Violence Against Women: Effective Interventions and Practices with Perpetrators – A literature Review

First paragraph: This report presents a review of literature on effective interventions and practices to deal with perpetrators of violence against women. The key focus is with those interventions and practices which are aimed at reducing re-offending, rather than primary prevention and or public education work. The review was commissioned by the Scottish Government in order to inform development of Scotland's strategy for preventing the causes and consequences of violence against women

MP764: Field Manual for Managing Eastern White Pine Health in New England

This manual provides basic information for identifying and evaluating important health problems of eastern white pine in New England. The health problems include: • White pine weevil • White pine blister rust • Caliciopsis canker • White pine bast scale • White pine needle damage • Red rot or Red-ring rot In addition to providing descriptions of symptoms, signs, and risk factors, recommendations for white pine silviculture are described for managing stands for low densities and crop trees.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_miscpubs/1039/thumbnail.jp

Lithic technological responses to Late Pleistocene glacial cycling at Pinnacle Point Site 5-6, South Africa

There are multiple hypotheses for human responses to glacial cycling in the Late Pleistocene, including changes in population size, interconnectedness, and mobility. Lithic technological analysis informs us of human responses to environmental change because lithic assemblage characteristics are a reflection of raw material transport, reduction, and discard behaviors that depend on hunter-gatherer social and economic decisions. Pinnacle Point Site 5-6 (PP5-6), Western Cape, South Africa is an ideal locality for examining the influence of glacial cycling on early modern human behaviors because it preserves a long sequence spanning marine isotope stages (MIS) 5, 4, and 3 and is associated with robust records of paleoenvironmental change. The analysis presented here addresses the question, what, if any, lithic assemblage traits at PP5-6 represent changing behavioral responses to the MIS 5-4-3 interglacial-glacial cycle? It statistically evaluates changes in 93 traits with no a priori assumptions about which traits may significantly associate with MIS. In contrast to other studies that claim that there is little relationship between broad-scale patterns of climate change and lithic technology, we identified the following characteristics that are associated with MIS 4: increased use of quartz, increased evidence for outcrop sources of quartzite and silcrete, increased evidence for earlier stages of reduction in silcrete, evidence for increased flaking efficiency in all raw material types, and changes in tool types and function for silcrete. Based on these results, we suggest that foragers responded to MIS 4 glacial environmental conditions at PP5-6 with increased population or group sizes, 'place provisioning', longer and/or more intense site occupations, and decreased residential mobility. Several other traits, including silcrete frequency, do not exhibit an association with MIS. Backed pieces, once they appear in the PP5-6 record during MIS 4, persist through MIS 3. Changing paleoenvironments explain some, but not all temporal technological variability at PP5-6.Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada; NORAM; American-Scandinavian Foundation; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [SFRH/BPD/73598/2010]; IGERT [DGE 0801634]; Hyde Family Foundations; Institute of Human Origins; National Science Foundation [BCS-9912465, BCS-0130713, BCS-0524087, BCS-1138073]; John Templeton Foundation to the Institute of Human Origins at Arizona State Universit

Rethinking place-making: aligning placeness factors with perceived urban design qualities (PUDQs) to improve the built environment in historical district

Understanding the concept of place is critically important for urban design and place-making practice, and this research attempted to investigate the pathways by which perceived urban design qualities (PUDQs) influence placeness factors in the Chinese context. Twelve hypotheses were developed and combined in a structural equation model for validation. The Tanhualin historical district in Wuhan, China was selected for the analysis. As a result, place attachment was verified as a critical bridge factor that mediated the influence of PUDQs on place satisfaction. Among the five selected PUDQs, walkability and space quality were revealed as the most influential factors associated with place attachment and place satisfaction. Accessibility was actually indirectly beneficial to place-making via the mediation of walkability. Corresponding implications and strategies were discussed to maintain the sense of place for historic districts

Future living in Auckland's CBD

This thesis addresses parts of the Auckland Central Business District (CBD) infrastructure that contain sites/land not living up to their potential, such as parking lots and abandoned land. These sites contribute to an ever-changing environment catering for the automobile. They also affect Auckland’s environment by either spoiling views from neighbouring buildings or destroying the streetscape. This has become a norm and needs to be changed, in order to improve Auckland’s urban environment, by using New Urbanism principles. It is suggested by the Auckland Regional Council that by the year 2036, the Auckland region could grow to about two million people.(1) The intention of this thesis is to suggest New Urbanism principles in the context of the proposed growth, to create an alternative view and to inform and alter the perception/direction of conventional living. This project promotes the fundamental principle of New Urbanism through creating a small community plan which includes a sustainable living environment that provides people with opportunities to live, work, and play in a single area while still supporting and enhancing the surrounding infrastructure of the city. This will be achieved by designing an exemplary environmentally-friendly apartment complex, which will provide convenient living in close proximity to jobs, businesses and retail, and by promoting a walkable distance between these urban functions. This apartment complex will cater for the needs of single and extended families. The retail and commercial part of the complex will cater for the family’s everyday needs and services. This project will lead to a planned community which will be connected and interactive; it will provide jobs for dwellers and eliminate the need to commute for some. This complex concept will promote a pleasurable living environment using materials that complement our sustainable environment and enhance internal living and services. The New Urbanism ideas of walkability, connectivity, mixed-use and diversity, mixed housing, sustainability, and introducing public transport will enhance Auckland’s CBD environment. 1. Auckland Regional Council, http://www.arc.govt.nz/economy/aucklands-growth/aucklands-growth_home.cf

Economic implications of a native tree disease, Caliciopsis canker, on northeastern USA's white pine (Pinus strobus) lumber industry

In the northeastern United States, eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) is a leading species in the forest products industry. The native pathogen Caliciopsis pinea Peck is associated with Caliciopsis canker of white pine, with symptoms including excessive resin production and cankers. This study processed 28.0 mThe accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Soil and Stocking Effects on Caliciopsis Canker of Pinus strobus L.

Soil and stand density were found to be promising predictive variables associated with damage by the emerging disease of eastern white pine, Caliciopsis canker, in a 2014 survey with randomly selected eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) stands. The objective of this study was to further investigate the relationship between soil and stocking in eastern white pine forests of New England by stratifying sampling across soils and measuring stand density more systematically. A total of 62 eastern white pine stands were sampled during 2015–2016. Stands were stratified across soil groups and several prism plots were established at each site to measure stand density and determine stocking. Caliciopsis canker incidence in mature trees was greater in sites with drier or shallow soils compared to sites with loamy soils and in adequately stocked stands compared to understocked stands (p < 0.0001). Caliciopsis canker signs and symptoms were observed in all size classes. Live crown ratio, a measure of forest health, decreased with increasing Caliciopsis canker symptom severity. The fungal pathogen, Caliciopsis pinea Peck, was successfully isolated from cankers on trees growing in each soil group. Forest managers will need to consider damage caused by Caliciopsis canker related to stand factors such as soil and stocking when regenerating white pine stands

Genomic Analyses of the Novel Mycobacteriophage KashFlow

Eighteen new mycobacteriophages were isolated from soil samples collected around the state of Michigan and parts of the United States. All phages were capable of infecting Mycobacterium smegmatis and were isolated through either enrichment or direct plating at 32°C or 37°C. A variety of plaque morphologies were produced based on size, shape, and clarity; both lytic and temperate phages appear represented in this collection. The mycobacteriophage, KashFlow, was chosen as one of three phages for complete genome sequencing and comparative genomic analyses. The predominant plaque produced by KashFlow at 37°C was circular and 2 mm in diameter. The complete genome sequence for KashFlow revealed relationships to members of the Cluster J, which contains 30 sequenced members to date. The genome of KashFlow is 111.6 Kb, 60.2% GC, and contains 243 genes, including 2 tRNA(Lys-TTT) genes. Upon initial analysis, KashFlow shares a number of gene products with several other phages belonging to the J cluster. In a majority of these instances, these gene products are nearly identical to one another and are almost always perfectly aligned. This trend is predicted to continue throughout the entirety of the KashFlow genome as a number of cluster J phages share these same attributes. A detailed analysis of the complete genome sequences and comparison with sequenced mycobacteriophages is the subject of the second semester of this yearlong course and is presented