Probing the Role of the Barrier Layer in Magnetic Tunnel Junction Transport

Magnetic tunnel junctions with a ferrimagnetic barrier layer have been studied to understand the role of the barrier layer in the tunneling process - a factor that has been largely overlooked until recently. Epitaxial oxide junctions of highly spin polarized La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 and Fe3O4 electrodes with magnetic NiMn2O4 (NMO) insulating barrier layers provide a magnetic tunnel junction system in which we can probe the effect of the barrier by comparing junction behavior above and below the Curie temperature of the barrier layer. When the barrier is paramagnetic, the spin polarized transport is dominated by interface scattering and surface spin waves; however, when the barrier is ferrimagnetic, spin flip scattering due to spin waves within the NMO barrier dominates the transport.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

On generalizations of the series of Taylor, Lagrange, Laurent and Teixeira

The classical theorems of Taylor, Lagrange, Laurent and Teixeira, are extended from the representation of a complex function F(z), to its derivative F(ν)(z) of complex order ν, understood as either a Liouville (1832) or a Rieman (1847) differintegration (Campos 1984, 1985); these results are distinct from, and alternative to, other extensions of Taylor's series using differintegrations (Osler 1972, Lavoie & Osler & Tremblay 1976). We consider a complex function F(z), which is analytic (has an isolated singularity) at ζ, and expand its derivative of complex order F(ν)(z), in an ascending (ascending-descending) series of powers of an auxiliary function f(z), yielding the generalized Teixeira (Lagrange) series, which includes, for f(z)=z−ζ, the generalized Taylor (Laurent) series. The generalized series involve non-integral powers and/or coefficients evaluated by fractional derivatives or integrals, except in the case ν=0, when the classical theorems of Taylor (1715), Lagrange (1770), Laurent (1843) and Teixeira (1900) are regained. As an application, these generalized series can be used to generate special functions with complex parameters (Campos 1986), e.g., the Hermite and Bessel types

Dynamic of a tropical forest submitted to reduced impact logging in Belterra, Pará, Brazil.

The Amazon has a great biodiversity that needs research to ensure its development without the extinction of its natural resources. This study aims to increase understanding of changes in dynamics (recruitment, growth and mortality) of a natural forest under low impact forest logging over a period of six years

Utilização da bandarra (Schizolobiuim amazonicum) em sistemas agroflorestais

Renovação de lavouras cafeeiras e cacaueiras. Plantio novos: bandarra e café ou bandarra e cacau. Bandarra e cupuaçu e pimenta-do-reino e banana. SAF´s a partir de regeneração natural de bandarra. Uso de outras leguminosas em sistemas agroflorestais com bandarra. Bandarra e culturas anuais. Manutenção de sistemas agroflorestais.bitstream/item/67601/1/CPAF-RO-DOCUMENTOS-42-UTILIZACAO-DE-BANDARRA-SCHIZOLOBIUM-AMAZONICUM-EM-SISTEMAS-AGROFLORESTAIS-F.pd

Tolerância de ovinos ao hidróxido de sódio e/ou sódio residual contido em cama de frangos de corte.

Resumo: Foram utilizados 18 ovinos da raca Corriedale, num delineamento em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com um arranjo fatorial 2 x 3, dois tipos de cama de frangos de corte, cama de casca de arroz (CCA) e cama de palha de arroz (CPA) e tres niveis de NaOH (zero, 6% e 12%). O consumo de sodio, consumo de agua, producao urinaria e a relacao de Na: Kurinaria foram significativamente (P0,05). O pH da urina mostrou tendencia a se elevar somente a medida que foram aumentados os niveis de alcali na dieta dos animais. O pH ruminal parece nao ter sido afetado pelo consumo das dietas tratadas com NaOH. O balanco de sodio foi negativo e inversamente relacionado com o consumo deste mineral, nao havendo dados suficientes que permitam a explicacao deste fato. [Sheep tolerance to sociu hydroxide and/or residual contents in the broiler litter]. Sheep tolerance to sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treated diets was studied. Eighteen Corriedale sheep were used in a completely randomized block design, witha 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. The design included two types of brolier litter lone composed of rice huiis and the other one of rice straw) and three leveis of NaOH (zero, 6% and 12%). Water and Na intakes, urine excretion and Na: K urinary ratio, increased (P 0.05) when yield increased. The urine pH showed only a tendency of increasing when the alkaii treatment in the animal diet increased. No effect of the NaOH treatments on the ruminal pH was detected. Sodium balance was negative and inversely related to the Na intake. However, there were not enough data fora ciear explanation of this fact

A microfluidic labyrinth self-assembled by a chemical garden

L. M. B. was supported by JPL Topical Research & Technology Development and a NASA PECASE award; L. M. B's research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004). S. T. and T. H. thank the CSIC and Spanish Andalusian ‘Garantía Juvenil’ project AND21_IACT_M2_058. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of the European COST Action CA17120 supported by the EU Framework Programme Horizon 2020.Chemical gardens, self-assembling precipitates that spontaneously form when a metal salt is added to a solution of another precipitating anion, are of interest for various applications including producing reactive materials in controlled structures. Here, we report on two chemical garden reaction systems (CuCl2 and Cu(NO3)2 seed crystals submerged in sodium silicate) that produced self-assembled microfluidic labyrinths in a vertical 2D Hele-Shaw reactor. The formation of labyrinths as well as the specific growth modes of the precipitate were dependent on the silicate concentration: CuCl2 labyrinths formed only at 3 and 4 M silicate and Cu(NO3)2 labyrinths formed only at 4 and 5 M silicate. The labyrinth structures contained silicate on the exterior and crystalline material interpreted as hydrated minerals from the metal salt in their interiors. The bubble-guided tubes that form labyrinths can be controlled by changing the angle of the 2D reaction cell; this suggests that future experiments of this type could form self-organizing structures with controlled composition and orientation for use in microfluidics and various materials science applications.JPL Topical Research & Technology DevelopmentNASA PECASENational Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004)CSICSpanish Andalusian ‘Garantía Juvenil’ AND21_IACT_M2_058European COST Action CA17120EU Framework Programme Horizon 202

Waste polymers recycling in high performance asphalt mixtures

Building a road pavement requires large amounts of constituent materials, whose extraction can lead to the devastation of natural resources and causes negative impacts on the environment. As aggregates comprise nearly 90% of asphalt mixtures, their partial substitution by waste thermosetting polymers (12 million tons of waste polymers are presently mislaid into landfills, every year, in Europe) can be considered as a sustainable technology, given that an equivalent performance can be assured. Thus, this study aims on evaluating possible advantages of introducing polyethylene based wastes in asphalt mixtures, namely high density polyethylene (HDPE) and cross-linked polyethylene (PEX), incorporating HDPE as a bitumen modifier and PEX as partial substitute of the aggregates. The laboratory tests carried out in this work showed that the use of HDPE significantly improves the behavior of the asphalt binder/mixture. The use of PEX considerably decreases the density of the mixtures, which can be attractive to lighten structures. The mixtures with PEX have similar performance to the conventional one in terms of water sensitivity, improving the permanent deformation resistance and reducing the temperature susceptibility. In brief, the mixtures incorporating waste polymers could be considered a good technical and environmental alternative for paving works.Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) in the scope of the Strategic Project UI 4047 2011‐201

Avaliação genética de procedências de bandarra (Schizolobium amazonicum) utilizando REML/BLUP (máxima verossimilhança restrita/melhor predição linear não viciada).)

Entre as essências florestais nativas da região norte de potencial para a produção madeireira destaca-se a bandarra (Schizolobium amazonicum) pelo seu rápido crescimento e qualidade de madeira. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a variabilidade genética entre procedências de bandarra e o progresso genético com a prática da seleção, visando caracterizar área de produção de sementes (APS). Foram avaliadas três procedências de bandarra dos Estados de Rondônia, Pará e Acre em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com informação dentro de parcela instalado no espaçamento de 4 x 2 m em Ouro Preto d´Oeste, Rondônia. Foram avaliados os caracteres: diâmetro à altura do peito DAP (cm), altura total ALT(m) e volume de madeira VOL (m³) aos nove anos de idade. A análise da variância indicou a existência de variabilidade genética entre as procedências a 1% de probabilidade somente para os caracteres ALT (m) e VOL (m³). A acurácia do procedimento de seleção entre procedências apresentou magnitude elevada e suas estimativas de progresso genético foram consideradas para prever a média na próxima geração. As estimativas de progresso genético indicam 20% de ganho em volume com a seleção entre procedências e 30% com a seleção entre e dentro de procedências. As procedências avaliadas apresentaram boa adaptabilidade geral, com potencial para a produção de madeira na região e variabilidade genética suficiente para ser explorada com estruturação em famílias