Evaluation of the reproductive process as the cause for low fruit set in two japanese plum cultivars

The reproductive process has been evaluated to ascertain the causes of low fruit set in two Japanese plum cultivars, ‘Sweet August’ and ‘Rubirosa’. In order to evaluate pollen germination, pollen-pistil incompatibility and ovule viability, different experiments were performed in orchard conditions. Pollen viability was determined by assessing the percentage of in vitro pollen germination. The self-(in)compatibility of both cultivars and their cross-compatibility with ‘Champion’ were examined by self- and cross-pollination experiments followed by observation of pollen tube growth under the microscope. Likewise, the S-RNase alleles of each cultivar were determined by PCR amplification of the S-RNase gene. Finally, ovule development was examined under the microscope. While ‘Sweet August’ behaved as self-incompatible, ‘Rubirosa’ appears to be self-compatible. The observation of pollen germination and pollen tube growth in the different crosses analysed showed that fruit set was not limited by the absence of compatible pollen. However, a high percentage of degenerated ovules were observed in flowers from both cultivars. This premature ovule degeneration is likely to be the cause of low fruit set in both cultivars.Peer ReviewedsterilityS-allelefruit dropPrunus salicina Lindlovule degenerationpollinationPublishe

S-genotyping in Japanese plum by PCR and capillary gel electrophoresis detection

In this work a PCR S-genotyping method using capillary electrophoresis detection was assayed in Japanese plum. Sweet cherry primers designed for S-RNase and SFB intron length polymorphism detection by capillary electrophoresis were evaluated in Japanese plum cultivars. Amplification of both genes was successful and amplified sizes were correlated with Japanese plum S-alleles. The S-RNase genotype of 58 Japanese plum type cultivars previously determined by other methods was confirmed using this technology and the SFB alleles of these cultivars were also determined. Allele sizes of both genes are reported for 13 different S-alleles found in Japanese plum and will allow efficient S-genotype characterization in this species.Peer Reviewedgamenophytic self-incompatibilityS-RNaseSFBS-allelePrunus salicina LindlPublishe

Integrating the Coffee Culture with the Teaching of English Integración de la cultura cafetera con la enseñanza del inglés

The present article gives account of the results of a research project developed at the University of Caldas with a group of preservice teachers and advisors. The purpose of the work was to sensitize the academic community about the importance of rescuing the cultural identity of rural school students. To achieve this goal, advisors and preservice teachers innovated the school curriculum by integrating the coffee culture to the English program. The study revealed that preservice teachers became skillful at designing content-based tasks that were more meaningful for the students; likewise, they became more sensitive to the problems that affected rural students and their families. It was also found that these students became aware of the commitment they had with the region and its surroundings; furthermore, because classes were more appealing, their motivation increased significantly. Key words: Cultural integration, curriculum, preservice teacher, foreign language teaching-learning process, rural school Este artículo da cuenta de los resultados de una investigación desarrollada en la Universidad de Caldas con un grupo de educadores en formación y sus asesoras, con el fin de sensibilizar a la comunidad académica sobre la importancia de rescatar la identidad cultural de los estudiantes de las escuelas rurales. Para lograr este objetivo, las asesoras y educadores en formación realizaron innovaciones en el currículo al integrar la cultura cafetera a los contenidos de los cursos de inglés. El estudio demostró que los docentes en formación desarrollaron habilidades para diseñar actividades que integraran los contenidos de inglés con la cultura cafetera y que fueran más significativas para los estudiantes. Asimismo, se mostraron más sensibles hacia los problemas que afectaban a los estudiantes y a sus familias. Se encontró también que los estudiantes de las escuelas rurales se concientizaron acerca del compromiso que debían tener con la región y sus alrededores. Puesto que las clases fueron más atractivas, los niveles de motivación de los estudiantes incrementaron significativamente. Palabras clave: Integración cultural, currículo, practicante, procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera, escuela rural * E-mail: [email protected] ** E-mail: [email protected] *** E-mail: [email protected]. Introduction One of the most recent innovations in the curriculum of teacher preparation at the University of Caldas in Manizales has been the design of an educational project whose main purpose is to improve the quality of the learning and teaching process. This project is developed along the teaching practicum, and it was completed during the last academic year in different schools of the region. The practicum model in the Modern Languages program requires the formation of small collaborative groups of 4 or 5 students and advisors with experience in doing educational research. Collaborative groups of this kind allow all the participants to learn, teach and carry out research simultaneously. Considering the importance that B.A. programs have in state universities for the formation of highly qualified teachers, a group of practicum advisors from the Modern Language Program of the University of Caldas started questioning themselves about ways to improve preservice teachers' performance in rural institutions, where they were carrying out their teaching practicum. Thus, being aware of the fact that the curricula must respond to the social, political, economic and cultural necessities of the country and the region, advisors began to make preservice teachers aware of the importance of comprehending the relationship between the rural context and the teaching-learning processes of a foreign language. At the same time, preservice teachers were instructed to design contextualized English classes in those rural institutions in order to transform the current social, cultural and educational situation. Thus, the relationship amongst language, learning and culture was constantly enhanced. The project "Integrating the Coffee Culture with the Teaching of English" arose from the importance of rescuing rural students' roots and origin, and the need for rescuing their cultural identity. Researchers are aware that people from rural areas have adopted new patterns and lifestyles which have been imposed on them through the modernization of their society. Moreover, considering that the teaching of a language requires the learning of culture, lessons were designed including contents associated with the coffee culture

Aplicación de tecnologías para el aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos en el centro agropecuario y biotecnología el porvenir

El libro describen tecnologías amigables con el medio ambiente para el aprovechamiento de registros solidos obtenidos en el Centro Agropecuario y Biotecnología El Porvenir del SENA, se definen conceptos asociados al uso eficiente y sostenible de sus residuos sólidos, clasificación de residuos sólidos, caracterización en el centro, separación, acopio y aprovechamiento de residuos orgánicos e inorgánicosThe book describes environmentally friendly technologies for the use of solid records obtained at the El Porvenir Agricultural and Biotechnology Center of SENA, concepts associated with the efficient and sustainable use of their solid waste, classification of solid waste, characterization in the center are defined , separation, storage and use of organic and inorganic wasteDefiniciones básicas -- Residuos sólidos -- Caracterización de los residuos sólidos en el Centro Agropecuario y de Biotecnología el Porvenir -- Separación de la fuente -- Aprovechamiento de residuos inorgánicos (Plástico, papel y carbón)na50 página

Diversidad alélicas y relaciones de parentesco en cultivares de ciruelo japonés

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Consecutive Expansion of Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells from a Single Limbal Biopsy

Producción CientíficaPurpose: Corneal epithelium is maintained by limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs), the loss of which can be catastrophic for corneal transparency. Effective therapies include the transplantation of cultivated LESCs, requiring optimization of in vitro cultivation protocols. Unfortunately, optimization studies are hampered by the limited number of ocular tissue donors. We investigated the feasibility of obtaining more than one limbal primary culture (LPC) from the same 1-2 mm2 limbal explant (LE). Methods: LEs were plated and maintained until outgrowth surrounded each, being removed at this point. LPCs were allowed to reach confluence (LPC0). The same removed LE was plated again, following the same procedure, obtaining LPC1. This procedure was repeated as often as possible up to 6 times. LPCs from each passage were analysed by real time RT-PCR and immunofluorescence-microscopy. Results: LPCs from LPC0 to LPC2 presented an heterogeneous cell population, with cells positive for LESC markers K14, K15, ABCG2 and p63, differentiated corneal epithelial cell-specific markers K3 and K12, and for the fibroblast marker S100A4. These cells had an epithelial-like morphology. In LPC3-LPC4, elongated cell morphology appeared, and the presence of LESC markers decreased, while the presence of differentiated corneal epithelial-cell and fibroblast markers increased. Conclusion: one LE can be successfully cultivated up to three consecutive times while maintaining the LESC phenotype in the LPC cells. This protocol provides several homologous LPCs for basic research. Additionally, by using a cell-carrier, the resulting LPCs could serve reservoirs for potential autologous expanded LESC transplantations and/or for making correlations between laboratory and clinical outcomes.This study was supported by CIBER-BBN, Spain and Network Center for Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy, Castile and Leon Government (SAN673/VA/28/08 and SAN/103/2011). M. L-P. and S. G. were supported by scholarships co-financed by the Castile and Leon Government and the European-Social-Fond

Caracterización y diversidad genética de variedades autóctonas de cerezo mediante SSRs

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Satisfacción Académica Y Expectativas Laborales De Los Estudiantes De Una Universidad De La Ciudad Del Cusco En Tiempos De Pandemia

The present investigation sought to determine the relationship between academic satisfaction and the job expectation of students at a university in the city of Cusco during the critical stage that was experienced by the state of emergency generated by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). ). Its approach was quantitative, non-experimental design and descriptive-correlational scope. The sample consisted of 10,529 students from five Faculties and a total of twenty Professional Schools. The existence of a relationship between job expectations and academic satisfaction was demonstrated by obtaining the value of 0.000 and the value of 0.282 using Spearman's Rho statistical test, which shows that the intensity of the relationship is low positive.La presente investigación buscó determinar la relación existente entre la satisfacción académica y la expectativa laboral de los estudiantes de una universidad de la ciudad del Cusco durante la etapa crítica que se vivió por el estado de emergencia generado por la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19).  Su enfoque fue cuantitativo, diseño no experimental y alcance descriptivo-correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 10 529 estudiantes de cinco Facultades y un total de veinte Escuelas Profesionales. Se demostró la existencia de una relación entre las expectativas laborales y la satisfacción académica al obtenerse, mediante la prueba estadística de Rho de Spearman, el valor de 0.000 y el valor de 0.282 que muestra que la intensidad de la relación es positiva baja

Physicochemical and nutritional characterization of brebas for fresh consumption from nine fig varieties (Ficus carica L.) grown in Extremadura (Spain)

Se determinaron las características de calidad de brevas para consumo en fresco de nueve variedades de higos en diferentes etapas de maduración comercial. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos y nutricionales se analizaron para la piel y la carne, y los hallazgos se compararon entre las variedades y las etapas de maduración. Los resultados revelaron que los componentes principales de nutrientes en brebas son los azúcares, como la glucosa y la fructosa, y los elementos minerales, incluidos K, Ca, P y Mg. La mayoría de los nutrientes evaluados son elementos importantes que contribuyen a la calidad comercial de brebas. Las variedades “Pavo marrón” y “Banane” mostraron el mayor peso y ancho. Las concentraciones de azúcares monoméricos estudiados fueron más altas en carne que en piel, y las variedades "Cuello Dama Blanco" y "Colar Elche" mostraron el mayor contenido de estos azúcares. La etapa de maduración temprana, coincidiendo con un rápido aumento en el tamaño de la fruta, también se asoció con un mayor contenido de fibra y proteína, TA y firmeza para las variedades "Banane", "Brown Turkey" y "Blanca Bétera". Por el contrario, la etapa de maduración posterior se relacionó con un aumento significativo de TSS, MI y intensidad de color. Finalmente, no se observaron cambios claros en las concentraciones de ácidos orgánicos entre las diferentes variedades y las etapas de maduración comercial.The quality characteristics of brebas for fresh consumption from nine fig varieties at different commercial ripening stages were determined. Physicochemical and nutritional parameters were analyzed for both skin and flesh, and the findings were compared among varieties and ripening stages. The results revealed that the major nutrient components in brebas are sugars, such as glucose and fructose, and mineral elements, including K, Ca, P, and Mg. Most nutrients evaluated are important elements that contribute to the commercial quality of brebas. “Brown Turkey” and “Banane” varieties showed the highest weight and width. The concentrations of the monomer sugars studied were higher in flesh than skin, and the “Cuello Dama Blanco” and “Colar Elche” varieties showed the highest content of these sugars. The early ripening stage, coinciding with a fast increase in fruit size, was also associated with a higher fiber and protein contents, TA, and firmness for “Banane,” “Brown Turkey,” and “Blanca Bétera” varieties. Conversely, the later ripening stage was related to a significant increase of TSS, MI, and color intensity. Finally, no clear changes in the concentrations of organic acids were observed between different varieties and commercial ripening stages.• Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Proyecto RTA 2010-00123 • Junta de Extremadura. Proyecto GR15112 • Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA). Beca para Cristina Pereira JiménezpeerReviewe