Redox control of multidrug resistance and Its possible modulation by antioxidants

Clinical efficacy of anticancer chemotherapies is dramatically hampered by multidrug resistance (MDR) dependent on inherited traits, acquired defence against toxins, and adaptive mechanisms mounting in tumours. There is overwhelming evidence that molecular events leading to MDR are regulated by redox mechanisms. For example, chemotherapeutics which overrun the first obstacle of redox-regulated cellular uptake channels (MDR1, MDR2, and MDR3) induce a concerted action of phase I/II metabolic enzymes with a temporal redox-regulated axis. This results in rapid metabolic transformation and elimination of a toxin. This metabolic axis is tightly interconnected with the inducible Nrf2-linked pathway, a key switch-on mechanism for upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and detoxifying systems. As a result, chemotherapeutics and cytotoxic by-products of their metabolism (ROS, hydroperoxides, and aldehydes) are inactivated and MDR occurs. On the other hand, tumour cells are capable of mounting an adaptive antioxidant response against ROS produced by chemotherapeutics and host immune cells. The multiple redox-dependent mechanisms involved in MDR prompted suggesting redox-active drugs (antioxidants and prooxidants) or inhibitors of inducible antioxidant defence as a novel approach to diminish MDR. Pitfalls and progress in this direction are discussed

Special Problems for Prosecutors in Public Corruption Prosecutions

The focus of this panel is not so much on the academic part of McDonnell, the case law. Of course, you’ll hear the name McDonnell and we’ll talk about that. But we’re trying to talk a little more broadly about public corruption prosecutions in general. Some of these are unique issues. You heard a little bit about them from the former people who have done them, what special unique problems are involved in them and challenges the prosecutors face and what effect, if any

The Case for Comparative Contribution in Florida

This article examines the recently enacted Uniform Contribution Among Tortfeasors Act in Florida. After briefly discussing the common law doctrine of no contribution and efforts to alleviate such a harsh rule, the authors focus on the serious conflicts between the new statute and the underlying equitable principles of Hoffman v. Jones. In particular, the pro rata sharing of liability, the settlement, and the release provisions of the statute are criticized as not allocating the ultimate liability of the tortfeasors based on their relative degrees of fault. The authors suggest that a legislative change regarding these provisions is warranted so as to maintain a consistent and equitable apportionment system for everyone

Analysis of the length weight relationships for the Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.)

The recently adopted models by ICCAT Standing Committee on Research and Statistics (SCRS) for the Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT), Thunnus thynnus (L.) (RW= 0.0000159137 SFL^3.020584, WEST; and RW= 0.0000315551 SFL^2.898454, EAST ), together with the models used to date (RW= 0.0000152 SFL^3.0531, for western stock; and RW= 0.000019607 SFL^3.0092, for eastern stock) and an alternative model for the eastern stock (RW= 0.0000188SFL^3.01247), are analyzed in using bi variant samples (SFL (cm), RW (kg)) of 698 pairs of data (K= 2.02 ± 0.23 SD, western stock) and 474 pairs of data (K= 2.03 ± 0.15 SD, eastern stock) with the aim of validating them and establishing which model best fit the reality represented by the samples and, therefore, will have the greatest descriptive and predictive power. The result of the analysis indicates that the adopted models WEST and EAST clearly underestimates the weight of spawning ABFT being the models used to date, as well as the alternative model presented in this paper, that best explains the data of the samples. The result of the classical statistical analysis is confirmed by means of the quantile regression technique, selecting the quantiles 5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 95%. Other biological and fisheries indicators also conclude that the models WEST and EAST gradually underestimates the weight of ABFT spawners (of 2 3 m) by 8 14%; the average value of K (1.78 and 1.82) obtained for spawners (> 140 cm), using the adopted models, represents ABFT in low fattening condition; and the evolution of K throughout the year, by using the monthly L-W adopted models, does not represent the significant increase in weight that ABFT experiences in nature between August and December.Cort, JL.; Estruch, VD. (2016). Analysis of the length weight relationships for the Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.). Collective Volume of Scientific Papers. 154:1-38. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/78955S13815

Waiting

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The Search for Good Lawyering: A Concept and Model of Lawyering Competencies

Every task performed by a lawyer can be analyzed and evaluated as a manifestation of that lawyer\u27s underlying abilities. A system for analyzing these tasks, when conducted in a valid and consistent manner, could eventually result in the creation of standards for all legal education, ranging from teaching methods and curriculum design to questions of student retention and lawyer certification. The Competency-Based Task Force of the Antioch School of Law has been working on such a system for six years and believes that a workable model has been developed. The purpose of this article is to describe and explain that model, and to give some examples of its uses

The Marriage Game

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Sweet Little Stranger

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/4064/thumbnail.jp