A criterion for separating process calculi

We introduce a new criterion, replacement freeness, to discern the relative expressiveness of process calculi. Intuitively, a calculus is strongly replacement free if replacing, within an enclosing context, a process that cannot perform any visible action by an arbitrary process never inhibits the capability of the resulting process to perform a visible action. We prove that there exists no compositional and interaction sensitive encoding of a not strongly replacement free calculus into any strongly replacement free one. We then define a weaker version of replacement freeness, by only considering replacement of closed processes, and prove that, if we additionally require the encoding to preserve name independence, it is not even possible to encode a non replacement free calculus into a weakly replacement free one. As a consequence of our encodability results, we get that many calculi equipped with priority are not replacement free and hence are not encodable into mainstream calculi like CCS and pi-calculus, that instead are strongly replacement free. We also prove that variants of pi-calculus with match among names, pattern matching or polyadic synchronization are only weakly replacement free, hence they are separated both from process calculi with priority and from mainstream calculi.Comment: In Proceedings EXPRESS'10, arXiv:1011.601

A Bayesian approach for the assessment of shallow and deep aquifers susceptibility to point sources contamination in the Province of Milan, Italy

In densely populated areas, urban and industrial activities are responsible for groundwater quality deterioration due to point sources contamination (Kuroda and Fukushi, 2008). In the Province of Milan (Northern Italy), the available water-quality data indicate the occurrence of high PCE+TCE and chromium concentrations in the unconfined shallow as well as in the confined deep aquifers. To cope with this problem, statistical methods can represent reliable tools to provide key information for groundwater management and protection

Lipoperoxidation levels in rainbow trout and broiler chickens after levofloxacin administration

La levofloxacina es un antimicrobiano del grupo de las fluoroquinolonas utilizada en medicina humana y con potencial aplicación en animales de producción, si los estudios toxicológicos y farmacológicos lo avalan. Si bien trabajos previos han demostrado que otras fluoroquinolonas y/o sus metabolitos producen peroxidación de lípidos en los tejidos animales, las comunicaciones sobre evaluaciones toxicológicas de levofloxacina son escasas. En el presente trabajo se plantea evaluar la posible oxidación de lípidos en tejidos de pollos parrilleros y truchas (Oncorhynchus mykiss), después de la administración de levofloxacina utilizando la técnica de sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARs). Los valores de nmol de TBARs/g de tejido mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en: músculo de trucha después de una única administración de 10mg/kg de levofloxacina 50,2±3,2 vs control 17,1±3,8 (p<0,05) a las 72 h; en pollo, después de una única administración de 5mg/kg de levofloxacina, los valores fueron, en músculo a las 2 h, 6,2±1,2 vs control 3,7±1,3 (p<0,05) y en hígado a la hora, 6,9±0,2 vs control 0,9±0,1 (p<0,05). Esta información, que sugiere inducción de un efecto oxidativo en tejidos, debe ser profundizada en futuras investigaciones.Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial used in human medicine and with a potential application in food-producing animals, if the toxicological and pharmacological studies support this. Previous studies have shown that other fluoroquinolones and/or its metabolites produce lipid peroxidation in animal tissues but toxicological evaluation of levofloxacin communications are scarce. This work argues evaluate the possible lipid oxidation in broiler chickens and trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) tissues, after levofloxacin administration, using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances technique (TBARs). The values, TBARs/g of tissue, showed statistically significant differences in: trout muscle after a10mg/kg single administration of levofloxacin 50.2±3.2 vs control 17.1±3.8 (p<0.05) at 72 h; in chicken after a single 5mg/kg levofloxacin administration, the values were in muscle at 2 h, 6.2±1.2 vs control 3.7±1.3 (p<0.05) and in liver at 1h, 6.9±0.2 vs control 0.9±0.1 (p<0.05). This information which suggests oxidative effect induction in tissues should be deepened in future research.Fil: Weyers, A.. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; ArgentinaFil: Ugnia, L. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Ovando, Hugo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Clínica Animal; ArgentinaFil: Mañas, Fernando Javier. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gorla, Nora Bibiana Maria. Universidad "Juan Agustín Maza". Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Lipoperoxidation levels in rainbow trout and broiler chickens after levofloxacin administration

La levofloxacina es un antimicrobiano del grupo de las fluoroquinolonas utilizada en medicina humana y con potencial aplicación en animales de producción, si los estudios toxicológicos y farmacológicos lo avalan. Si bien trabajos previos han demostrado que otras fluoroquinolonas y/o sus metabolitos producen peroxidación de lípidos en los tejidos animales, las comunicaciones sobre evaluaciones toxicológicas de levofloxacina son escasas. En el presente trabajo se plantea evaluar la posible oxidación de lípidos en tejidos de pollos parrilleros y truchas (Oncorhynchus mykiss), después de la administración de levofloxacina utilizando la técnica de sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARs). Los valores de nmol de TBARs/g de tejido mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en: músculo de trucha después de una única administración de 10mg/kg de levofloxacina 50,2±3,2 vs control 17,1±3,8 (p<0,05) a las 72 h; en pollo, después de una única administración de 5mg/kg de levofloxacina, los valores fueron, en músculo a las 2 h, 6,2±1,2 vs control 3,7±1,3 (p<0,05) y en hígado a la hora, 6,9±0,2 vs control 0,9±0,1 (p<0,05). Esta información, que sugiere inducción de un efecto oxidativo en tejidos, debe ser profundizada en futuras investigaciones.Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial used in human medicine and with a potential application in food-producing animals, if the toxicological and pharmacological studies support this. Previous studies have shown that other fluoroquinolones and/or its metabolites produce lipid peroxidation in animal tissues but toxicological evaluation of levofloxacin communications are scarce. This work argues evaluate the possible lipid oxidation in broiler chickens and trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) tissues, after levofloxacin administration, using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances technique (TBARs). The values, TBARs/g of tissue, showed statistically significant differences in: trout muscle after a10mg/kg single administration of levofloxacin 50.2±3.2 vs control 17.1±3.8 (p<0.05) at 72 h; in chicken after a single 5mg/kg levofloxacin administration, the values were in muscle at 2 h, 6.2±1.2 vs control 3.7±1.3 (p<0.05) and in liver at 1h, 6.9±0.2 vs control 0.9±0.1 (p<0.05). This information which suggests oxidative effect induction in tissues should be deepened in future research.Fil: Weyers, A.. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; ArgentinaFil: Ugnia, L. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Ovando, Hugo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Clínica Animal; ArgentinaFil: Mañas, Fernando Javier. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gorla, Nora Bibiana Maria. Universidad "Juan Agustín Maza". Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Salud Publica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Historical silk: a novel method to evaluate degumming with non-invasive infrared spectroscopy and spectral deconvolution

: To correctly manage a collection of historical silks, it is important to detect if the yarn has been originally subjected to degumming. This process is generally applied to eliminate sericin; the obtained fiber is named soft silk, in contrast with hard silk which is unprocessed. The distinction between hard and soft silk gives both historical information and useful indications for informed conservation. With this aim, 32 samples of silk textiles from traditional Japanese samurai armors (15th-20th century) were characterized in a non-invasive way. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy has been previously used to detect hard silk, but data interpretation is challenging. To overcome this difficulty, an innovative analytical protocol based on external reflection FTIR (ER-FTIR) spectroscopy was employed, coupled with spectral deconvolution and multivariate data analysis. The ER-FTIR technique is rapid, portable, and widely employed in the cultural heritage field, but rarely applied to the study of textiles. The ER-FTIR band assignment for silk was discussed for the first time. Then, the evaluation of the OH stretching signals allowed for a reliable distinction between hard and soft silk. Such an innovative point of view, which exploits a "weakness" of FTIR spectroscopy-the strong absorption from water molecules-to indirectly obtain the results, can have industrial applications too

Scintillating double beta decay bolometers

We present the results obtained in the development of scintillating Double Beta Decay bolometers. Several Mo and Cd based crystals were tested with the bolometric technique. The scintillation light was measured through a second independent bolometer. A 140 g CdWO_4 crystal was run in a 417 h live time measurement. Thanks to the scintillation light, the alpha background is easily discriminated resulting in zero counts above the 2615 keV gamma line of Thallium 208. These results, combined with an extremely easy light detector operation, represent the first tangible proof demonstrating the feasibility of this kind of technique.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure

The CUORE Cryostat: A 1-Ton Scale Setup for Bolometric Detectors

The cryogenic underground observatory for rare events (CUORE) is a 1-ton scale bolometric experiment whose detector consists of an array of 988 TeO2 crystals arranged in a cylindrical compact structure of 19 towers. This will be the largest bolometric mass ever operated. The experiment will work at a temperature around or below 10 mK. CUORE cryostat consists of a cryogen-free system based on pulse tubes and a custom high power dilution refrigerator, designed to match these specifications. The cryostat has been commissioned in 2014 at the Gran Sasso National Laboratories and reached a record temperature of 6 mK on a cubic meter scale. In this paper, we present results of CUORE commissioning runs. Details on the thermal characteristics and cryogenic performances of the system will be also given.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, LTD16 conference proceedin

The Future of Neutrino Mass Measurements: Terrestrial, Astrophysical, and Cosmological Measurements in the Next Decade. Highlights of the NuMass 2013 Workshop. Milano, Italy, February 4 - 7, 2013

The third Workshop of the NuMass series ("The Future of Neutrino Mass Measurements: Terrestrial, Astrophysical, and Cosmological Measurements in the Next Decade: NuMass 2013") was held at Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini, University of Milano-Bicocca in Milano, Italy, on 4-7 February 2013. The goal of this international workshop was to review the status and future of direct and indirect neutrino mass measurements in the laboratory as well as from astrophysical and cosmological observations. This paper collects most of the contributions presented during the Workshop