Rentoutumisen vaikutuksia uneen ja koettuun elämänlaatuun masentuneella henkilöllä.

Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena on kerätä tietoa rentoutumisesta, unesta ja masennuksesta sekä selvittää rentoutumisen vaikutuksia uneen ja koettuun elämänlaatuun masentuneella henkilöllä. Opinnäytetyön tarkoitus meille tekijöille on syventää tietämystä rentoutumisen vaikutuksista masentuneella henkilöllä, hankkia kokemusta tulevaa työelämää varten sekä verkostoitua tekijöitä kiinnostavalle fysioterapian osa-alueelle. Opinnäytetyön tarkoitus toimeksiantajalle ja fysioterapia-alalle on tuottaa tietoa, jota voidaan hyödyntää masentuneen henkilön fysioterapiassa. Opinnäytetyön toimeksiantaja on Lapin sairaanhoitopiirin psykiatrian klinikka. Opinnäytetyössä vastataan kysymyksiin, millaisia vaikutuksia hengitysrentoutusharjoituksella on masentuneen henkilön uneen sekä millaisia vaikutuksia rentoutumisella on masentuneen henkilön koettuun elämänlaatuun. Tutkimus toteutettiin tapaustutkimuksena viiden viikon rentoutuskurssina keväällä 2015. Tutkimuksessa haettiin vastauksia tutkimusongelmiin määrällisin menetelmin. Mittareina aineiston kokoamisessa toimivat Firstbeat-mittari sekä Sintosen 15D-elämänlaatukysely. Firstbeat-mittarilla mitattiin stressireaktioiden osuutta sekä palautumista unen aikana ja Sintosen 15D-elämänlaatukyselyllä koettua elämänlaatua. Firstbeat-mittaus suoritettiin hengitysrentoutusharjoitusta edeltävänä ja jälkeisenä yönä rentoutuskurssin toisella ja viimeisellä viikolla. Elämänlaatukysely toteutettiin rentoutuskurssin ensimmäisellä ja viimeisellä kerralla. Tutkimus on tapaustutkimus ja tutkimuksen kohteena on yksi masentunut henkilö. Tutkimusaineisto analysoitiin Firstbeat-mittarin tulosten osalta Microsoft Word-taulukoiden avulla. Sintosen 15D-elämänlaatukyselyn tulokset on analysoitu Sintosen kehittelemän valmiin Excel-pohjan, arvotusalgoritmin, avulla. Mittaustulosten perusteella rentoutumisella on positiivisia vaikutuksia stressireaktioiden osuuteen sekä palautumiseen unen aikana ja koettuun elämänlaatuun masentuneella henkilöllä. Tutkimushenkilön stressireaktioiden ja palautumisen osuus sekä palautumisen laatu paranivat hengitysrentoutusharjoituksen jälkeisenä yönä verrattuna edeltävään yöhön. Elämänlaatukyselyn mukaan tutkimushenkilön näkö, kuulo, nukkuminen, puhuminen, henkinen toiminta, vaivat ja oireet, ahdistuneisuus ja sukupuolielämä paranivat tai helpottivat rentoutuskurssin aikana. Tutkimuksessa saatuja tuloksia ei voi yleistää kaikilla masentuneilla, mutta tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää suunniteltaessa masentuneiden fysioterapiaa. Tutkimuksen tulokset houkuttelevat myös suorittamaan erilaisia jatkotutkimuksia.The aim of this thesis is to gather information on relaxation, sleep and depression and to assess how relaxation may affect sleep and quality of life of a person affected by depression. The purpose of this study is to enhance the researchers’ knowledge on the effects of relaxation of a person affected by depression and achieve experience for the future, also creating relations in physiotherapy sector. The purpose of this study, commissioned by The Lapland Hospital District and the Psychiatric clinic, is to produce knowledge useful for planning physiotherapy meant to a person affected by depression. This thesis responds to the research questions: “What are the effects of breathing relaxation for sleep?” and “What are the effects for quality of life of person with depression?" This is a case-study was developed during a five-week relaxation course in the spring of 2015. In this case-study quantitative research methods were used. The indicators are Firstbeat-meter and Sintonen 15D-quality of life-questionnaire. Stress reactions and recovery during sleep were measured by using Firstbeat-meter, and quality of life is measured by using Sintonen 15D-quality of life-Sintonen’s questionnaire. Firstbeat-measurement was administrated during sleep, before and after the breathing relaxation during the second and the last week of the relaxation course. Sintonen’s 15D-quality of life questionnaire was administrated during the first and the last session of the relaxation course. This case-study analyses one person affected by depression. The data was analyzed by using the Microsoft Word-sheet program and the Excel-sheet algorithm made by Sintonen. Based on the results, relaxation has positive effects on stress reactions and recovery during sleep, as well as on the quality of life of a person affected by depression. In comparison to the previous night, stress reactions, part of the recovery, and the quality of the recovery of the person improved after breathing relaxation. Sintonen 15D-life questionnaire shows that vision, hearing, sleeping, speaking, mental functions, discomfort and symptoms anxiety and sexual life improved during the relaxation course. The results of this study cannot be generalized; nevertheless, they can be useful for planning physiotherapy for people affected by depression. The results of the study may also suggest to perform further research on this specific topic

CIE Software Check of luox.app

The University of Oxford has developed an open-access software platform known as luox, which incorporates elements of CIE publications for the calculation of certain quantities integrated from spectral data. Under the terms of a licence agreement between the University of Oxford and the CIE, the CIE has agreed to endorse the software following a black-box validation of the software. This is the report of that validation exercise, based on the work of an ad hoc task group of the CIE Board of Administration. The task group selected 43 spectrafrom various sources, 19 being spectra with 5 nm intervals and 24 being spectra with 1 nm intervals, and calculated luminance (illuminance), a-opic radiances (a-opic irradiances), a-opic equivalent daylight luminances (a-opic equivalent daylight illuminances), a-opic efficacies of luminous radiation, and chromaticity coordinates using both luox and a variety of other available reference calculation tools, both public and private. Tolerance intervals were established for each quantity, and the deviation between the test values from luox and thereference values were calculated for each spectrum. The results for all of these evaluations showed consistency between the test values and the reference values. Based on these results, the CIE approves the following statement concerning the luox software, as per the aforementioned licence agreement:“This software incorporates methods, formulae, spectral function calculations and spectra from the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). The CIE endorses this software having made a black-box evaluation of the software as of Feb. 11, 2021, finding that the software performs satisfactorily. This software is not a replacement for the CIE publications and works from which it is derived. The user is advised to consult the original publications and works for proper understanding of and calculation of the result of this software.

The observation of nonlinear ion cyclotron wave excitation during high-harmonic fast wave heating in the large helical device

A wave detector, a newly designed magnetic probe, is installed in the large helical device (LHD). This wave detector is a 100-turn loop coil with electrostatic shield. Comparing a one-loop coil to this detector, this detector has roughly constant power coupling in the lower frequency range of40 MHz, and it can easily detect magnetic wave in the frequency of a few megahertz. During high-harmonic fast wave heating, lower frequency waves (<10 MHz) were observed in the LHD for the first time, and for the power density threshold of lower frequency wave excitation (7.5 MHz) the power density of excited pumped wave (38.47 MHz) was approximately ?46 dBm/Hz. Theselower frequencies are kept constant for electron density and high energy particle distribution, and these lower frequency waves seem to be ion cyclotron waves caused by nonlinear wave-particle interaction, for example, parametric decay instability

On factorizations in perturbative quantum gravity

Some features of Einstein gravity are most easily understood from string theory but are not manifest at the level of the usual Lagrangian formulation. One example is the factorization of gravity amplitudes into gauge theory amplitudes. Based on the recently constructed `double field theory' and a geometrical frame-like formalism developed by Siegel, we provide a framework of perturbative Einstein gravity coupled to a 2-form and a dilaton in which, as a consequence of T-duality, the Feynman rules factorize to all orders in perturbation theory. We thereby establish the precise relation between the field variables in different formulations and discuss the Lagrangian that, when written in terms of these variables, makes a left-right factorization manifest.Comment: 18 pages, v2: reference added, to appear in JHE

Novel Phases in the Field Induced Spin Density Wave State in (TMTSF)_2PF_6

Magnetoresistance measurements on the quasi one-dimensional organic conductor (TMTSF)_2PF_6 performed in magnetic fields B up to 16T, temperatures T down to 0.12K and under pressures P up to 14kbar have revealed new phases on its P-B-T phase diagram. We found a new boundary which subdivides the field induced spin density wave (FISDW) phase diagram into two regions. We showed that a low-temperature region of the FISDW diagram is characterized by a hysteresis behavior typical for the first order transitions, as observed in a number of studies. In contrast to the common believe, in high temperature region of the FISDW phase diagram, the hysteresis and, hence, the first order transitions were found to disappear. Nevertheless, sharp changes in the resistivity slope are observed both in the low and high temperature domains indicating that the cascade of transitions between different subphases exists over all range of the FISDW state. We also found that the temperature dependence of the resistance (at a constant B) changes sign at about the same boundary. We compare these results with recent theoretical models.Comment: LaTex, 4 pages, 4 figure