2,630 research outputs found
A Monitoring and Advisory System for Diabetes Patient Management Using a Rule-Based Method and KNN
Diabetes is difficult to control and it is important to manage the diabeticās blood sugar level and prevent the associated complications by appropriate diabetic treatment. This paper proposes a system that can provide appropriate management for diabetes patients, according to their blood sugar level. The system is designed to send the information about the blood sugar levels, blood pressure, food consumption, exercise, etc., of diabetes patients, and manage the treatment by recommending and monitoring food consumption, physical activity, insulin dosage, etc., so that the patient can better manage their condition. The system is based on rules and the K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifier algorithm, to obtain the optimum treatment recommendation. Also, a monitoring system for diabetes patients is implemented using Web Services and Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) programming
Metrological power of incompatible measurements
We show that measurement incompatibility is a necessary resource to enhance
the precision of quantum metrology. To utilize incompatible measurements, we
propose a probabilistic method of operational quasiprobability (OQ) consisting
of the measuring averages. OQ becomes positive semidefinite for some quantum
states. We prove that Fisher information (FI), based on positive OQ, can be
larger than the conventional quantum FI. Applying the proof, we show that FI of
OQ can be extremely larger than quantum FI, when estimating a parameter encoded
onto a qubit state with two mutually unbiased measurements. By adopting maximum
likelihood estimator and linear error propagation methods, we illustrate that
they achieve the high precision that our model predicts. This approach is
expected to be applicable to improve quantum sensors
Contextual quantum metrology
Quantum metrology promises higher precision measurements than classical
methods. Entanglement has been identified as one of quantum resources to
enhance metrological precision. However, generating entangled states with high
fidelity presents considerable challenges, and thus attaining metrological
enhancement through entanglement is generally difficult. Here, we show that
contextuality of measurement selection can enhance metrological precision, and
this enhancement is attainable with a simple linear optical experiment. We call
our methodology "contextual quantum metrology" (coQM). Contextuality is a
nonclassical property known as a resource for various quantum information
processing tasks. Until now, it has remained an open question whether
contextuality can be a resource for quantum metrology. We answer this question
in the affirmative by showing that the coQM can elevate precision of an optical
polarimetry by a factor of 1.4 to 6.0, much higher than the one by quantum
Fisher information, known as the limit of conventional quantum metrology. We
achieve the contextuality-enabled enhancement with two polarization
measurements which are mutually complementary, whereas, in the conventional
method, some optimal measurements to achieve the precision limit are either
theoretically difficult to find or experimentally infeasible. These results
highlight that the contextuality of measurement selection is applicable in
practice for quantum metrology.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, companion paper: arXiv:2311.1178
Effect of Long-Term Dietary Arginyl-Fructose (AF) on Hyperglycemia and HbA1c in Diabetic db/db Mice
We have previously reported that Amadori compounds exert anti-diabetic effects by lowering sucrose-induced hyperglycemia in normal Sprague-Dawley rats. In the present study we extended our recent findings to evaluate whether Ī±-glucosidase inhibitor arginyl-fructose (AF) lowers blood glucose level in diabetic db/db mice, a genetic model for type 2 diabetes. The db/db mice were randomly assigned to high-carbohydrate diets (66.1% corn starch) with and without AF (4% in the diet) for 6 weeks. Changes in body weight, blood glucose level, and food intake were measured daily for 42 days. Dietary supplementation of AF resulted in a significant decrease of blood glucose level (p \u3c 0.001) and body weight (p \u3c 0.001). The level of HbA1c, a better indicator of plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time, was also significantly decreased for 6-week period (p \u3c 0.001). Dietary treatment of acarboseĀ® (0.04% in diet), a positive control, also significantly alleviated the level of blood glucose, HbA1c, and body weight. These results indicate that AF Maillard reaction product improves postprandial hyperglycemia by suppressing glucose absorption as well as decreasing HbA1c level
Effect of Long-Term Dietary Arginyl-Fructose (AF) on Hyperglycemia and HbA1c in Diabetic \u3cem\u3edb/db\u3c/em\u3e Mice
We have previously reported that Amadori compounds exert anti-diabetic effects by lowering sucrose-induced hyperglycemia in normal Sprague-Dawley rats. In the present study we extended our recent findings to evaluate whether Ī±-glucosidase inhibitor arginyl-fructose (AF) lowers blood glucose level in diabetic db/db mice, a genetic model for type 2 diabetes. The db/db mice were randomly assigned to high-carbohydrate diets (66.1% corn starch) with and without AF (4% in the diet) for 6 weeks. Changes in body weight, blood glucose level, and food intake were measured daily for 42 days. Dietary supplementation of AF resulted in a significant decrease of blood glucose level (p \u3c 0.001) and body weight (p \u3c 0.001). The level of HbA1c, a better indicator of plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time, was also significantly decreased for 6-week period (p \u3c 0.001). Dietary treatment of acarboseĀ® (0.04% in diet), a positive control, also significantly alleviated the level of blood glucose, HbA1c, and body weight. These results indicate that AF Maillard reaction product improves postprandial hyperglycemia by suppressing glucose absorption as well as decreasing HbA1c level
Recommended from our members
Gain Modulation by Corticostriatal and Thalamostriatal Input Signals during Reward-Conditioned Behavior.
The cortex and thalamus send excitatory projections to the striatum, but little is known about how these inputs, either individually or collectively, regulate striatal dynamics during behavior. The lateral striatum receives overlapping input from the secondary motor cortex (M2), an area involved in licking, and the parafascicular thalamic nucleus (PF). Using neural recordings, together with optogenetic terminal inhibition, we examine the contribution of M2 and PF projections on medium spiny projection neuron (MSN) activity as mice performed an anticipatory licking task. Each input has a similar contribution to striatal activity. By comparing how suppressing single or multiple projections altered striatal activity, we find that cortical and thalamic input signals modulate MSN gain and that this effect is more pronounced in a temporally specific period of the taskĀ following the cue presentation. These results demonstrate that cortical and thalamic inputs synergistically regulate striatal output during reward-conditioned behavior
Tracking random finite objects using 3D-LIDAR in marine environments
This paper presents a random finite set theoretic formulation for multi-object tracking as perceived by a 3D-LIDAR in a dynamic environment. It is mainly concerned with the joint detection and estimation of the unknown and time varying number of objects present in the environment and the dynamic state of these objects, given a set of measurements. This problem is particularly challenging in cluttered dynamic environments such as in urban settings or marine environments, because, given a measurement set, there is absolutely no knowledge of which object generated which measurement, and the detected measurements are indistinguishable from false alarms.
The proposed approach to multi-object tracking is based on the rigorous theory of finite set statistics (FISST). The optimal Bayesian multi-object tracking is not yet practical due to its computational complexity. However, a practical alternative to the optimal filter is the probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter, that propagates the first order statistical moment of the full multi-object posterior distribution. In contrast to classical approaches, this random finite set framework does not require any explicit data associations. In this paper, a Gaussian mixture approximation of the PHD filter is applied to track variable number of objects from 3D-LIDAR measurements by estimating both the number of objects and their respective locations in each scan. Experimental results obtained in marine environments demonstrate the efficacy and tracking performance of the proposed approach.MIT-Singapore Allianc
Nanostructures in Dye-Sensitized and Perovskite Solar Cells
Due to increase of attention in energy and environmental concerns, there has been much interest developed in clean and renewable energy technologies. The utilization of green and eco-friendly sunlight through solar cells like photovoltaic cells, photo-electrochemical cells, and dye-sensitize and perovskite solar cells (DSSCs and PSCs) produces energy demand. Due to high electron mobility, suitable band alignment, and high optical transparency, the binary and ternary transition metal oxide materials such as TiO2, SnO2, ZnO, WO3, Bi2O3 and SrTiO3, Zn2SnO4, BaSnO3, etc. have attracted considerable attention as DSSC and PSC electrode materials. Highly efficient solar cells with sustainable performance under severe mechanical deformations are in great demand in forming wearable power supply devices, essential for space technologies. In this regard, myriads of studies have progressed in developing the said metal oxides by various means of nanostructure forms. The aim of this chapter is to highlight research background, basic concepts, operating parameters, working principles, theoretical aspects, and selection of materials with essential properties for DSSCs and PSCs applications
Direction-of-Arrival Tracking Scheme for DS/CDMA Systems: Direction Lock Loop
In this paper, a new direction-of-arrival (DOA)
tracking algorithm, direction lock loop (DiLL), is proposed for
wireless direct-sequence code-division multiple-access systems. It
has a similar concept to the delay lock loop that is used for timing
synchronization. It may track the DOA of sources by iterations.
Its computational requirements are + O( ) for coherent
DiLL and 2 + O( ) for noncoherent DiLL, where is
the number of antenna elements and is the number of signal
sources, which is less than that of the projection approximation
subspace tracking with deflation algorithm [5]. The DOA tracking
accuracy is demonstrated by analysis and computer simulations
American Ginseng Modifies 137Cs-Induced DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Human Lymphocytes
The multifold bioactive medicinal properties of ginseng have been closely linked to its antioxidative ability, which is related to its ginsenoside content. Since the key mechanism of radiation-induced cell death and tissue damage is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that attack cellular DNA, this study focuses on the impact of a standardized North American ginseng extract (NAGE) on 137Cs-induced oxidative stress in human peripheral lymphocytes (PBL) obtained from 10 healthy individuals (6M/4F), 42.7 ĆĀ± 4.6 years of age. At two different time points (0 h and 24 h before irradiation), we applied NAGE (250 - 1000 ĆĀµg ml-1) to mononuclear cell cultures for cytokinesisblock micronuclei (MN) assay and determination of the state of oxidative stress in PBL. We found that at both time points, NAGE significantly reduced the MN yields in PBL after irradiation (1 and 2 Gy) in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.001). Compared with radiation alone, the maximum reduction rate of MN yield were 51.1% and 49.1% after 1 Gy and 2 Gy exposures, respectively. We also found that before irradiation the presence of NAGE in the culture medium resulted in a significant increased intracellular total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in PBL. At both time points, the increment of 137Cs-induced MN yields in PBL was positively correlated with the increment of intracellular ROS production (R = 0.6 - 0.7, P = 0.002), but negatively correlated with the reduction of TAC levels (R = -0.4 - 0.5, P = 0.02 - 0.004). However, the presence of NAGE in the culture medium significantly increased the TAC levels, while concomitantly decreasing both ROS production and MN yields in PBL (P<0.001). Our findings that NAGE is effective in protecting human PBL against radiation-induced oxidative stress should encourage further in vivo study of dietary supplementation with NAGE as an effective natural radiation countermeasure. Originally published Open Nuclear Medicine Journal Vol 1 No. 1, 2009
- ā¦