Alternative strategies to inhibit tumor vascularization

Endothelial cells present in tumors show different origin, phenotype, and genotype with respect to the normal counterpart. Various mechanisms of intra-tumor vasculogenesis sustain the complexity of tumor vasculature, which can be further modified by signals deriving from the tumor microenvironment. As a result, resistance to anti-VEGF therapy and activation of compensatory pathways remain a challenge in the treatment of cancer patients, revealing the need to explore alternative strategies to the classical anti-angiogenic drugs. In this review, we will describe some alternative strategies to inhibit tumor vascularization, including targeting of antigens and signaling pathways overexpressed by tumor endothelial cells, the development of endothelial vaccinations, and the use of extracellular vesicles. In addition, anti-angiogenic drugs with normalizing effects on tumor vessels will be discussed. Finally, we will present the concept of endothelial demesenchymalization as an alternative approach to restore normal endothelial cell phenotype

ANALISIS MUTU GARAM MASAK TRADISIONAL PADA KELOMPOK TIBERIAS DI KELURAHAN OESAPA BARAT, KOTA KUPANG

Abstrak - Garam merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pelengkap dari kebutuhan pangan dan merupakan sumber elektrolit bagi tubuh manusia. Kelompok usaha garam Tiberias merupakan salah satu kelompok usaha garam yang terletak di Kelurahan Oesapa Barat Kecamatan Kelapa Lima Kota Kupang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kadar air, natrium klorida (NaCl), iodium, magnesium (Mg) dan kalsium (Ca), pada garam masak tradisional di Kelompok Tiberias, Kelurahan Oesapa Barat, Kota Kupang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Mei 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif komparatif. Untuk pengujian kadar air, natrium klorida (NaCl), iodium, magnesium (Mg) dan kalsium (Ca) dilakukan pada Laboratorium PT. Saraswanti Indo Genetech, Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air memenuhi SNI 3556-2016 dan SNI 4435-2017, kadar NaCl belum memenuhi SNI 3556-2016 tetapi memenuhi SNI 4435-2017 dan tergolong pada garam K2 (garam kualitas sedang), kadar iodium tidak memenuhi SNI 3556-2016, kadar magnesium sebesar 183,71 mg/100 g dan kadar kalsium sebesar 503,70 mg/100 g. Kesimpulannya adalah teknik pembuatan garam masak menggunakan alat tradisonal yaitu garam krosok sebanyak 18 kg, air tawar 100 liter dicampur dengan garam krosok, penyaringan berlangsung selama ±1 jam, pemasakan selama ±6-7 jam, penirisan garam berlangsung selama ±5 jam, dan pengemasan garam kedalam karung berkapasitas 50 kg dan kualitas garam yang diproduksi. Untuk pengujian kadar air: 4,6-4,75%, NaCl: 91,02%, iodium: 8,45mg/kg, magnesium: 183,71mg/100g dan kalsium: 503,70mg/100g. Kata Kunci: Garam, Tradisional, Air, NaCl, Magnesium, Kalsium &nbsp

Mapping Groundwater Potential Zone Based on Remote Sensing and GIS Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Tana Righu, West Sumba, Indonesia

This study aims to delineate groundwater potential zones in Tana Righu. Multiple thematic maps were prepared using RS and GIS techniques and was assigned suitable weights on the Saaty’s scale. The assigned weights of the thematic maps were then normalized using the AHP technique. Ultimately, these thematic maps were integrated with a weighted overlay technique in GIS. The results showed that about 42% of the study area has “moderate” potential; 35.86% of the study area has “high” potential; 28,82% of the study area has ”low” potential. 3.57.1% of the study area has “very high” potential; and 1.56.1% of the study area The “very low” potential. Overall, this study provides more efficient approach to mapping the potential groundwater availability. The results of this study are expected to assist in the planning, management and better utilization of groundwater resources

P450c17 Deficiency: Clinical and Molecular Characterization of Six Patients

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Prevalence of Pertussis Antibodies in Maternal Blood, Cord Serum, and Infants From Mothers With and Those Without Tdap Booster Vaccination During Pregnancy in Argentina

Fil: Fallo, Aurelia A. Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez," University of Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Neyro, Silvina E. Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez," University of Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Manonelles, Gabriela V. Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez," University of Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Lara, Claudia. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán” (ANLIS); Argentina.Fil: Hozbor, Daniela. Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET; Argentina.Fil: Zintgraff, Jonathan. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán” (ANLIS); Argentina.Fil: Mazzeo, Silvina. Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital D. F. Santojanni, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Davison, Héctor E. Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital D. F. Santojanni, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: González, Susana. Pediatrics, Hospital D. F. Santojanni, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Zapulla, Estella. Pediatrics, Hospital D. F. Santojanni, Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Canle, Oscar. Blood Center, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez," Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Huespe, Miguel. Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital D. F. Santojanni, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Galas, Marcelo. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán” (ANLIS); Argentina.Fil: López, Eduardo L. Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez," University of Buenos Aires; Argentina.Morbidity and mortality rates for pertussis in infants are high because disease often occurs before the onset of routine immunization or in those who do not complete a primary immunization series. Pertussis immunization is recommended during pregnancy to achieve antibody levels sufficient to protect young infants. To our knowledge, no previous reports of maternal pertussis immunization results in Latin America exist in the literature

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in tropical and low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-regression

Objective: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), the commonest opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients in the developed world, is less commonly described in tropical and low and middle income countries (LMIC). We sought to investigate predictors of PCP in these settings. Design Systematic review and meta-regression. METHODS: Meta-regression of predictors of PCP diagnosis (33 studies). Qualitative and quantitative assessment of recorded CD4 counts, receipt of prophylaxis and antiretrovirals, sensitivity and specificity of clinical signs and symptoms for PCP, co-infection with other pathogens, and case fatality (117 studies). RESULTS: The most significant predictor of PCP was per capita Gross Domestic Product, which showed strong linear association with odds of PCP diagnosis (p30%; treatment was largely appropriate. Prophylaxis appeared to reduce the risk for development of PCP, however 24% of children with PCP were receiving prophylaxis. CD4 counts at presentation with PCP were usually <200×10 3/ ml. CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive relationship between GDP and risk of PCP diagnosis. Although failure to diagnose infection in poorer countries may contribute to this, we also hypothesise that poverty exposes at-risk patients to a wide range of infections and that the relatively non-pathogenic P. jirovecii is therefore under-represented. As LMIC develop economically they eliminate the conditions underlying transmission of virulent infection: P. jirovecii , ubiquitous in all settings, then becomes a greater relative threat