New records of lichens from the Zeysky Nature Reserve (Amur Region, Russia)

The lichen biota of the Zeysky Nature Reserve (southern Russian Far East) was studied in the course of geobotanical expedition. In total 36 species of lichens and one lichenicolous fungus are reported for the first time for the reserve. Among them 19 are new to the Amur Region. Parmelia asiatica is reported for the first time for the southern Russian Far East, Cladonia norvegica – for the Asian part of Russia, Tuckermannopsis gilva – for Russia, Melanohalea laciniatula – for Asia. Four species are included in the Red Data Book of Russian Federation.

THE OUTLOOK ON THE E-COMMERCE IN RUSSIA IN TERMS OF DIGITAL SINGLE MARKET STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPE: ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS

The aim of the research is to emphasize the importance of online E-commerce on a worldwide scale in the context of the benefi ts it provides to the national governments. Special attention is paid to the key E-market trends in Russia and European Community with a brief overview of the statistics and analysis data, which proves the necessity for its future development. However, the potential development of e-market in Russia has certain restrictions, connected with the current economic downtown, lack of legal provision and general consumer’s distrust to online transactions. Authors dwell upon the possible ways of overcoming these urgent obstacles according to the European policy of bringing down barriers to unlock online opportunities, which is called the Digital Single Market (DSM). To do that, the paper explores the benefi ts of the DSM Strategy’s introduction in Europe and the reasons whether it could be implemented into the Russia’s frontiers or not. Finally, authors reckon that despite the fact that the several legislative improvements relating to electronic market has been introduced in recent years, there are several efficient suggestions to our government to scrutinize in order to achieve high rates of online sales, bring the economy up and enforce cross-border cooperation

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES IN DEVELOPING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

The article deals with the aspect of the language acquisition through the use of socioculturally contextualized educational materials and applying particular strategies and techniques to improve communicative skills of the students. We have defined a motivation-stimulating sociocultural principle, and presented both theoretical and practical items in terms of socioculturally contextualized educational materials based on the mentioned above principle. The social demand for a linguistically competent personality faces the problem of the lack of the proper effective educational methods in the classroom. The aim of the research is to study the theory and practice of developing the communicative competence via the innovative approaches in language education. The article also introduces the concept of multiculturalism and global citizenship, national values and beliefs in language education as  innovative principles of education, interest to a human being and to another culture as a life skill, we study the definitions of multiculturalism and the phenomenon of interest to a personality, we, identify various types and components within the complex structure of multiculturalism; describe the ways of applications of  the principles of multiculturalism into the classroom. We also suggest a model of developing the communicative competence through innovative approaches (with stages, particular algorithms for a teacher, indicators in students’ behavior)

On the equations of the analytical dynamics of the quasi-3D plate theory of I. N. Vekua type and some their solutions

The plate theory of Nth order is constructed on the background of the Lagrangian variational formalism of analytical dynamics of continuum systems and the dimensional reduction approach of I. N. Vekua – A. A. Amosov. The plate model is defined within the configuration space, the set of field variables, and the Lagrangian density. The field variables are determined by the coefficients of the biorthogonal expansion of the spatial displacement vector field with respect to the dimensionless normal coordinate. The dynamic equations are derived as Lagrange equations of the second kind of the two-dimensional continuum system. The dynamics of the plane elastic layer is considered as an example, the normal wave propagation is described on the basis of refined plate theories of various orders, and the convergence of approximate solutions to the exact solution of the three-dimensional elastodynamics problem is analyzed for different wavenumbers

Vampire Motif in O. Mirtov’s Novel Dead Swell: Gender Aspect

The article discusses the reinterpretation in O. Mirtov’s (Olga Negreskul) novel Dead Swell (1909) of the images and plot moves of the novel by English writer Bram Stoker Dracula (1897) and, in general, the vampiric myth peculiar to romantic and neo-Gothic literature. Recognizable clichés associated with the appearance and abilities of vampires manifest themselves at different levels of the novel: at the level of subtext in ambiguous conversations about blood, in the description of the appearance of the characters (red lips, a string of red coral beads around the neck, pallor, haggardness), in the characteristics of their actions (the physical attraction of a man to a woman is compared with the craving of a vampire to fresh blood, it is realized in the form of sadistic pleasure associated with violence: forced intimacy, neck bites, beatings, tickling). These artistic details form a cross-cutting motif of vampirism. The writer’s appeal to the vampiric myth is due to the gender issues of the novel Dead Swell. The reader reveals the picture of psychological and sexual vampirism and the eternal conflict between man and woman in an androcentric society. In this struggle of the sexes, a woman, as a rule, finds herself in the role of the defeated and most often dies, and her tormentor, like a vampire, goes in search of the next victim. With the help of the motif of vampirism, Negrescul reveals and comprehends from the point of view of a woman the taboo themes of violence, sex, and death in Russian classical literature, which allows her to express her attitude to the “women’s question,” “the problem of gender,” the concepts of eros and platonic love

New records of lichens and allied fungi from the Eastern Leningrad Region

Thirteen species of lichens and one related fungus are reported as new to the Eastern Leningrad Region. Two of them – Arthonia incarnata and Nephromopsis laureri – are also new to the whole Leningrad Region. One species – Lauderlindsaya acroglypta – is new to North-Western European Russia.