Frequency and accuracy of weight comments by others, and the association with weight misperception among Hong Kong adolescents

*Purpose:* To assess the frequency and accuracy of weight comments received from different sources among Chinese adolescents and the relation of weight comments to weight misperception.

*Methods:* In the Hong Kong Student Obesity Surveillance (HKSOS) project 2006-07, 22612 form 1 to 7 students (41.5% boys) completed a questionnaire on obesity. Students were asked if they had received serious "too fat" or "too thin" comments over the past 30 days from family members, peers and professionals, and the accuracy of the comments was assessed against the actual weight status. Weight misperception was defined as discordance between the actual and perceived weight status. Logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odd ratios (ORs) for weight misperception by weight comments received.

*Results:* One in three students received weight comments, most commonly from mother for both "too fat" and "too thin" comments. Health professional was the most accurate source of weight comments, yet less than half the comments were correct. Receiving incorrect weight comments was significantly associated with weight misperception in all sex-weight status sub-groups, particularly among obese girls. In contrast, student who received correct weight comments were less likely to have weight misperception.

*Conclusions:* Weight comments were commonly received by Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong, yet most of the comments were inaccurate, and such incorrect comments were associated with weight misperception. Family members, peers and professionals should realize the potential adverse effects of their weight comments and adolescents should be taught how to correctly assess their weight status to reduce misperceptions

Development of supercapacitors with 3D porous structures

The pursuit of supercapacitors with simultaneous high power and energy densities has led to extensive research and successful outcomes through the integration of three-dimensional (3D) electrodes, encompassing both 3D active materials and 3D porous current collectors. This mini review provides a summary of recent developments in supercapacitors featuring 3D structures. The incorporation of both 3D active materials and 3D current collectors proves effective in enhancing the mass loading of active materials without compromising their specific capacitance. The presence of pores in 3D porous current collectors contributes to additional double-layer capacitance by offering a large surface area. Moreover, 3D porous transition metal current collectors can provide both double-layer and faradic capacitances through the in-situ surface oxidation mechanism. Beyond materials and geometries, this review also discusses synthesis strategies for electrodes, offering insights into the process-structure-property relationship crucial for supercapacitors. By combining 3D active materials with 3D current collectors, the energy density of supercapacitors could be substantially improved

Use of antibiotics by primary care doctors in Hong Kong

© 2009 Lam et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

Control of brain metastases with alectinib in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-rearranged lung cancer

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Enhancement of thermoelectric performance for CuCl doped P-type Cu2Sn0.7Co0.3S3

Cu2SnS3 (CSS) has gained great attraction due to its constitutive earth-abundant elements and intrinsic low lattice thermal conductivity, κl, potentially providing high quality factor, B, and high zT value. However, the lack of band convergence is the bottleneck to enhancing the thermoelectric performance of Cu2SnS3 when performing the band engineering. To study the doping effect on the band structure and the thermoelectric performance, the composite Cu2Sn0.7Co0.3S3-xCuCl (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) (CSCS-xCuCl) has been investigated for the first time. The samples showed excellent data repeatability at high temperatures of up to 700 K. It was found that CuCl could compensate the Cu loss, enhance the phonon scattering and minimize the adverse effect on the power factor, PF. The ultralow lattice thermal conductivity could reach 0.38 W m−1 K−1 for the nominal composition of CSCS-0.3CuCl at 700 K. A peak zT of 0.56 (evaluated with no cold finger effect) was realized at 700 K when x = 0.3, which is almost double the performance of pristine samples

Scientometric research and critical analysis of battery state-of-charge estimation

With the advent of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and electric vehicle (EV) technology, the research on the battery State-of-Charge (SoC) estimation has begun to rise and develop rapidly. In order to objectively understand the current research status and development trends in the field of battery SoC estimation, this work uses an advanced search method to analyse the literature in the field of battery SoC estimation from 2004 to 2020 in the Web of Science (WoS) database. We employed bibliometrics analysis methods to make statistics on the publication year, the number of publications, discipline distribution, journal distribution, research institutions, application fields, test methods, analysis theories, and influencing factors in the field of battery SoC estimation. With using the Citespace software, a total of 2946 relevant research literature in the field of battery SoC estimation are analyzed. The research results show that the publication of relevant research documents keeps increasing from 2004 to 2020 in the field of battery SoC estimation. The research topics focus on battery model, management system, LIB, and EV. The research contents mainly involve Kalman filtering, wavelet neural network, impedance, and model predictive control. The main research approaches include model simulation, charging and discharging data recording, algorithm improvement, and environmental test. The research direction is shown to be more and more closely related to computer science and even artificial intelligence (AI). Intelligence, visualization, and multi-method collaboration are the future research trends of battery SoC estimation

Structural Insights into Rational Design of Single-Domain Antibody-Based Antitoxins against Botulinum Neurotoxins.

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is one of the most acutely lethal toxins known to humans, and effective treatment for BoNT intoxication is urgently needed. Single-domain antibodies (VHH) have been examined as a countermeasure for BoNT because of their high stability and ease of production. Here, we investigate the structures and the neutralization mechanisms for six unique VHHs targeting BoNT/A1 or BoNT/B1. These studies reveal diverse neutralizing mechanisms by which VHHs prevent host receptor binding or block transmembrane delivery of the BoNT protease domain. Guided by this knowledge, we design heterodimeric VHHs by connecting two neutralizing VHHs via a flexible spacer so they can bind simultaneously to the toxin. These bifunctional VHHs display much greater potency in a mouse co-intoxication model than similar heterodimers unable to bind simultaneously. Taken together, our studies offer insight into antibody neutralization of BoNTs and advance our ability to design multivalent anti-pathogen VHHs with improved therapeutic properties