Effects of heating menstrua, spore age, and suspension preparation on the heat activation of Bacillus coagulans spores.

This research bulletin reports on Department of Horticulture research project 434, Thermal Activation of Bacterial Spores in Processed Foods--P. [2].Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (pages 11-12)

Effects of Odium lactis on thermal activation and recovery of Bacillus coagulans spores.

This research bulletin reports on Department of Horticulture research project 434, Thermal Activation of Bacterial spores in Processed Foods--P. [2].Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (page 10)

Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan dengan Level Protein Berbeda terhadap Kualitas Karkas Hasil Persilangan Ayam Bangkok dan Ayam Arab

This research was aimed to determined the effect of feeding with different protein levels on the carcass quality of crossbred of Bangkok and Arabic chicken. The material used 147 chickens from crosses Bangkok chicken and Arabic chicken (unsex) 1 day age with an average initial body weight of 34.7 ± 0.84 g, battery cages for chicken place, with feeding and watering. Experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) causist of 3 treatment protein levels and 7 replications, T1: 22% on starter and 20% on finisher, T2: 19% on starter and 17% on finisher, T3: 16% on starter and 14% on finisher with energy metabolic for starter was 2800 kcal/kg and finisher was 2700 kcal/kg. The results showed that the average live weight of T1, T2 and T3 was 1339,86 g, 1121,29 g, and 894,14 g. The average carcass weight of T1, T2 and T3 was 903,29 g, 694,14 g and 538,71 g. The average ratio of flesh bones on T1, T2 and T3 was 2,64, 2,41, and 2,35. The average protein content of meat on T1, T2 and T3 was 21,37%, 21,15%, and 20,89%. The average fat content of meat on T1, T2 and T3 was 2,10%, 2,65%, and 2,34%. The results of the analysis indicate that the range of feeding with different of protein levels was significant (P<0,05) on live weight, carcass weights. Feeding with different of protein levels did not impact different (P>0,05) on levels of meat protein and fat content of meat. Conclusion this research showed that quality of crossbred of Bangkok and Arabic chicken was good with the level of 22% protein on starter and 20% on finisher

Kinstate intervention in ethnic conflicts : Albania and Turkey compared

Albania and Turkey did not act in overtly irredentist ways towards their ethnic brethren in neighboring states after the end of communism. Why, nonetheless, did Albania facilitate the increase of ethnic conflict in Kosovo and Macedonia, while Turkey did not, with respect to the Turks of Bulgaria? I argue that kin-states undergoing transition are more prone to intervene in external conflicts than states that are not, regardless of the salience of minority demands in the host-state. The transition weakens the institutions of the kin-state. Experiencing limited institutional constraints, self-seeking state officials create alliances with secessionist and autonomist movements across borders alongside their own ideological, clan-based and particularistic interests. Such alliances are often utilized to advance radical domestic agendas. Unlike in Albania's transition environment, in Turkey there were no emerging elites that could potentially form alliances and use external movements to legitimize their own domestic existence or claims

A Comparison of Computerized Chemical Models for Equilibrium Calculations in Aqueous Systems

A survey of computer programs which are currently being used to calculate the distribution of species in aqueous solutions, especially natural waters, has been made in order to 1) provide an inventory of available programs with a short description of their uses, 2) compare the consistency of their output for two given test solutions and 3) identify major weaknesses or problems encountered from their use. More than a dozen active programs which can be used for distribution of species and activity calculations for homogeneos equilibria among the major anions and cations of natural waters have been inventoried. Half of these programs can also accept several trace elements including Fe, Al, Mn, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ag, Hg, As, Ba, Sr, and B. Consistency between programs was evaluated by comparing the log of the molal concentrations of free ions and complexes for two test solutions: a hypothetical seawater analysis and a hypothetical river water analysis. Comparison of the free major ion concentrations in the river water test case shows excellent agreement for the major species. In the seawater test case there is less agreement and for both test cases the minor species commonly show orders of magnitude differences in concentrations. These differences primarily reflect differences in the thermodynamic data base of each chemical model although other factors such as activity coefficient calculations, redox assumptions, temperature corrections, alkalinity corrections and the number of complexes used all have an affect on the output

Impact the undergraduate student experience has on the development of alumni loyalty

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on December 7, 2010).The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file.Dissertation advisor: Dr. Sandy Hutchinson.Vita.Ph. D. University of Missouri--Columbia 2010.The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how the undergraduate student experience impacts the development of alumni loyalty, when loyalty forms, and in what ways alumni exhibit loyalty to their alma mater. Data was collected through thirty semi-structured individual interviews, fifteen donors and fifteen non-donors, and two focus groups. Participants were alumni of a midsized, comprehensive, Midwestern institution. Data indicated that there are some differences between the donor and non-donor groups. Donors tended to have stronger relationships that were maintained over time, believed they had changed while attending the university, and thought their education had provided them a foundation for life. Donors tended to have more than one degree and more than one degree from the same institution. Non-donors were overall positive, but seemed to not have the same investment in the institution, and had to rely more on loans to pay for their education. Views on loyalty were similar across both groups, but donors indicated more of an attachment. Both groups believed that support was making a financial gift to the institution. The focus groups had similar beliefs as the interview participants, however they believed involvement was key to long term engagement, while involvement in both donor groups was consistent. Findings indicate the relationships formed while a student play an important role in the formation of loyalty and long-term affiliation with the institution. In addition, the alumni's satisfaction with overall student experience impacts both relationships and loyalty.Includes bibliographical reference

Optimizing the design and operation of aquifer thermal energy systems

The design of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) systems is complicated by significant uncertainties in ones ability to reliably predict the response of the aquifer to fluid and thermal fluxes. Overdesigning the system, to compensate for these uncertainties, reduces the potential economic and energy benefits of an ATES system. Underdesigning the system results in systems that fail to meet design targets. Unfortunately, standard aquifer characterization methods and hydrologic models do not provide adequate information to overcome these uncertainties. Thus, expensive full-scale tests are generally recommended to develop an adequate-understanding of the systems response. However, the standard engineering {open_quotes}design-build-operate{close_quotes} process is not. appropriate for ATES systems because an optimal design cannot be completed without some operational experience, i.e., field tests. A more adaptive engineering process is required. This engineering process should be flexible enough to allow the design to be adjusted during the operation, as monitoring data become available and as an understanding of the system response increases. Engineering approaches being developed for environmental restoration of contaminated soil and groundwater can be adapted to optimally design and operate ATES systems

The contribution of hormone sensitive lipase to adipose tissue lipolysis and its regulation by insulin in periparturient dairy cows

Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) activation is part of the metabolic adaptations to the negative energy balance common to the mammalian periparturient period. This study determined HSL contribution to adipose tissue (AT) lipolysis and how insulin regulates its activity in periparturient dairy cows. Subcutaneous AT (SCAT) samples were collected at 11 d prepartum (dry) and 11 (fresh) and 24 d (lactation) postpartum. Basal and stimulated lipolysis (ISO) responses were determined using explant cultures. HSL contribution to lipolysis was assessed using an HSL inhibitor (CAY). Basal lipolysis was higher in SCAT at dry compared with fresh. CAY inhibited basal lipolysis negligibly at dry, but at fresh and lactation it reduced basal lipolysis by 36.1 +/- 4.51% and 43.1 +/- 4.83%, respectively. Insulin inhibited lipolysis more pronouncedly in dry compared to fresh. Results demonstrate that HSL contribution to basal lipolysis is negligible prepartum. However, HSL is a major driver of SCAT lipolytic responses postpartum. Lower basal lipolysis postpartum suggests that reduced lipogenesis is an important contributor to fatty acid release from SCAT. Loss of adipocyte sensitivity to the antilipolytic action of insulin develops in the early lactation period and supports a state of insulin resistance in AT of cows during the first month postpartum