Seismic Hazard Analysis Of Van Province Of Turkey

Within the framework of the performance based earthquake engineering, the seismic hazardanalysis for the Van province in Turkey is performed in probabilistic manner. It is noteworthy that, in probabilistic seismic hazard assessment, as a first stage, data from geological studies and records from the instrumental period were compiled to make a seismic sourcecharacterization for the study region. Then, a seismic hazard model by using EZ-FRISKsoftware is implemented and the probabilistic seismic hazard curves were developed based onthe selected appropriate attenuation relationships, at rock sites, with a probability ofexceedance of 2%, 10% and 50% in 50-year periods. The results of probabilistic seismic hazard analyses revealed peak acceleration values for a typical rock site as 0.47g for 50%probability of exceedance in 50 years, 1.09g for 10% probability of exceedance in 50 yearsand 1.91 g for 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years. The obtained results are comparedwith N-S&E-W component taken from Muradiye station after the earthquake which occurred on 23.10.2011 in Van, N-S & E-W component taken from Van station after thee arthquake which occurred on 9.11.2011 in Van, and the spectral responses proposed forseismic evaluation and retrofit of building structure in Turkey Earthquake Code, Section 7.At the end of this study, it is apprehended that for the performance evaluation of the existing structures Code proposed earthquake response spectra are not sufficient and the currente stimations show that the potential seismic hazard in research area of the Turkey is not well estimatedin the code.

Investigation on the Possibility of Matching Vulnerability Assessment with Field Observations for Real Structures

Assessment of exiting structures is a challenging issue that is of increasing importance in the last decades. There are, however, a number of uncertainties, which may result in unrealistic estimations of the expected demand. It is widely accepted, for example, that the uncertainties in defining the seismic loads may be one of the main reasons of non-accurate estimations of the structural response. The misprediction of the overall response may however be significantly affected also by the use of different techniques and approaches in calculation of the expected demand on the structure. This paper is focused on two real case study structures that were built in the highly influenced areas from the 1999 earthquake of Kocaeli. The characteristics of the structures, as well as the field measurements allowed the authors to work on the structures in detail and calibrate their model and findings of the analyses and assessment. The assessment approach given in the latest version of the Turkish Earthquake Code (TEC) of 2007 has been adopted to approximate the structural demand as well as the observed structural damage distribution. Results of the structural analyses based on TEC and those of the structural identification have been combined to assess the building performances, paying special attention to the possibility of matching the assessment results with the observed field data. There exist inconsistencies between the reality and the estimations, the possible reasons of which will also be discussed at the end of the paper

Displacement of the Buildings According to Site-Specific Earthquake Spectra

The probabilistic seismic hazard curves were based on appropriate attenuation relationships at rock sites with a probability of exceedance of 10% in 50 years in this study. Results from the model were compared to the response spectra proposed in Section 7 of TEC ‘07 and were found to dier in both amplitude and frequency content. The impact of these dierences has been investigated with respect to building performance evaluation. Specifically, modal capacity diagrams and response spectra have been obtained for five buildings. Based on the diagrams and spectra, peak displacements have been calculated as well, revealing significant dierences in the demand displacement curves of the buildings. As a result, damage estimates and predicted building performance will deviate from site specific performance to a greater degree. Using site-specific spectra and field data will be important for future earthquake-resistant design. One of the conclusions of the study is that the Code spectra do not oer a sucient or comprehensive enough set of seismic demands and would lead to an under estimation of seismic hazard in the region of study. Therefore, site-specific design spectra for the region should be developed which reflect the characteristics of local sites

THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF HRM IN THE TURKISH TOURISM SECTOR WITHIN THE EU MEMBERSHIP JOURNEY

This paper provides an analysis and evaluation of the main perspectives on global challenges faced by the Turkish tourism sector. The issues involved are; the evaluation of the transformation process of hospitality organisations in Turkey within the European Union Process and the “key success factors” of being successful in order to develop and maintain competitive advantage within the global challenge. It identifies the issues which appear to be of prime importance when challenging global issues including strategic HRM in tourism sector. In order to draw a profile of Turkish Tourism sector a SWOT analysis will be made (Porter, 1985). The paper will underline the globalization dimension within the tourism sector especially focusing on the EU dimension and moving onto the emergence of HRM issues into the tourism context with more strategic understanding. The paper will be concluded by the sustainable tourism development issues and general remarks and propositions on the future of the Turkish tourism sector

Cost Benefit Analysis Of The Structures Designed For Alternative Seismic Hazard Levels

In this study, multiple performance objectives under the various earthquake hazard levels are investigated. In case of well defined earthquake hazard, as an alternative of classical earthquake resistant design principles, it is possible to design structures at different performances depending on structure's initial cost and economic life. In this study, costs of the structure with different performance levels are discussed.Current study is carried out on the reinforced concrete structures that are designed and analyzed for various seismic hazard levels. The aim is to determine, if the risk is released, whether the economic losses can be acceptable or not. In the study, cost of reinforced concrete ductile frames and dual systems that are designed for various seismic performances, are also compared for the economical aspects.To that end, in the first step 3, 5 and 8 storey frames and dual systems of several structures at Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy performance levels was designed for the earthquake hazards of 2% and 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years. The study reveals that if both direct and indirect effects of earthquake such as retrofitting costs, cost of temporary moving, temporary accommodation costs, cost of demolition and reconstructing the building, cost of damage to household goods and business disruption, social disturbance, are be taken into consideration, initial design performance level can be accepted as Immediate Occupancy performance level rather than Life Safety performance which is proposed current earthquake codes. The cost due to injuries and cost due to loss of lives are not included

Silent killer: A scalpel in the aortic wall after spinal surgery

Iatrogenic vascular injury during lumbar spinal surgery is rare, but may lead to serious complications in unrecognized cases. Especially, injuries to aorta or its major branches may result in death unless diagnosed and treated immediately. We present a rare case of aortic injury with a scalpel in a 56-year-old male patient undergoing lumbar disk surgery. The vascular injury was successfully treated with open surgery. The post-operative period was uneventful and the patient was discharged in a healthy condition on the 8th day. This case once again reminds us that surgery is always open to complications and that early diagnosis and appropriate interventions are of paramount importance to overcome these complications

An examination of the suitability of a UK PFI model within the Czech Republic, the Republic of Ireland, Palestine (Gaza-West Bank), Portugal and Turkey

Purpose – The objective of this research is to identify the cross-cultural similarities and differences of the implementation of the UK PFI procurement process in different contexts. Design/methodology/approach – The research methodology adopted was the SLEEPT approach. The identified features are examined from source material of various projects within the stated nations. A Delphic approach of confirmation by national collaborators from each country is utilised. Confirming and disaffirming features are examined utilising exogenous cultural drivers. Findings – The conclusion of this research identifies cross-cultural features of six different cultures presented as a “cultural compass” which will inform the development of future private finance initiative (PFI)/public private partnership (PPP) projects. The impact of this research will have implications for the appreciation of cultural similarities and differences of national “construction cultures” for effective project delivery of future PFI/PPP projects. Originality/value – This paper offers an approach that can be generalised for adoption by nations considering the introduction of PFI as a procurement process

Transforming hotels into learning organisations: A new strategy for going global

Abstract Organisational learning and the learning organisation are concepts that have attracted a considerable amount of attention over the last two decades. This paper provides an analysis and evaluation of the main perspectives on organisational learning, particularly in relation to hotels as service sector organisations. The issues involved are an evaluation of the transformation process of a hospitality organisation and the key success factors to becoming a learning organisation in order to develop and maintain a competitive advantage within the global challenge. It identifies the issues which appear to be of prime importance when introducing organisational learning into hotels. The focus of this paper will be on the key points of the Turkish tourism sector's strengths and weaknesses in the adventure of becoming a learning organisation. Following of a literature review within which different characteristics of the service sector will be summarised learning organisation issues pertaining to Turkey will be discussed. This paper aims to discover future opportunities for the sustainable development of Turkish Tourism. However, this paper also maintains that, although organisational learning may be an important factor in building an organisation's competitiveness, by itself, it cannot guarantee success in today's fiercely competitive markets.

POZİTİF PSİKOLOJİ İLE POZİTİF ÖRGÜTSEL DAVRANIŞ İLİŞKİSİ VE POZİTİF ÖRGÜTSEL DAVRANIŞ BOYUTLARI ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLEME

Bu çalışmada Türkçe literatürde az sayıda yayın yapılan pozitif psikoloji ve örgütsel alandaki yansıması olan pozitif örgütsel davranış arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, pozitif örgütsel davranışın boyutları açıklanmış ve bu boyutların örgütler için önemi vurgulanmıştır. Çeşitli örgütsel değişkenler üzerinde etkileri bulunan pozitif örgütsel davranış boyutları, örgütlerde etkili insan kaynakları uygulamalarına katkı sunmaktadır. Kuramsal çerçevede geliştirilebilir olma özelliğine vurgu yapılan bu boyutların, örgütlerdeki uygulamalarla desteklenmesi ve yeni pozitif örgütsel davranış kavramlarının tanıtılması bu alanın geleceği için büyük önem taşımaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Pozitif psikoloji, pozitif örgütsel davranı

Seismic Performance Assessment: Sarajevo Case Study

A seismic safety assessment of the two reinforced concrete buildings, located in Sarajevo, Bosnia territory, is conducted in respect to ATC-40 method. Within the framework of the performance based earthquake engineering, at the first stage, seismo-tectonic setting of the territory was discussed, then, by using historical seismicity of the region, the seismic hazard analysis for the Sarajevo City in Bosnia is performed in probabilistic manner. The site specific uniform hazard spectra at 5% damping for 475-year return period is employed as an earthquake demand. Then building stock information of Bosnia and Herzegovina is discussed. Lastly, two typical modern building’s performance assessments are carried out