolaan air limbah di Kecamatan Remboken lewat perencanaan Instalasi Pengelolaan Air Limbah. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa sebagian besar sarana dan prasarana pembuangan air limbah baik grey water maupun black water diantaranya ketersediaan WC, serta septik tank kurang memadai. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar limbah dari permukiman Kecamatan Remboken  masuk ke badan air Danau Tondano. Oleh karena itu berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut maka direkomendasikan perencanaan Instalasi Pembuangan Air Limbah (IPAL),dimana air limbah yang dihasilkan akan diolah untuk meminimalisir bahan- bahan pencemar untuk selanjutnya air limbah yang telah diolah dapat dimanfaatkan kembali atau dikembalikan ke badan air Danau Tondan

Measurement of precipitation induced FUV emission and Geocoronal Lyman Alpha from the IMI mission

This final report describes the activities of the Lockheed Martin Palo Alto Research Laboratory in studying the measurement of ion and electron precipitation induced Far Ultra-Violet (FUV) emissions and Geocoronal Lyman Alpha for the NASA Inner Magnetospheric Imager (IMI) mission. this study examined promising techniques that may allow combining several FUV instruments that would separately measure proton aurora, electron aurora, and geocoronal Lyman alpha into a single instrument operated on a spinning spacecraft. The study consisted of two parts. First, the geocoronal Lyman alpha, proton aurora, and electron aurora emissions were modeled to determine instrument requirements. Second, several promising techniques were investigated to determine if they were suitable for use in an IMI-type mission. Among the techniques investigated were the Hydrogen gas cell for eliminating cold geocoronal Lyman alpha emissions, and a coded aperture spectrometer with sufficient resolution to separate Doppler shifted Lyman alpha components

Service Robots Rising:How Humanoid Robots Influence Service Experiences and Elicit Compensatory Consumer Responses

Interactions between consumers and humanoid service robots (HSRs; i.e., robots with a human-like morphology such as a face, arms, and legs) will soon be part of routine marketplace experiences. It is unclear, however, whether these humanoid robots (compared with human employees) will trigger positive or negative consequences for consumers and companies. Seven experimental studies reveal that consumers display compensatory responses when they interact with an HSR rather than a human employee (e.g., they favor purchasing status goods, seek social affiliation, and order and eat more food). The authors investigate the underlying process driving these effects, and they find that HSRs elicit greater consumer discomfort (i.e., eeriness and a threat to human identity), which in turn results in the enhancement of compensatory consumption. Moreover, this research identifies boundary conditions of the effects such that the compensatory responses that HSRs elicit are (1) mitigated when consumer-perceived social belongingness is high, (2) attenuated when food is perceived as more healthful, and (3) buffered when the robot is machinized (rather than anthropomorphized)

Interpretation of High Energy String Scattering in terms of String Configurations

High energy string scattering at fixed momentum transfer, known to be dominated by Regge trajectory exchange, is interpreted by identifying families of string states which induce each type of trajectory exchange. These include the usual leading trajectory $\alpha(t)=\alpha^\prime t+1$ and its daughters as well as the ``sister'' trajectories $\alpha_m(t)=\alpha(t)/m-(m-1)/2$ and their daughters. The contribution of the sister $\alpha_m$ to high energy scattering is dominated by string excitations in the $m^{th}$ mode. Thus, at large $-t$, string scattering is dominated by wee partons, consistently with a picture of string as an infinitely composite system of ``constituents'' which carry zero energy and momentum.Comment: 14 pages, phyzzx, psfig required, Florida Preprint UFIFT-94-

Chemical Strain Engineering of MAPbI(3) Perovskite Films

This study introduces a new chemical method for controlling the strain in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite crystals by varying the ratio of Pb(Ac)2 and PbCl2 in the precursor solution. To observe the effect on crystal strain, a combination of piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used. The PFM images show an increase in the average size of ferroelastic twin domains upon increasing the PbCl2 content, indicating an increase in crystal strain. The XRD spectra support this observation with strong crystal twinning features that appear in the spectra. This behavior is caused by a strain gradient during the crystallization due to different evaporation rates of methylammonium acetate and methylammonium chloride as revealed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy and grazing incidince X-ray diffraction measurements. Additional time-resolved photoluminescence shows an increased carrier lifetime in the MAPbI3 films prepared with higher PbCl2 content, suggesting a decreased trap density in films with larger twin domain structures. The results demonstrate the potential of chemical strain engineering as a simple method for controlling strain-related effects in lead halide perovskites.publishe

Reply to comment by Harald U. Frey on “Substorm triggering by new plasma intrusion: THEMIS all‐sky imager observations”

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95389/1/jgra21079-sup-0002-ds01.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95389/2/jgra21079-sup-0007-fs01.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95389/3/jgra21079-sup-0003-ds02.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95389/4/jgra21079.pd

Exploring automatic text-to-sign translation in a healthcare setting

Communication between healthcare professionals and deaf patients has been particularly challenging during the COVID-19 pandemic. We have explored the possibility to automatically translate phrases that are frequently used in the diagnosis and treatment of hospital patients, in particular phrases related to COVID-19, from Dutch or English to Dutch Sign Language (NGT). The prototype system we developed displays translations either by means of pre-recorded videos featuring a deaf human signer (for a limited number of sentences) or by means of animations featuring a computer-generated signing avatar (for a larger, though still restricted number of sentences). We evaluated the comprehensibility of the signing avatar, as compared to the human signer. We found that, while individual signs are recognized correctly when signed by the avatar almost as frequently as when signed by a human, sentence comprehension rates and clarity scores for the avatar are substantially lower than for the human signer. We identify a number of concrete limitations of the JASigning avatar engine that underlies our system. Namely, the engine currently does not offer sufficient control over mouth shapes, the relative speed and intensity of signs in a sentence (prosody), and transitions between signs. These limitations need to be overcome in future work for the engine to become usable in practice.</p