Energy composition of the Universe: time-independent internal symmetry

The energy composition of the Universe, as emerged from the Type Ia supernova observations and the WMAP data, looks preposterously complex, -- but only at the first glance. In fact, its structure proves to be simple and regular. An analysis in terms of the Friedmann integral enables to recognize a remarkably simple time-independent covariant robust recipe of the cosmic mix: the numerical values of the Friedmann integral for vacuum, dark matter, baryons and radiation are approximately identical. The identity may be treated as a symmetry relation that unifies cosmic energies into a regular set, a quartet, with the Friedmann integral as its common genuine time-independent physical parameter. Such cosmic internal (non-geometrical) symmetry exists whenever cosmic energies themselves exist in nature. It is most natural for a finite Universe suggested by the WMAP data. A link to fundamental theory may be found under the assumption about a special significance of the electroweak energy scale in both particle physics and cosmology. A freeze-out model developed on this basis demonstrates that the physical nature of new symmetry might be due to the interplay between electroweak physics and gravity at the cosmic age of a few picoseconds. The big `hierarchy number' of particle physics represents the interplay in the model. This number quantifies the Friedmann integral and gives also a measure to some other basic cosmological figures and phenomena associated with new symmetry. In this way, cosmic internal symmetry provides a common ground for better understanding of old and recent problems that otherwise seem unrelated; the coincidence of the observed cosmic densities, the flatness of the co-moving space, the initial perturbations and their amplitude, the cosmic entropy are among them.Comment: 32 page

Gravitational Leptogenesis and Neutrino Mass Limit

Recently Davoudiasl {\it et al} \cite{steinhardt} have introduced a new type of interaction between the Ricci scalar $R$ and the baryon current $J^{\mu}$, ${\partial_\mu R} J^{\mu}$ and proposed a mechanism for baryogenesis, the gravitational baryogenesis. Generally, however, $\partial_{\mu} R$ vanishes in the radiation dominated era. In this paper we consider a generalized form of their interaction, $\partial_{\mu}f(R)J^{\mu}$ and study again the possibility of gravitational baryo(lepto)genesis. Taking $f(R)\sim \ln R$, we will show that $\partial_{\mu}f(R)\sim \partial_{\mu} R/R$ does not vanish and the required baryon number asymmetry can be {\it naturally} generated in the early universe.Comment: 4 page

Radiative Corrections to Neutrino Mixing and CP Violation in the Minimal Seesaw Model with Leptogenesis

Radiative corrections to neutrino mixing and CP violation are analyzed in the minimal seesaw model with two heavy right-handed neutrinos. We find that textures of the effective Majorana neutrino mass matrix are essentially stable against renormalization effects. Taking account of the Frampton-Glashow-Yanagida ansatz for the Dirac neutrino Yukawa coupling matrix, we calculate the running effects of light neutrino masses, lepton flavor mixing angles and CP-violating phases for both $m_1 =0$ (normal mass hierarchy) and $m_3 =0$ (inverted mass hierarchy) cases in the standard model and in its minimal supersymmetric extension. Very instructive predictions for the cosmological baryon number asymmetry via thermal leptogenesis are also given with the help of low-energy neutrino mixing quantities.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures; more references adde

Measurement of ϕ\phi(1020) meson leptonic width with CMD-2 detector at VEPP-2M Collider

The $\phi$(1020) meson leptonic width has been determined from the combined analysis of 4 major decay modes of the resonance ($\phi\to K^+ K^-,K^0_LK^0_S,\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0,\eta\gamma$) studied with the CMD-2 detector at the VEPP-2M $e^+e^-$ collider. The following value has been obtained: $\Gamma(\phi\to e^+e^-) = 1.235\pm 0.006\pm 0.022$ keV. The $\phi(1020)$ meson parameters in four main decay channels have been also recalculated: $B(\phi\to K^+K^-) = 0.493\pm 0.003\pm 0.007$, $B(\phi\to K_LK_S) = 0.336\pm 0.002\pm 0.006$, $B(\phi\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0) = 0.155\pm 0.002\pm 0.005$, $B(\phi\to\eta\gamma) = 0.0138\pm 0.0002\pm 0.0002$.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure

Study of the radiative decay ϕ→ηγ\phi \to \eta \gamma with CMD-2 detector

Using the $1.9 pb^{-1}$ of data collected with the CMD-2 detector at VEPP-2M the decay mode $\phi \to \eta \gamma$, $\eta \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ has been studied. The obtained branching ratio is B($\phi \to \eta \gamma) = (1.18 \pm 0.03 \pm 0.06)$.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, LaTex2e, to be published in Phys. Lett.

Observation of KS0K_S^0 semileptonic decays with CMD-2 detector

The decay $K_S^0 \to \pi e \nu$ has been observed by the CMD-2 detector at the e^+e^- collider VEPP-2M at Novosibirsk. Of 6 million produced $K_L^0K_S^0$ pairs, $75 \pm 13$ events of the $K_S^0 \to \pi e \nu$ decay were selected. The corresponding branching ratio is $B(K_S^0 \to \pi e \nu)=(7.2 \pm 1.4)\times10^{-4}$. This result is consistent with the evaluation of $B(K_S^0 \to \pi e \nu)$ from the $K_L^0$ semileptonic rate and $K_S^0$ lifetime assuming $\Delta S=\Delta Q$ .Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, LaTex2e. Submitted to Phys.Lett.

Measurement of omega meson parameters in pi^+pi^-pi^0 decay mode with CMD-2

About 11 200 e^+e^- -> omega -> pi^+pi^-pi^0 events selected in the center of mass energy range from 760 to 810 MeV were used for the measurement of the \omega meson parameters. The following results have been obtained: sigma _{0}=(1457 \pm 23 \pm 19)nb, m_{\omega}=(782.71 \pm 0.07 \pm 0.04) MeV/c^{2}, \Gamma_{\omega}=(8.68 \pm 0.23 \pm 0.10) MeV, \Gamma_{e^+e^-}\cdot Br (\omega -> pi^+pi^-pi^0)= (0.528 \pm 0.012 \pm 0.007) \cdot 10^{-3} MeV.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Study of the process e+e- to pi+pi-pi+pi-pi0 with CMD-2 detector

The process e+e- to pi+ pi- pi+ pi- pi0 has been studied in the center of mass energy range 1280 -- 1380 MeV using 3.0 1/pb of data collected with the CMD-2 detector in Novosibirsk. Analysis shows that the cross section of the five pion production is dominated by the contributions of the eta pi+pi- and omega pi+pi- intermediate states.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure. Submitted to Phys. Lett.

High-statistics measurement of the pion form factor in the rho-meson energy range with the CMD-2 detector

We present a measurement of the pion form factor based on e+e- annihilation data from the CMD-2 detector in the energy range 0.6<sqrt(s)<1.0 GeV with a systematic uncertainty of 0.8%. A data sample is five times larger than that used in our previous measurement.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures. Added comparison with KLOE measurement, minor updates. Accepted by PL