Determination of nutrient salts by automatic methods both in seawater and brackish water: the phosphate blank

9 páginas, 2 tablas, 2 figurasThe main inconvenience in determining nutrients in seawater by automatic methods is simply solved: the preparation of a suitable blank which corrects the effect of the refractive index change on the recorded signal. Two procedures are proposed, one physical (a simple equation to estimate the effect) and the other chemical (removal of the dissolved phosphorus with ferric hydroxide).Support for this work came from CICYT (MAR88-0245 project) and Conselleria de Pesca de la Xunta de GaliciaPeer reviewe

Methaemoglobinaemia after cardiac catheterisation: a rare cause of cyanosis

Two young women had unexpected cyanosis a few hours after cardiac catheterisation for electrophysiological investigation. The first patient had atrioventricular septal defect, had undergone repeated surgical interventions, and was referred because of atrial flutter. The second patient had ablation of an accessory pathway in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Local anaesthesia was performed with 40 ml prilocaine 2%. Cyanosis with oxygen saturation of 85% developed in both patients a few hours after the electrophysiological investigation. The patients were transferred to the intensive care unit and for the first patient a considerable diagnostic effort was made to rule out morphological complication. Finally methaemoglobinaemia of 16.7% and 33.4%, respectively, was found. Cyanosis resolved within 24 hours and did not reappear. Underlying glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and erythrocyte-methaemoglobin reductase deficiency were ruled out. Physicians should be aware of this rare side effect of local anaesthetics in patients with unexpected cyanosis

What's Old and New? Discovering Topics in the American Journal of Sociology

Nowadays the field of text mining techniques seems to be very active in dealing with the increasing mass of available digital texts and several algorithms have been proposed to analyze and synthesize the vast amount of data that today represents a challenging source of information overload. Topic modeling is a collection of algorithms which are useful for discovering themes, i.e. topics, in unstructured text. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) by Blei (et al., 2003) was one of the first topic modeling algorithms and since then the field seems to be active and many variants and other algorithms have been suggested. The present study considers a topic as an indicator of the relevance of a research area in a specific time-span and its temporal evolution pattern as a way to identify the paradigm changes in terms of theories, ideas, forgotten topics, evergreen subjects and new emerging research interests. The study aims to contribute to a substantive reflection in Sociology by exploring the temporal evolution of topics in the abstracts of articles published by the American Journal of Sociology in the last century (1921-2016). Within the classical LDA perspective, the study also focus on topics with a significant increasing or decreasing trend (Griffiths et Steyvers, 2004). The results show different shifts that involved relevant reflections on various issues, from the early debate on the \u201cinstitutionalization\u201d process of Sociology as a scientific discipline to recent developments of sociological topics that clearly indicate how sociologists have reacted to new social problem

11. Statuskolloquium des PEF vom 14. bis 16. Maerz 1995 im Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe

During the 14 - 16th of March 1995 the Eleventh Status Report of the project ''European Research Centre for Air Pollution Control Measures'' (PEF) took place at the Research Center Karlsruhe. Progress reports on the following topics -Investigation into Damage and Elucidation of the Causes and Effects of Forest Decline (Task 1A); - Research into Atmospheric Dispersion, Conversion and Deposition of Airborne Pollutants (Task 2); - Development and Optimization of Industrial-Technical Processes to Reduce or Avoid Emissions (Task 3); -Providing Instruments and Making Recommendations to the Industrial and Political Sectors (Task 4) were presented. The presentations together with a review lecture on ''Guideline values as a tool to assess indoor air quality'' are contained in this volume. (orig.)Vom 14. - 16. Maerz 1995 fand im Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe das elfte Statuskolloquium des Projektes ''Europaeisches Forschungszentrum fuer Massnahmen zur Luftreinhaltung'' (PEF) statt. Es wurden Fortschrittsberichte zu den Themenbereichen - Erfassung und Analyse der Einwirkungen von Luftschadstoffen auf Waldoekosysteme, Abgrenzung gegenueber anderen moeglichen Ursachen fuer die neueren Waldschaeden (Bereich 1A); - Erforschung der atmosphaerischen Ausbreitung, Umwandlung und Deposition von Schadstoffen (Bereich 2); -Entwicklung und Optimierung wirtschaftlich-technischer Verfahren zur Minderung bzw. Vermeidung von Emissionen (Bereich 3); - Bereitstellung von Instrumenten und Empfehlungen fuer den wirtschaftlichen und politischen Bereich (Bereich 4) gegeben. In dem vorliegenden Band sind die vorgetragenen Arbeiten sowie ein Uebersichtsvortrag zum Thema ''Innenraumluftrichtwerte als Bewertungshilfe'' zusammengestellt. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: RO 2590(130) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEUmweltministerium des Landes Baden-Wuerttemberg, Stuttgart (Germany)DEGerman

12. Statuskolloquium des PEF am 12. und 13. Maerz 1996 im Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe

Am 12. und 13. Maerz 1996 fand im Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe das zwoelfte Statuskolloquium des Projektes 'Europaeisches Forschungszentrum fuer Massnahmen zur Luftreinhaltung' (PEF) statt. Es wurden Fortschrittsberichte zu den Themenbereichen - Erfassung und Analyse der Einwirkungen von Luftschadstoffen auf Waldoekosysteme, Abgrenzung gegenueber anderen moeglichen Ursachen fuer die neueren Waldschaeden (Bereich 1A) - Erforschung der atmosphaerischen Ausbreitung, Umwandlung und Deposition von Schadstoffen (Bereich 2) -Entwicklung und Optimierung wirtschaftlich-technischer Verfahren zur Minderung bzw. Vermeidung von Emissionen (Bereich 3) - Bereitstellung von Instrumenten und Empfehlungen fuer den wirtschaftlichen und politischen Bereich (Bereich 4) gegeben. In dem vorliegenden Band sind die vorgetragenen Arbeiten zusammengestellt. (orig.)During the 12th and 13th of March 1996 the Twelfth Status Report of the project 'European Research Centre for Air Pollution Control Measures' (PEF) took place at the Research Center Karlsruhe. Progress reports on the following topics - Investigation into Damage and Elucidation of the Causes and Effects of Forest Decline (Task 1A) - Research into Atmospheric Dispersion, Conversion and Deposition of Airborne Pollutants (Task 2) - Development and Optimization of Industrial-Technical Processes to Reduce or Avoid Emissions (Task 3) - Providing Instruments and Making Recommendations to the Industrial and Political Sectors (Task 4) were presented. The presentations together are contained in this volume. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RO 2590(142) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekLand Baden-Wuerttemberg, Stuttgart (Germany)DEGerman

Empowering University Educators for Contemporary Open and Networked Teaching

The chapter explores the competences that university educators should master in our increasingly digital, open and connected societies in order to fill their role effectively and responsibly. Starting from a brief analysis of the concepts of collaborative learning and open education, we analyse three teachers’ competencies frameworks, focusing on the digital, collaboration and openness aspects of contemporary teaching. We conclude that educators should not build radically new competences but should rather update their competences in line with emerging needs. Also, we notice that some additional competence areas should be developed by educators, if we want them to be able to bridge the work of students in formal and informal settings. We propose six competences areas in this sense: personal data management, capacity to leverage the open web, intercultural digital dialogues, critical view on media, digital ethical issues, accessibility. These areas are becoming increasingly important for educators to be able to critically engage learners in the core issues of our digital, networked and open societies, guiding them—in open and collaborative ways—towards solutions to the newly emerging problems of our times

Continental mapping of forest ecosystem functions reveals a high but unrealised potential for forest multifunctionality

Humans require multiple services from ecosystems, but it is largely unknown whether trade-offs between ecosystem functions prevent the realisation of high ecosystem multifunctionality across spatial scales. Here, we combined a comprehensive dataset (28 ecosystem functions measured on 209 forest plots) with a forest inventory dataset (105,316 plots) to extrapolate and map relationships between various ecosystem multifunctionality measures across Europe. These multifunctionality measures reflected different management objectives, related to timber production, climate regulation and biodiversity conservation/recreation. We found that trade-offs among them were rare across Europe, at both local and continental scales. This suggests a high potential for 'win-win' forest management strategies, where overall multifunctionality is maximised. However, across sites, multifunctionality was on average 45.8-49.8% below maximum levels and not necessarily highest in protected areas. Therefore, using one of the most comprehensive assessments so far, our study suggests a high but largely unrealised potential for management to promote multifunctional forests

Prodromal Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Stroke and Outcome in Basilar Artery Occlusion

Background The presence of prodromal transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) has been associated with a favorable outcome in anterior circulation stroke. We aimed to determine the association between prodromal TIAs or minor stroke and outcomes at 1 month, in the Basilar Artery International Cooperation Study, a registry of patients presenting with an acute symptomatic and radiologically confirmed basilar artery occlusion. Methods A total of 619 patients were enrolled in the registry. Information on prodromal TIAs was available for 517 patients and on prodromal stroke for 487 patients. We calculated risk ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for poor clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale score <4) according to the variables of interest. Results Prodromal minor stroke was associated with poor outcome (crude risk ratio [cRR], 1.26; 95% CI, 1.12-1.42), but TIAs were not (cRR,.93; 95% CI,.79-1.09). These associations remained essentially the same after adjustment for confounding variables. Conclusions Prodromal minor stroke was associated with an unfavorable outcome in patients with basilar artery occlusion, whereas prodromal TIA was not