Evidence for succession and putative metabolic roles of fungi and bacteria in the farming mutualism of the ambrosia beetle Xyleborus affinis

The bacterial and fungal community involved in ambrosia beetle fungiculture remains poorly studied compared to the famous fungus-farming ants and termites. Here we studied microbial community dynamics of laboratory nests, adults, and brood during the life cycle of the sugarcane shot hole borer, Xyleborus affinis. We identified a total of 40 fungal and 428 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), from which only five fungi (a Raffaelea fungus and four ascomycete yeasts) and four bacterial genera (Stenotrophomonas, Enterobacter, Burkholderia, and Ochrobactrum) can be considered the core community playing the most relevant symbiotic role. Both the fungal and bacterial populations varied significantly during the beetle’s life cycle. While the ascomycete yeasts were the main colonizers of the gallery early on, the Raffaelea and other filamentous fungi appeared after day 10, at the time when larval hatching happened. Regarding bacteria, Stenotrophomonas and Enterobacter dominated overall but decreased in foundresses and brood with age. Finally, inferred analyses of the putative metabolic capabilities of the bacterial microbiome revealed that they are involved in (i) degradation of fungal and plant polymers, (ii) fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, and (iii) essential amino acid, cofactor, and vitamin provisioning. Overall, our results suggest that yeasts and bacteria are more strongly involved in supporting the beetle-fungus farming symbiosis than previously thought.Research reported in this publication was supported by CONACyT-FORDECYT number 292399, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under award numbers SAF2015-65878-R and PGC2018-099344-B-I00, cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and from Generalitat Valenciana (project Prometeo/2018/A133). P.H.W.B. was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG Emmy Noether grant BI 1956/1-1).Peer reviewe

7th Drug hypersensitivity meeting: part two

No abstract availabl

Registro ACESUR: atención de pacientes adultos con crisis epilépticas en servicios de urgencias: diferencias entre primer episodio y recurrencia

Objetivo. Describir las características y la atención recibida de pacientes adultos que consultan por crisis epiléptica (CE) en los servicios de urgencias hospitalarios (SUH), diferenciando entre primera crisis y recurrencia en epiléptico conocido. Método. ACESUR es un registro observacional de cohortes multipropósito, prospectivo y multicéntrico con un muestreo sistemático, los días pares de febrero y julio alternando con los impares de abril y octubre de 2017. Se incluyeron pacientes 18 años con diagnóstico de CE en los SUH. Se recogieron variables clínico-asistenciales de la visita índice de pacientes, distinguiendo entre primera CE y recurrencia en epiléptico. Resultados. El registro ACESUR recogió a 664 pacientes procedentes de 18 SUH españoles, 229 (34, 5%) con primera CE y 435 (65, 5%) con CE recurrentes. Los pacientes con primera CE fueron de mayor edad (p < 0, 001), presentaron motivos de consulta distintos (p < 0, 001) y requirieron más traslados en ambulancia (p < 0, 001). La atención recibida en el SUH fue diferente, en pacientes con primera CE se solicitó con mayor probabilidad una prueba complementaria específica (OR ajustada = 13, 94; IC95%:7, 29-26, 7; p < 0, 001) y se necesitó mayor hospitalización o estancia prolongada en el SUH (OR ajustada = 1, 69; IC95%:1, 11-2, 58; p = 0, 015). No hubo diferencias en cuanto al tratamiento farmacológico en fase aguda ni preventivo (OR ajustada = 1, 40; IC95%:0, 94-2, 09; p = 0, 096). Se inició tratamiento con fármacos antiepiépticos (FAE) en 100 pacientes (43, 7%) tras primera CE y se reinició o modificó añadiendo nuevo FAE en 142 pacientes (32, 6%) con CE recurrentes. Conclusiones. Las características clínicas y la atención recibida de pacientes adultos con primera CE en SUH en España difieren de las recurrencias en epiléptico conocido. Objective. To describe the characteristics of care received by patients who come to the emergency department with a first epileptic seizure versus a recurrent seizure in a patient with diagnosed epilepsy. Methods. ACESUR (Acute Epileptic Seizures in the Emergency Department) is a prospective multicenter, multipurpose registry of cases obtained by systematic sampling on even days in February and July 2017 and on odd days in April and October 2017. Patients were aged 18 years or older and had an emergency department diagnosis of epileptic seizure. We recorded clinical variables and details related to care given during each patient''s visit, including whether the event was a first or recurrent seizure. Results. A total of 664 patients attended by 18 Spanish emergency departments were entered into the ACESUR registry. Two hundred twenty-nine (34.5%) were first seizures and 435 (65.5%) were recurrences. Patients who were attended for first seizures were older, consulted for a wider variety of reasons, and were transported in ambulances (P<.001, all comparisons). Care received differed between patients with first seizures versus recurrent seizures. Specific complementary testing was more likely in patients with first seizures (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 13.94; 95% CI, 29-26.7; P<.001), and they were more often hospitalized or stayed longer in the emergency department, (aOR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.11-2.58; P=.015). Pharmacologic treatment did not differ between the groups, either in the acute phase or for prevention (aOR, 1.40; 95% CI, 0.94-2.09; P=.096). Antiepileptic drugs were given to 100 patients (43.7%) after a first seizure and were restarted or changed in 142 patients with recurrent seizure (32.6%). Conclusions. The clinical characteristics of adults attended for a first epileptic seizure differ from those of patients with diagnosed epilepsy who were attended for recurrent seizures in Spain. The care received also differs

Combined effects of land use and hunting on distributions of tropical mammals

Contains fulltext : 216955.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)9 januari 202

A regression-based model to predict chemical migration fom packaging to food

Contains fulltext : 228861.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access

Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis

Contains fulltext : 235932.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access

Data of "Conditional love? Co-occurrence patterns of drought-sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress gradient hypothesis"

This dataset was developed for our study on the spatial associations between plant species along a drought gradient in European grasslands. We obtained species occurrences for 161 species from the European Vegetation Archives for 20,722 georeferenced vegetation plots located in dry grasslands across Europe. We also extracted a set of environmental variables from various sources for each vegetation plot. This data was used in a context-dependent Joint Species Distribution Model (JSDMs) to determine how the residual spatial associations (i.e. spatial associations that can’t be explained from the included environmental predictors) shift along a drought gradient. We compared the observed shifts in spatial associations with expectations from the stress-gradient hypothesis while accounting for differences in species’ drought tolerance. The results of this research are published in: de Jonge, M. M., Benítez‐López, A., Hennekens, S., Santini, L., Huijbregts, M. A., & Schipper, A. M. (2021). Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 30(8), 1609-1620. The data and associated code used in this study are publicly available in an archived GitHub repository: https://github.com/MelindadeJonge/ConditionalLove In this repository we provide only the processed data from this study because the original data was gathered from existing open access and semi-open access databases. Original data from this project was gathered from the following databases: ●European Vegetation Archives (project no. 44) ●CHELSA Climatologies dataset v.1.4 ●SoilGrids1km ●Species’ Ellenberg values for soil moisture Data files The processed data is stored in 4 files ●2021_deJonge_PlotInfo.csv: This file contains spatial and plot-level information for all 20,722 vegetation plots used in this study. Vegetation plots are identified by their unique plotID numbers. ●2021_deJonge_Occurrences.csv: This file contains the presences/absence matrix of all 161 species (columns) in the vegetation plots (rows) included in this analysis. The first column contains the plotID. ●2021_deJonge_Predictors.csv: This file contains the corresponding bioclimatic (minimum temperature of the coldest month, climatic water deficit, precipitation seasonality) and soil variables (organic carbon content, cation exchange capacity, pH) for each vegetation plot. ●2021_deJonge_SpeciesList.csv: This file contains the latin name, Ellenberg value for soil moisture and taxonomic information associated with all 161 species included in the study. Additional information An overview of the definitions and units of the variables in each file is given in the codebook: “2021_deJonge_Codebook.pdf” A description of the methodology used to obtain the processed data is given in ‘2021_deJonge_Methodology.pdf” A list of the original datasets obtained from the European Vegetation Archives together with their respective data custodians and the number of plots included in this analyses is given in “2021_deJonge_Custodians.pdf