7 research outputs found

    Comparison of the replicons found in <i>Borrelia afzelii</i> K78 to the published sequences of <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> strains ACA-1, PKo and <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> strain B31.

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    <p><sup>a</sup> Accession numbers (GenBank, RefSeq) are listed in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0120548#pone.0120548.s010" target="_blank">S3 Table</a>.</p><p><sup>b</sup> Another cp9 plasmid has been described for B31 which is named cp9–2 (renaming the listed to cp9–1) [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0120548#pone.0120548.ref065" target="_blank">65</a>]</p><p><sup>c</sup> The attribution to code “Q” which is the naming for cp32–10 has been made via the presence of the respective plasmid partitioning protein type of the paralogous family 32 (PFam32). The linear plasmid lp56 in B31 is longer and contains parts analog to the cp32–10 type plasmids therefore this plasmid has been proposed to be attributed to code “Q” [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0120548#pone.0120548.ref046" target="_blank">46</a>]. Linear plasmids lp32–10, as seen in PKo and ACA-1, carry a PFam32 gene similar to cp32–10 and therefore also get the code “Q” in spite of carrying different gene content.</p><p><sup>d</sup> There is data from an earlier PKo genome project available, with a chromosome length of 905.4 kbp, GenBank CP000395) with an apparent insert of two genes (BAPKO_0393, BAPKO_0395) and a full definition of the 3’-terminal <i>arcB</i> gene (truncated in the listed chromosome).</p><p><sup>e</sup> Two more plasmids, cp32–2, which has identical PFam32 and PFam49 genes as cp32–7, and cp32–5 have been described in [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0120548#pone.0120548.ref066" target="_blank">66</a>] but have not yet been sequenced in full length.</p><p>Comparison of the replicons found in <i>Borrelia afzelii</i> K78 to the published sequences of <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> strains ACA-1, PKo and <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> strain B31.</p

    Chromosomal region of 5S-23S rRNA and 16S rRNA for the <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> strains K78, ACA-1, PKo, Tom3107, HLJ01 and for <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> B31.

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    <p>The rRNAs (marked red), are presented with transcription from right to left as located on the chromosome, and are composed of two copies of 16S rRNA, separated by tRNA-Ala. A tRNA-Ile (transcribed left to right) precedes the tandem repeats of the 23S-5S cassette. In many cases one of the 16S copies has undergone degeneration. In the case of ACA-1 the two contigs constituting the chromosome are separated at the position where the second 23S rRNA copy is expected (vertical red line), meaning the presence or absence of the second copy of 23S rRNA could not be determined due to the lower sequencing quality in this region. There is a high sequence homology among the four <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> strains (except for the second copy of 23S rRNA of ACA-1) in contrast to the sequences in <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> B31 rRNAs. The similarity score plots of the Mauve alignments use the backbone color scheme [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0120548#pone.0120548.ref043" target="_blank">43</a>] which shows overall similarity in a mauve color or clustering blocks among cluster members in the same color.</p

    Telomere types of the linear replicons.

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    <p>Alignment of the telomeres of the linear replicons in <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> K78 is shown. The sequences are oriented such that their hairpin bend would be positioned to their left side. The typing corresponds to the classification of the telomere types 1–3 according to the spacing between Box 1 (yellow) and Box 3 (blue) or the absence of Box 1 [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0120548#pone.0120548.ref068" target="_blank">68</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0120548#pone.0120548.ref099" target="_blank">99</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0120548#pone.0120548.ref101" target="_blank">101</a>]. For five of the sequences the utmost left residue could not be determined and is represented by a “-”as placeholder. Box 1 and Box 3 correspond to previously annotated regions of conservation which are assumed to be directly (Box 3) or indirectly (Box 1) involved in interaction with the telomere resolvase ResT [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0120548#pone.0120548.ref100" target="_blank">100</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0120548#pone.0120548.ref102" target="_blank">102</a>]. No telomere data could be obtained for K78 lp28 and the telomeres of lp54L and lp38R are identical. In Box 1 two different sequences, TAT(A/T)AT, are present as in B31. Unlike in B31, where the TATTAT sequence is exclusively found in type 2 telomeres, this sequence is also found in type 1 telomeres of K78. lp28–1L of K78 is an exception while it is compatible with both the definition of type 1 and type 2 telomeres as also seen on lp28–3R of B31 and lp28–2R of PKo. Within the 16 telomeres, 6 have substitutions in Box 3 (5 with one change, and 1 with two changes, marked green).</p

    Functional classification of the <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> K78 annotated genome, describing a total of 1,309 proteins.

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    <p>The best-hits per category from rpsblast against COG with a cutoff of E-value 0.01 are counted. Proteins with the best-hit falling into more than one category are counted as hit in each category which results in the addition of 51 hits, resulting in a total of 758 hits to defined COGs.</p><p>Functional classification of the <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> K78 annotated genome, describing a total of 1,309 proteins.</p

    Alignment of <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> K78 <i>ospC</i> sequence against the sequences of <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> strains from public databases.

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    <p>A non-redundant set of partial <i>ospC</i> sequences according to BAFK78_B0019 bp 97–583, comprising 59 <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> strains and the sequence of <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> B31 as external root reference were included in the analyses. A: Maximum likelihood tree representation, re-rooted with <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> B31 as outgroup. Clusters containing strains attributed to human infectivity are boxed, of which the previously identified groups were labelled A1–A8. The strains compared in this study are highlighted in blue. B: A recombination network representation is shown for the sequences in an unrooted distance phylogram. The pairwise homoplasy index test for the <i>B</i>. <i>afzelii</i> sequences (p = 7.8x10<sup>-15</sup>) indicates significance for the presence of recombination events. The strains compared in this study are highlighted by a yellow background.</p
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