The effects of domestic violence on women\u27s occupations

The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of being a victim of domestic violence on the occupations of women. Two major research questions were posed: 1. How does experiencing domestic violence affect a woman\u27s perception of her occupational identity? 2. How does experiencing domestic violence affect a woman\u27s perception of her occupational competence? [This is an excerpt from the abstract. For the complete abstract, please see the document.

Attentional Processes in Children\u27s Overt and Relational Aggression

This study examined attention and memory processes assumed by the social information–processing model to be biased in aggressive children. We also explored whether similar biases were associated with overt and relational ag-gression. A total of 96 fourth through sixth graders saw videos of overtly and relationally aggressive child actors and afterward recalled video content. Par-ticipants\u27 reaction times were also measured as they shifted attention from video content to neutral stimuli. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that, after controlling for processing of nonaggressive stimuli, peer-nominated relational aggression was significantly related to attention shifting and free recall for re-lationally aggressive videos; results were significant after controlling for overt aggression. Peer-nominated overt aggression was related to attention for overtly aggressive videos, but not when relational aggression was controlled. IQ and general attention problems did not explain results. The results suggest that rela- tionally aggressive children are particularly fixated on relationally aggressive events, perhaps because of the socially nuanced nature of relational aggression

L’absentéisme hospitalier au Québec : aspects culturels et socio-démographiques

Cet article porte sur certains aspects de l'absentéisme en milieu hospitalier au Québec. L'intérêt principal ici réside dans la remise en question de certaines pratiques analytiques.Research on sociodemographical and cultural determinants of work absenteeism has been plagued with empirically inconsistent results. It has been suggested that the failure to analyze the data beyond a simple linear bivariate approach, as well as insufficient levels of aggregation (eg: individual without organizational units) is possibly responsible for the inconsistencies.This study was designed to demonstrate these deficiencies. Although the study is limited in scope, an attempt has been made to compare and contrast the different results that could be obtained when a linear, as opposed to interactive, approach is used. And further, it raises many questions concerning the adequacy of published research which attributes absenteeism to sociodemographical characteristics without delving into the real complexity of this phenomenon.Four hundred seven (407) subjects employed in six Québec hospitals, representing a wide variety of occupations, participated in this study. Personal and sociodemographical characteristics were obtained from questionnaires administered in the course of another research project carried out by the authors.The results show a significant difference in absenteeism depending on the level and type of the analysis performed. For example, it is found that the mean absence rate for the ' 'Francophone hospitals" was significantly higher than that of the "Anglophone hospitals". Cultural reasons are advanced to explain these differences.At the individual level of analysis, several findings emerge. First, it is shown that sex is an important determinant of absence behavior. Such finding is consistent with other published results, which point out that women have significantly higher rates of absence than men. Yet, when further analysis is undertaken, the concomitant effects of other related sociodemographic variables are more clearly revealed. For example, married women are absent more often than single women while the opposite tendency is found for men. The combined effect of sex and marital status may point to an explanation of absenteeism in terms of "family social responsibility". This explanation differs from that which might be advanced based on the simple analysis of each of these variables treated independently. Further, bivariate analysis of absence by the level of education, shows an inverse relationship between these two variables. However, when the same analysis is repeated, adjusting for sex, it is found that women have systematically higher rates of absence in each category of education. Other relationships found for income, age and absenteeism are also discussed in the text.The implications of the results are discussed in terms of a research strategy for the conduct of a sociodemographical and cultural study of absenteeism

Facilitating the process of becoming an art therapist : a heuristic inquiry

This heuristic inquiry examines how the author's process of creating artwork has enhanced and accompanied her on-going development toward becoming an art therapist. Creative practice is both the subject matter of the research and part of the method of inquiry. Moustakas's stages of heuristic research are discussed, along with the use of art making as a useful means of exploring those stages. Theory and literature related to the use of art making as a part of art therapy education is presented along with art making for professional self-processing. Winnicott's theory of potential space is applied to the author's concept of creating a personal, sacred and reflective space through individual art making. Overall, this research project is about a process of self-discovery and of gaining a deeper understanding of the potential art making has as a vehicle for transformation

Direct and indirect genetic effects of a social supergene.

Indirect genetic effects describe phenotypic variation that results from differences in the genotypic composition of social partners. Such effects represent heritable sources of environmental variation in eusocial organisms because individuals are typically reared by their siblings. In the fire ant Solenopsis invicta, a social supergene exhibits striking indirect genetic effects on worker regulation of colony queen number, such that the genotypic composition of workers at the supergene determines whether colonies contain a single or multiple queens. We assessed the direct and indirect genetic effects of this supergene on gene expression in brains and abdominal tissues from laboratory-reared workers and compared these with previously published data from field-collected prereproductive queens. We found that direct genetic effects caused larger gene expression changes and were more consistent across tissue types and castes than indirect genetic effects. Indirect genetic effects influenced the expression of many loci but were generally restricted to the abdominal tissues. Further, indirect genetic effects were only detected when the genotypic composition of social partners differed throughout the development and adult life of focal workers, and were often only significant with relatively lenient statistical cutoffs. Our study provides insight into direct and indirect genetic effects of a social supergene on gene regulatory dynamics across tissues and castes in a complex society

Detection of the Galaxy Lensing the Doubly-imaged Quasar SBS 1520+530

H band observations with a spatial resolution of 0.15" carried out with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope adaptive optics system show a galaxy between the components of the double BAL quasar SBS 1520+530, thereby confirming this system as a gravitational lens. The galaxy is located 0.40" from the fainter of the two QSO images and is offset 0.12" from the line joining them. The H magnitude of the lensing galaxy is ~1 mag fainter than expected from the velocity dispersion derived for the lensing galaxy were it at z = 0.71 or z = 0.81, the redshifts of the two absorption line systems.Comment: 11 pages latex including one table and 2 postscript figures. Corrected typo. Accepted by AJ. Also available at http://www.hia.nrc.ca/science/preprint/preprint.htm