811 research outputs found
Pure Spinor Integration from the Collating Formula
We use the technique developed by Becchi and Imbimbo to construct a
well-defined BRST-invariant path integral formulation of pure spinor
amplitudes. The space of pure spinors can be viewed from the algebraic geometry
point of view as a collection of open sets where the constraints can be solved
and a free independent set of variables can be defined. On the intersections of
those open sets, the functional measure jumps and one has to add boundary terms
to construct a well-defined path integral. The result is the definition of the
pure spinor integration measure constructed in term of differential forms on
each single patch.Comment: 22 page
Boomerang returns unexpectedly
Experimental study of the anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
is gathering momentum. The eagerly awaited Boomerang results have lived up to
expectations. They provide convincing evidence in favor of the standard
paradigm: the Universe is close to flat and with primordial fluctuations which
are redolent of inflation. Further scrutiny reveals something even more
exciting however -- two hints that there may be some unforeseen physical
effects. Firstly the primary acoustic peak appears at slightly larger scales
than expected. Although this may be explicable through a combination of mundane
effects, we suggest it is also prudent to consider the possibility that the
Universe might be marginally closed. The other hint is provided by a second
peak which appears less prominent than expected. This may indicate one of a
number of possibilities, including increased damping length or tilted initial
conditions, but also breaking of coherence or features in the initial power
spectrum. Further data should test whether the current concordance model needs
only to be tweaked, or to be enhanced in some fundamental way.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, final version accepted by Ap
Maximally Supersymmetric Yang-Mills in five dimensions in light-cone superspace
We formulate maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in five dimensions in
light-cone superspace. The light-cone Hamiltonian is of the quadratic form and
the theory can be understood as an oxidation of the N=4 Super Yang-Mills Theory
in four dimensions. We specifically study three-point counterterms and show how
these counterterms vanish on-shell. This study is a preliminary to set up the
technique in order to study possible four-point counterterms.Comment: 25 pages, typos corrected, references adde
X-ray polarization in relativistic jets
We investigate the polarization properties of Comptonized X-rays from relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei (AGN) using Monte Carlo simulations. We consider three scenarios commonly proposed for the observed X-ray emission in AGN: Compton scattering of blackbody photons emitted from an accretion disc; scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons and self-Comptonization of intrinsically polarized synchrotron photons emitted by jet electrons. Our simulations show that for Comptonization of disc and CMB photons, the degree of polarization of the scattered photons increases with the viewing inclination angle with respect to the jet axis. In both cases, the maximum linear polarization is â20 per cent. In the case of synchrotron self-Comptonization (SSC), we find that the resulting X-ray polarization depends strongly on the seed synchrotron photon injection site, with typical fractional polarizations Pâ 10â20 per cent when synchrotron emission is localized near the jet base, while Pâ 20â70 per cent for the case of uniform emission throughout the jet. These results indicate that X-ray polarimetry may be capable of providing unique clues to identify the location of particle acceleration sites in relativistic jets. In particular, if synchrotron photons are emitted quasi-uniformly throughout a jet, then the observed degree of X-ray polarization may be sufficiently different for each of the competing X-ray emission mechanisms (synchrotron, SSC or external Comptonization) to determine which is the dominant process. However, X-ray polarimetry alone is unlikely to be able to distinguish between disc and CMB Comptonization
Localization of a gene for migraine without aura to chromosome 4q21.
To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links fieldMigraine is a common form of headache and has a significant genetic component. Here, we report linkage results from a study in Iceland of migraine without aura (MO). The study group comprised patients with migraine recruited by neurologists and from the registry of the Icelandic Migraine Society, as well as through the use of a questionnaire sent to a random sample of 20,000 Icelanders. Migraine diagnoses were made and confirmed using diagnostic criteria established by the International Headache Society. A genome-wide scan with multipoint allele-sharing methods was performed on 289 patients suffering from MO. Linkage was observed to a locus on chromosome 4q21 (LOD=2.05; P=.001). The locus reported here overlaps a locus (MGR1) reported elsewhere for patients with migraine with aura (MA) in the Finnish population. This replication of the MGR1 locus in families with MO indicates that the gene we have mapped may contribute to both MA and MO. Further analysis indicates that the linkage evidence improves for affected females and, especially, with a slightly relaxed definition of MO (LOD=4.08; P=7.2 x 10(-6))
The D^{2k} R^4 Invariants of N=8 Supergravity
The existence of a linearized SUSY invariant for N=8 supergravity whose
gravitational components are usually called R^4 was established long ago by
on-shell superspace arguments. Superspace and string theory methods have also
established analogous higher dimensional D^{2k} R^4 invariants. However, very
little is known about the SUSY completions of these operators which involve
other fields of the theory. In this paper we find the detailed component
expansion of the linearized R^4 invariant starting from the corresponding
superamplitude which generates all component matrix elements of the operator.
It is then quite straightforward to extend results to the entire set of D^{2k}
R^4 operators.Comment: 17 page
The variable X-ray light curve of GRB 050713A: the case of refreshed shocks
We present a detailed study of the spectral and temporal properties of the
X-ray and optical emission of GRB050713a up to 0.5 day after the main GRB
event. The X-ray light curve exhibits large amplitude variations with several
rebrightenings superposed on the underlying three-segment broken powerlaw that
is often seen in Swift GRBs. Our time-resolved spectral analysis supports the
interpretation of a long-lived central engine, with rebrightenings consistent
with energy injection in refreshed shocks as slower shells generated in the
central engine prompt phase catch up with the afterglow shock at later times.
Our sparsely-sampled light curve of the optical afterglow can be fitted with a
single power law without large flares. The optical decay index appears flatter
than the X-ray one, especially at later times.Comment: few changes, to be published in A&
A Case of Drug-Induced Hepatitis due to Lenalidomide
Lenalidomide is a recent thalidomide analog used for the treatment of refractory multiple myeloma. The main toxicity of this drug consists in severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Lenalidomide-associated liver injury is rare, manifesting itself as elevated liver enzymes and hyperbilirubinemia reversible upon weeks after drug withdrawal. We report here in detail the clinical course as well as the biological and histological alterations of an acute lenalidomide-induced liver injury. Findings on liver biopsy allowed us to discriminate acute inflammatory changes due to the drug and minor associated lesions of graft-versus-host disease in this patient with recurrent myeloma after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
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