Vom Bilderbuch zum Film und vom Film zum Bilderbuch: Medienüberschreitung am Beispiel von Märchen

The paper focuses on the adaptation of retellings of the story of Little Red Riding Hood from picture book/picturebook to film and film to picturebook. The author considers several revisionings of the popular tale which underwent intermedial transformation in the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s in Switzerland, France, and Norway respectively. These works demonstrate the range of techniques used over a period of three decades to cross media with fairy tales. Despite the differences in approach, technique, media, and direction of the adaptation, all these recastings of the age-old tale appeal to a crossover audience of children and adults. This is no doubt a reflection of an ever more visually-oriented society in which age is less of a defining category.Rad razmatra prilagodbu različitih inačica priče o Crvenkapici iz slikovnice na film i s filma u slikovnicu. Autorica raščlanjuje nekoliko preradbi popularne priče koja je bila podvrgnuta intermedijalnoj preobrazbi 1980-ih godina u Švicarskoj, 1990-ih u Francuskoj te u prvome desetljeću dvadeset i prvoga stoljeća u Norveškoj. U analiziranim djelima otkriva se raspon tehnika prenošenja bajki iz medija u medij koje su se manifestirale tijekom triju desetljeća. Usprkos razlikama u pristupu, tehnici, medijima, kao i smjeru prilagodbe, svi ti novi oblici drevne priče privlače ukriženu publiku djece i odraslih. To je bez dvojbe odraz društva koje sve više postaje vizualno usmjereno, pri čemu dob sve rjeđe ima presudnu ulogu.Im Beitrag werden die Adaptionen unterschiedlicher Wiedererzählungen der Rotkäppchen- Geschichte besprochen, wie sie aus dem Medium Bilderbuch in das Medium Film und zurück übertragen werden. Die Autorin untersucht Bearbeitungen und intermediale Transformationen dieser populären Geschichte, wie sie in den 1980er, 1990er und 2000er Jahre in der Schweiz, in Frankreich und Norwegen vorgenommen wurden. Diese offenbaren die gesamte Bandbreite an angewandten Techniken zur Übertragung von Märchen in andere Medien während drei Jahrzehnten. Alle neuen Varianten der traditionsreichen Geschichte sprechen, ungeachtet ihrer unterschiedlichen Zugangsweisen, angewandten Techniken sowie Medien und Adaptionsrichtungen, ein aus Kinder und Erwachsenen bestehendes Crossover-Publikum an. Es scheint sich dabei um die Folgeerscheinung einer zunehmend visuell ausgerichteten Gesellschaft zu handeln, in der das Alter immer weniger bestimmend ist

Effect of Temperature Variation on the Structural Capacity of a Multi-Span Horizontally Curved Steel I-Girder Bridge

Horizontally curved steel I-girder bridges have become a popular bridge design choice among bridge engineers. The current level of knowledge regarding the design and analysis of curved I-girder bridges under thermal loading is incomplete. The thermal expansion of curved bridges is rather complicated and current standards provide little guidance when designing a bearing plan to prevent the development of thermal stresses and out-of-plane distortional behavior. Thermal stresses, in the form of axial compressive stresses, will develop if thermal expansion is constrained. This study examines the effect of different bearing arrangements on the development of thermal stresses and out-of-plane web distortions in a newly constructed bridge located in West Virginia. Three dimensional finite element modeling and analysis is performed in order to predict bridge response. The research shows that uniform thermal loading significantly increases the magnitude of out-of-plane web distortions. Finite element modeling also shows that very significant levels of thermal stress develop in the curved steel I-girders, consuming a considerable percentage of the bridge\u27s total capacity. The web distortions and thermal stresses will result in major serviceability issues, shortening the life of the structure. However, this behavior is largely eliminated with the implementation of a new bearing arrangement, which removes the constraints from the original bearing plan

Addressing Barriers to Minority Ethnic Students’ Learning in a Performative Culture: Possible or Aan u SuuraGelin? Niemożliwe? Nemoguće? ناممکن?

© 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York. This article, written by a research-active teacher of English with an academic partner, recounts the circumstances of forging a partnership way of working in an urban high school that is consistently targeted for closure in the north of England. This is connected to performance and achievement against Ofsted inspection criteria and school data benchmarked against national data. The article proceeds with a recollection of the teacher’s battle for professional recognition when it comes to the intellectual and practical arguments for curriculum and classroom practices that are tailored to the learning needs of different minority ethnic students, who have to negotiate language barriers to schooling. This more professional view of what is to be done draws on evidence built up in the course of a teacher inquiry project, which needed the sanction of the School Improvement Officer assigned by the Local Authority, who recommended a focus on achievement in the teacher’s bottom set Year 7 English class. The experience points toward research-informed teaching, which stands in marked distinction to being compelled to ‘teach to the test’ in classes that are set. The article illustrates a union argument that teachers’ professional responsibilities are linked to a struggle to reclaim the right to make professional decisions

Soft error rate estimation in deep sub-micron CMOS

Soft errors resulting from the impact of charged particles are emerging as a major issue in the design of reliable circuits at deep sub-micron dimensions. In this paper, we model the sensitivity of individual circuit classes to single event upsets using predictive technology models over a range of CMOS device sizes from 90 nm down to 32 nm. Modeling the relative position of particle strikes as injected current pulses of varying amplitude and fall time, we find that the critical charge for each technology is an almost linear function both of the fall time of the injected current and the supply voltage. This simple relationship will simplify the task of estimating circuit-level soft error rate (SER) and support the development of an efficient SER modeling and optimization tool that might eventually be integrated into a high level language design flow

Smoking, dementia and cognitive decline in the elderly, a systematic review.

Background. Nicotine may aid reaction time, learning and memory, but smoking increases cardiovascular risk. Cardiovascular risk factors have been linked to increased risk of dementia. A previous meta-analysis found that current smokers were at higher risk of subsequent dementia, Alzheimers disease, vascular dementia and cognitive decline. Methods. In order to update and examine this further a systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out using different search and inclusion criteria, database selection and more recent publications. Both reviews were restricted to those aged 65 and over. Results. The review reported here found a significantly increased risk of Alzheimers disease with current smoking and a likely but not significantly increased risk of vascular dementia, dementia unspecified and cognitive decline. Neither review found clear relationships with former smoking. Conclusion. Current smoking increases risk of Alzheimers disease and may increase risk of other dementias. This reinforces need for smoking cessation, particularly aged 65 and over. Nicotine alone needs further investigation. © 2008 Peters et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

A learning laboratory approach for business improvement : the case of discontinuous innovation

This paper considers the current situation within Australian manufacturing SMEs and their approaches to innovation and international competitive advantage. Using the viewpoint and language of complexity theory, we consider the variety of possibilities available to SMEs in this area. We then consider a particular international project on Discontinuous Innovation, how this has been deployed in Europe and Australia and the knowledge gained from our interactions with Australian SMEs to date around this project. Finally we consider the general development of a &ldquo;Learning Laboratory&rdquo; approach to working with SMEs and the differences required to make such approach successful in Europe and in different settings in Australia.<br /

Mechanisms by which circadian rhythm disruption may lead to cancer

Humans have evolved in a rhythmic environment and display daily (circadian) rhythms in physiology, metabolism and behaviour that are in synchrony with the solar day. Modern lifestyles have compromised the exposure to bright light during the day and dark nights, resulting in the desynchronisation of endogenously generated circadian rhythms from the external environment and loss of coordination between rhythms within the body. This has detrimental effects on physical and mental health, due to the misregulation and uncoupling of important cellular and physiological processes. Long-term shift workers who are exposed to bright light at night experience the greatest disruption of their circadian rhythms. Studies have shown an association between exposure to light at night, circadian rhythm disruption and an increased risk of cancer. Previous reviews have explored the relevance of light and melatonin in cancer, but here we explore the correlation of circadian rhythm disruption and cancer in terms of molecular mechanisms affecting circadian gene expression and melatonin secretion

Development of a Tool to Assess Children’s Perceptions of Their Own Balance (The Pediatric Balance Perception Battery): A Pilot Study

Background: Psychosocial aspects of balance including self-perception, behaviors, and experiences, have been found to contribute to activity limitations and participation restrictions in adults. Clinical tools have been established to measure how adults feel about their own balance and the extent to which fear of falling and other related characteristics interfere with participation. There are no clinical tools presently available to explore these relationships and quantify the extent to which they interfere with activity and participation in children. Purpose: To develop and test reliability and validity of a tool to evaluate balance self-perception in a pediatric population. Participants: This sample of convenience of children (n=12), aged eight-14 years (mean = 10.17±2.08) included children with typical development (n=11) and a child diagnosed with Autism and age appropriate motor skills (n=1). Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of experts reviewed the Pediatric Balance Perception Battery (PBPB) for face and content validity. The finalized PBPB contained five main sections: balance confidence, fear of falling, consequences of falling, avoidance behavior, and fall catastrophizing. Test-retest reliability was determined by comparing the PBPB scores between two measurements that were performed approximately seven days apart. Construct validity was assessed by associating the PBPB with measures of 1) self-assessment of quality of life, 2) performance-based balance assessment, 3) endurance, and 4) activity level using Spearman\u27s Rank Correlations. Results: Face and content validity of the PBPB were supported by expert and stakeholder panelists. The PBPB had poor to moderate test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients: 0.27 - 0.69). Sections of the PBPB were significantly correlated with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Short Form 15 Generic Core Scales (PedQL-SF15), the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), and two measures of activity level. Average time to administer the PBPB was 8.65 minutes. Limitations: The small size and homogeneity of the present sample may limit the generalizability of findings. Conclusion: The current configuration of the PBPB questionnaire demonstrated acceptable face and content validity in children ages seven to 15 years. Poor to moderate test-retest reliability was found. Sections of the PBPB revealed significant evidence of construct validity with self-assessment of quality of life, performance-based balance assessment, and activity level. However, no evidence was found to support the construct validity of the PBPB in the remaining measures. Future large-scale research would be needed to determine the validity and reliability of this study cohort