392 research outputs found
Inhomogeneous nuclear spin polarization induced by helicity-modulated optical excitation of fluorine-bound electron spins in ZnSe
Optically-induced nuclear spin polarization in a fluorine-doped ZnSe epilayer
is studied by time-resolved Kerr rotation using resonant excitation of
donor-bound excitons. Excitation with helicity-modulated laser pulses results
in a transverse nuclear spin polarization, which is detected as a change of the
Larmor precession frequency of the donor-bound electron spins. The frequency
shift in dependence on the transverse magnetic field exhibits a pronounced
dispersion-like shape with resonances at the fields of nuclear magnetic
resonance of the constituent zinc and selenium isotopes. It is studied as a
function of external parameters, particularly of constant and radio frequency
external magnetic fields. The width of the resonance and its shape indicate a
strong spatial inhomogeneity of the nuclear spin polarization in the vicinity
of a fluorine donor. A mechanism of optically-induced nuclear spin polarization
is suggested based on the concept of resonant nuclear spin cooling driven by
the inhomogeneous Knight field of the donor-bound electron.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figure
Tailoring the electron and hole Land\'e factors in lead halide perovskite nanocrystals by quantum confinement and halide exchange
The tunability of the optical properties of lead halide perovskite
nanocrystals makes them highly appealing for applications. Both, halide anion
exchange and quantum confinement pave the way for tailoring their band gap
energy. For spintronics applications, the Land\'e g-factors of electrons and
hole are of great importance. By means of the empirical tight-binding and
methods, we calculate them for nanocrystals of the
class of all-inorganic lead halide perovskites CsPb (). The hole g-factor as function of the band
gap follows the universal dependence found for bulk perovskites, while for the
electrons a considerable modification is predicted. Based on the
analysis we conclude that this difference arises
from the interaction of the bottom conduction band with the spin-orbit split
electron states. The model predictions are confirmed by experimental data for
the electron and hole g-factors in CsPbI3 nanocrystals placed in a glass
matrix, measured by time-resolved Faraday ellipticity in a magnetic field at
cryogenic temperatures
Genetically engineered minipigs model the major clinical features of human neurofibromatosis type 1.
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in Neurofibromin 1 (NF1). NF1 patients present with a variety of clinical manifestations and are predisposed to cancer development. Many NF1 animal models have been developed, yet none display the spectrum of disease seen in patients and the translational impact of these models has been limited. We describe a minipig model that exhibits clinical hallmarks of NF1, including café au lait macules, neurofibromas, and optic pathway glioma. Spontaneous loss of heterozygosity is observed in this model, a phenomenon also described in NF1 patients. Oral administration of a mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor suppresses Ras signaling. To our knowledge, this model provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the complex biology and natural history of NF1 and could prove indispensable for development of imaging methods, biomarkers, and evaluation of safety and efficacy of NF1-targeted therapies
Effect of quantum group invariance on trapped Fermi gases
We study the properties of a thermodynamic system having the symmetry of a
quantum group and interacting with a harmonic potential. We calculate the
dependence of the chemical potential, heat capacity and spatial distribution of
the gas on the quantum group parameter and the number of spatial dimensions
. In addition, we consider a fourth-order interaction in the quantum group
fields , and calculate the ground state energy up to first order.Comment: LaTeX file, 20 pages, four figures, uses epsf.sty, packaged as a
single tar.gz uuencoded fil
"m=1" coatings for neutron guides
A substantial fraction of the price for a supermirror neutron guide system is the shielding, which is needed because of the gamma radiation produced as a result of neutron absorption in the supermirror layers. Traditional coatings have been made of nickel-titanium heterostructures, but Ni and Ti also have a fairly high absorption cross section for cold and thermal neutrons. We examine a number of alternatives to Ni as part of a study to reduce the gamma radiation from neutron guides. Materials such as diamond and Be have higher neutron scattering density than Ni, smaller absorption cross section, and when a neutron is absorbed they emit gamma photons with lower energies. We present reflectivity data comparing Ni with Be and preliminary results from diamond coatings showing there use as neutron guide coatings. Calculations show that Be and diamond coatings emit two orders of magnitude fewer gamma photons compared to Ni, mainly because of the lower absorption cross section
Recovery of Dirac system from the rectangular Weyl matrix function
Weyl theory for Dirac systems with rectangular matrix potentials is
non-classical. The corresponding Weyl functions are rectangular matrix
functions. Furthermore, they are non-expansive in the upper semi-plane. Inverse
problems are treated for such Weyl functions, and some results are new even for
the square Weyl functions. High energy asymptotics of Weyl functions and
Borg-Marchenko type uniqueness results are derived too
"m=1" coatings for neutron guides
A substantial fraction of the price for a supermirror neutron guide system is the shielding, which is needed because of the gamma radiation produced as a result of neutron absorption in the supermirror layers. Traditional coatings have been made of nickel-titanium heterostructures, but Ni and Ti also have a fairly high absorption cross section for cold and thermal neutrons. We examine a number of alternatives to Ni as part of a study to reduce the gamma radiation from neutron guides. Materials such as diamond and Be have higher neutron scattering density than Ni, smaller absorption cross section, and when a neutron is absorbed they emit gamma photons with lower energies. We present reflectivity data comparing Ni with Be and preliminary results from diamond coatings showing there use as neutron guide coatings. Calculations show that Be and diamond coatings emit two orders of magnitude fewer gamma photons compared to Ni, mainly because of the lower absorption cross section
The Landé factors of electrons and holes in lead halide perovskites: universal dependence on the band gap
The Landé or g-factors of charge carriers are decisive for the spin-dependent phenomena in solids and provide also information about the underlying electronic band structure. We present a comprehensive set of experimental data for values and anisotropies of the electron and hole Landé factors in hybrid organic-inorganic (MAPbI3, MAPb(Br0.5Cl0.5)3, MAPb(Br0.05Cl0.95)3, FAPbBr3, FA0.9Cs0.1PbI2.8Br0.2, MA=methylammonium and FA=formamidinium) and all-inorganic (CsPbBr3) lead halide perovskites, determined by pump-probe Kerr rotation and spin-flip Raman scattering in magnetic fields up to 10 T at cryogenic temperatures. Further, we use first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations in combination with tight-binding and k ⋅ p approaches to calculate microscopically the Landé factors. The results demonstrate their universal dependence on the band gap energy across the different perovskite material classes, which can be summarized in a universal semi-phenomenological expression, in good agreement with experiment
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