Birth weight and adult lung function in China [4]

published_or_final_versio

Assessment of progesterone profiles and postpartum onset of luteal activity in spring calving Hereford beef suckler cattle

BACKGROUND: Reproduction is the single greatest factor limiting beef cattle production. Previous research on beef suckler luteal activity has largely focused on the mechanisms, and duration, of postpartum anoestrus. However, the temporal pattern of luteal activity after resumption of post-partum ovarian activity, and the impact of pattern type on days open (DO) in purebred beef suckler cows, are unknown. METHODS: Progesterone concentration was measured in milk samples taken thrice weekly from 120 lactations, in 87 animals, on 3 farms, over two years. Onset of luteal activity (OLA) was defined as the first day milk progesterone concentration exceeded 3 ng/ml for two successive measurements, or exceeded 5 ng/ml once. It was defined as delayed if it occurred more than 61 days postpartum. A short initial luteal phase consisted of progesterone concentrations which exceeded 3 ng/ml for fewer than 4 sequential measurements. Temporal progesterone patterns were classified as: 1) Normal cyclicity; 2) Cessation of luteal activity; 3) Prolonged luteal activity; 4) Erratic phase: failure to conform to 1, 2 or 3. Data concerning parity, previous calving interval, breeding values, calf birth and 200-d weight were obtained from the Norwegian Beef Cattle Recording System database. RESULTS: The mean (SD) OLA was 41 d (20). Parity and calf birth weight were inversely correlated with OLA. Delayed OLA occurred in 14.4% of lactations. A short first luteal phase occurred in 61.5% of lactations, but this was unrelated to irregular luteal phase occurrence, pregnancy or DO. Irregular luteal phases occurred in 22% of lactations. The irregularities were: prolonged luteal phase (11%); cessation of luteal activity (5%); erratic luteal activity (6%). Early OLA was associated with prolonged luteal phases. DO was positively correlated with irregular luteal phases and negatively correlated with calf 200-d weight. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that irregular luteal phases negatively affect reproductive performance in purebred beef suckler cattle. A moderate incidence of irregular luteal phases was seen in the study population. Whilst a positive relationship was seen between OLA and DO, unfavourable associations between early OLA and incidence of irregular luteal phases should be considered when developing breeding programmes

Effects of Environmental Agents on the Attainment of Puberty: Considerations When Assessing Exposure to Environmental Chemicals in the National Children’s Study

The apparent decline in the age at puberty in the United States raises a general level of concern because of the potential clinical and social consequences of such an event. Nutritional status, genetic predisposition (race/ethnicity), and environmental chemicals are associated with altered age at puberty. The Exposure to Chemical Agents Working Group of the National Children’s Study (NCS) presents an approach to assess exposure for chemicals that may affect the age of maturity in children. The process involves conducting the assessment by life stages (i.e., in utero, postnatal, peripubertal), adopting a general categorization of the environmental chemicals by biologic persistence, and collecting and storing biologic specimens that are most likely to yield meaningful information. The analysis of environmental samples and use of questionnaire data are essential in the assessment of chemicals that cannot be measured in biologic specimens, and they can assist in the evaluation of exposure to nonpersistent chemicals. Food and dietary data may be used to determine the extent to which nutrients and chemicals from this pathway contribute to the variance in the timing of puberty. Additional research is necessary in several of these areas and is ongoing. The NCS is uniquely poised to evaluate the effects of environmental chemicals on the age at puberty, and the above approach will allow the NCS to accomplish this task

Prospectus, September 5, 1984

DEMOCRATS AND REPUBLICANS VOICE POLITICAL SUPPORT: MONDALE CAMPAIGNS IN CHAMPAIGN-URBANA; PC Happenings; Space advocate is popular public speaker; Loudon speaks at Parkland; Gautlet thrown down again; Concert pianist to play Parkland; Philosophy Club begins; Champaign County provides many social service agencies; Student suicide-how do we fight it? Three out of four consider suicide; Marijuana use decreasing; Better advertising of aid needed; Tips for new students; Creative Corner...Especially for you!!; Witches\u27 Sabbath Road; Rain; Forgotten Pill; Rites of Passage; Spirit to Heaven; Silence; Doom Story-terror awaits; Advice from the Duodenum; Did You Know...; Fake mail to students...good enterprise; Volunteers are needed; Champaign-Urbana retains glimpses of yesteryear with charming older homes; Faculty Art 1984: A random sampling and mini-tour; An invitation to feel, understand, reflect and grow; Prospectus Man strikes again...; Prospecto! Champion of truth, justice and the Prospectus way; Classifieds; Boys are back; She bops her way to the top; Murphy strikes own path; The world says goodbye to a beloved actor; Carly\u27s still coming on strong; As campaign starts, educators give Reagan low marks; Key veterans in command of 1984 volleyball campaign; Fast Freddy Contest; Talented Freshmen Spear head woman\u27s cross countryhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1984/1014/thumbnail.jp

Novel Binding Mode of a Potent and Selective Tankyrase Inhibitor

Tankyrases (TNKS1 and TNKS2) are key regulators of cellular processes such as telomere pathway and Wnt signaling. IWRs (inhibitors of Wnt response) have recently been identified as potent and selective inhibitors of tankyrases. However, it is not clear how these IWRs interact with tankyrases. Here we report the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of human TNKS1 in complex with IWR2, which reveals a novel binding site for tankyrase inhibitors. The TNKS1/IWR2 complex provides a molecular basis for their strong and specific interactions and suggests clues for further development of tankyrase inhibitors

Accuracy of self-reported height measurements in parents and its effect on mid-parental target height calculation

BACKGROUND: Clinical determination of mid-parental height is an important part of the assessment of a child's growth, however our clinical impression has been that parents cannot be relied upon to accurately report their own heights. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the accuracy of parental height self-reporting and its effect on calculated mid-parental target height for children presenting to a pediatric endocrinology office. METHODS: All parents bringing their children for an initial evaluation to a pediatric endocrinology clinic over a period of nine months were questioned and then measured by a pediatric endocrinologist. Parents were blinded to the study. Mid-parental target heights, based on reported and actual height were compared. RESULTS: There were 241 families: 98 fathers and 217 mothers in our study. Mean measured paternal height was 173.2 cm, self reported 174.9 cm (p < 0.0001), partner reported 177 cm (p = 0.0004). Only 50% of fathers and 58% of mothers reported their height within ± 2 cm of their measured height, while 15% of fathers and 12% of mothers were inaccurate by more than 4 cm. Mean measured maternal height was 160.6 cm, self-reported 161.1 cm (NS), partner reported 161.7 cm (NS). Inaccuracy of height self-report had a small but significant effect on the mean MPTH (0.4 cm, p = 0.045). Analysis showed that only 70% of MPTH calculated by reported heights fell within ± 2 cm of MPTH calculated using measured heights, 24% being in ± 2–4 cm range, and 6% were inaccurate by more than 4 cm. CONCLUSION: There is a significant difference in paternal measured versus reported heights with an overall trend for fathers to overestimate their own height. A large subset of parents makes a substantial error in their height self-report, which leads to erroneous MPTH. Inaccuracy is even greater when one parent reports the other parent's height. When a child's growth is in question, measured rather than reported parental heights should be obtained

BMI Changes During Childhood and Adolescence as Predictors of Amount of Adult Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Men: The GOOD Study

Objective. The amount of visceral adipose tissue is a risk factor for the metabolic syndrome. It is unclear how body mass index (BMI) changes during childhood and adolescence predict adult fat distribution. We hypothesized that there are critical periods during development for the prediction of adult subcutaneous and visceral fat mass by BMI changes during childhood and adolescence. Research Design and Methods. Detailed growth charts were retrieved for the men participating in the population-based Gothenburg Osteoporosis and Obesity Determinants (GOOD) study (n=612). Body composition was analysed using Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry and adipose tissue areas using abdominal computed tomography at 18-20 years of age. Results. The main finding in the present study was that subjects with increases in BMI Z-score of >1 SD during adolescence had, independent of prepubertal BMI, both larger subcutaneous (+138%; p1 SD during late childhood had larger amount adult subcutaneous adipose tissue (+83%;

Assessing impacts of agricultural water interventions in the Kothapally watershed, Southern India

The paper describes a hydrological model for agricultural water intervention in a community watershed at Kothapally in India, developed through integrated management and a consortium approach. The impacts of various soil and water management interventions in the watershed are compared to no-intervention during a 30-year simulation period by application of the calibrated and validated ARCSWAT 2005 (Version 2.1.4a) modelling tool. Kothapally receives, on average, 800 mm rainfall in the monsoon period. 72% of total rainfall is converted as evaporation and transpiration (ET), 20% is stored by groundwater aquifer, and 8% exported as outflow from the watershed boundary in current water interventions. ET, groundwater recharge and outflow under no-intervention conditions are found to be 64, 9, and 19%, respectively. Check dams helped in storing water for groundwater recharge, which can be used for irrigation, as well minimising soil loss. In situ water management practices improved the infiltration capacity and water holding capacity of the soil, which resulted in increased water availability by 10–30% and better crop yields compared to no-intervention. Water outflows from the developed watershed were more than halved compared to no-intervention, indicating potentially large negative downstream impacts if these systems were to be implemented on a larger scale. On the other hand, in the watershed development program, sediment loads to the streams were less than one-tenth. It can be concluded that the hydrological impacts of large-scale implementation of agricultural water interventions are significant. They result in improved rain-fed agriculture and improved productivity and livelihood of farmers in upland areas while also addressing the issues of poverty, equity, and gender in watersheds. There is a need for case-specific studies of such hydrological impacts along with other impacts in terms of equity, gender, sustainability, and development at the mesoscale

Prospectus, March 22, 1984

BARKSTALL TALKS ABOUT DISCRIMINATION; News Digest; This is Karyn\u27s chance: and nothing will stop her!!; Scream and run--best self defense; PC Happenings: Workshop for radiologic technologists, SIU counselor at Parkland, Parkland play to open; Fear, anger, guilt and confusion: Common feelings after rape; StuGo conducting survey; 1984 motorcycle courses; Fall Registration; Did You Know...; The changing face of Women\u27s Lib: Working with and through the system; \u27Harry and Son\u27 warm and touching......; Run--\u27Just for the health of it\u27; Parkland student helps disaster effort; School prayer debate continues; \u27Yes\u27 appears at Assembly Hall; Creative Corner...Especially for you!!: Rain, Window Watching, We begin our lives as tiny..., The sun\u27s golden rays..., Climbing the Mountain, We are alone in this world..., He was only joking..., Used Too, You can\u27t stop rock-\u27n-roll..., The prison of my mind..., I am too younf to feel so worn and tired..., Living hard and fast..., Don\u27t get me wrong..., I can never forget...; Champaign County in the middle of a tornado belt; Tornado prevention; Classifieds; YES concert proves to be big disappointment; Skating projects emotion; \u27Splash\u27 wildly funny entertainment; WILL hosts telecourse; Orioles to repeat; Class A results; Lady Cobras finish third; Cobras eliminated; 1984 Parkland College Baseball Roster; Wet grounds hamper softball; Chargers ready for the Hall; I.M. Newshttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1984/1028/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, October 3, 1984

FEMINIST MIND SEEN AS ANSWER FOR WORLD PROBLEMS; PC Digest; Blood Drive successful; \u27Wager opens to rave reviews\u27; 7 senators elected; Staff Profile-Kathy Hubbard Entertainment editor; Reaching mountain top not always goal; Degree still important asset; PC Happenings; Small Business Workshop planned; EMT Workshop scheduled; Parenting programs at Parkland; Health Programs focus on smoking, fitness and skin; Circle K exists to help; Gold struck in Arthur; Responsibility for self is common difficulty; Parkland enrollment follows trend; Woods hosts sports show; Creative Corner...Especially for you!!; The Meaning of I; The Last Goodbye; Advice from the Dueodenum; Almost There; Freedom; Doom-but whose?; Too Big for Me; Lady; The Ballad of Sue and Joe; Love Lost; Climbing the Mountain; Photographer wins in national competition; Student Profile-Carol DeVoss-newly elected senator \u27I\u27d like to see more student participation.\u27 Approximately 200 out of about 8,500 voted; Classifieds; Why are women obsessed?; New shows begin; Campbell\u27s a singin\u27 country boy; September love; Lady Cobras concentrate, win two; Bowlers Pin; IM Volleyball; IM Basketball; IM Football; Cross Country action; Wisdom, age to determine \u2785 Cobras baseball success; Golf actionhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1984/1010/thumbnail.jp