A Scoping Review: Issues in Agriculture Land Use

The population expansion with resulting land use competition could result in land scarcity and the need for development. In addition, most world cities are starting to lose agricultural land. As a result, the sustainability of the environment in agricultural land use is crucial for sustaining quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to identify literature issues by scoping review. This study guides land authorities and urban planners in providing knowledge to facilitate informed decisions to achieve the highest and best use of land. eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i22.414

A Scoping Review: Issues in Agriculture Land Use

The population expansion with resulting land use competition could result in land scarcity and the need for development. In addition, most world cities are starting to lose agricultural land. As a result, the sustainability of the environment in agricultural land use is crucial for sustaining quality of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify issues in the literature by using scoping review. This study guides land authorities and urban planners in providing knowledge to facilitate informed decisions to achieve the highest and best use of land. Keywords: Agricultural Land Use; Issues in Agriculture Land eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI

Genetic performance of 40 deli dura x avros pisifera full-sib families.

A total of 40 oil palm dura x pisifera progenies were planted on inland soil of the Serdang Series in Malaysia. They were evaluated for fresh fruit bunch (FFB), fruit components and agronomic traits. FFB production for the majority of the progenies was reasonably good for inland soil, ranging from 77.99 to 162.37 kg palm-1 yr-1. Analysis of variance showed no significant difference among the progenies, indicating lack of genetic variability for FFB and its components except average bunch weight (ABW). This was further supported by the low genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and broad-sense heritability (hB 2). However, greater genetic control was observed in the fruit components and agronomic traits. For example, the genetic variation for mesocarp to fruit (M/F) and shell to fruit (S/F) ratios contributed more than 40% to the phenotypic variation of the characters. Among the vegetative traits, leaflet length (LL) and rachis length (RL) exhibited similar magnitude in their GCV to PCV contribution. The lack of variability in some of the characters in these materials may be an obstacle to future breeding and selection. Introgression with new materials from the germplasm collection will likely broaden their genetic base for future breeding and improvement

Comparative Study of Space Configuration and Distribution in the Context of Hospitality Planning: The Case Study of Pangkor Laut Resort, Malaysia and Thanyapura Sport Hotel, Thailand

By the year of 2020, Malaysia is expected to received 36 million of tourist that receipts RM168 billion to the country revenue. Through sport tourism, Malaysia has mobilized various international level sport events such as SEA Games 2017, Formula One and Moto GP to achieve the number. Despite the significant volumes of the market, preliminary findings are suggesting, hospitality planning in Malaysia has little concerns on the importance of space configuration and distribution to satisfy sport tourist needs. This paper is seeking to understand types of sport tourists, ideal space configurations and distribution in hospitality space planning to support sport tourism, subsequently, assess space configuration and distribution in hospitality premises in Malaysia. Using case study as the key method, the core focus of the study to: “Identify the type of sport tourists”, “Determine spatial configuration and distribution of spaces required based on sport tourist needs” and “Determine how does space of Malaysia hospitality industry compared to some established sport facilities”. Selection of case studies are carefully made considering criteria of hospitality facilities with similar spatial characteristics but vary in locality context. The study yielded better understanding on space and people interaction in the context of sport facilities, which the central to achieving an ideal spatial environment for sport tourism industry. Findings of the study suggesting space configuration and distribution for hospitality facilities in the selected case study in Malaysia are merely a resort rather a sport resort with strong traditional architecture image, thus, have great potential to become a prominent hospitality facilities based on sport tourism

Analysing population structure of Elaeis Oleifera germplasm using model-based approach programme STRUCTURE / Wan Nurhayati Wan Hanafi …[et al.]

Elaeis oleifera serves as a source of genetic foundation in oil palm improvement programme, as it possess several interesting agronomic traits such as slow growth, higher oil unsaturation and disease resistance. Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) has developed a collection of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) from Elaeis oleifera genome (E. oleifera-gSSRs). A total of 21 polymoprhic SSR markers were evaluated in the attempt to assess the population structure of E. oleifera populations. The appropriate common ancestry (K) value was determined to be seven from the likelihood scores. The profile from STRUCTURE analysis indicates considerable sharing of genetic components among E. oleifera population with an exception for Population 01 from Columbia and Population 02 from Costa Rica. The present study provides information on population structure of MPOB E. oleifera collection via model-based method for germplasm conservation and utilisation in breeding programmes

Potensi sungkup plastik daripada filem selulosa terjana semula: suatu ulasan

Sungkup ialah bahan yang dihamparkan pada permukaan tanah, digunakan secara khusus untuk pertanian. Penggunaan sungkup plastik (SP) dalam bidang pertanian masih berterusan di seluruh dunia sejak berpuluh tahun yang lalu. Ia merupakan teknologi penting dalam pertanian yang meningkatkan hasil dan kualiti tanaman dengan penggunaan input air yang rendah. Bahan SP telah dikelaskan kepada dua kumpulan iaitu sungkup berasaskan petroleum dan sungkup berasaskan bahan semula jadi daripada sisa pertanian. Tanah tanpa sungkup mendorong kepada beberapa masalah seperti tanggalan zarah, adangan permukaan, kerakan dan padatan. Namun, penggunaan SP yang berlebihan dalam pertanian moden telah mengancam kelestarian keseluruhan ekosistem yang disebabkan oleh pengekalan sisa plastik pada persekitaran daratan dan akuatik. Oleh yang demikian, rantaian tanaman termasuklah tumbuhan, tanah dan air serta manusia juga terdedah kepada ancaman ini. Permasalahan ini telah mendorong kepada penghasilan sungkup plastik terbiodegradasi (SPB) seperti filem selulosa terjana semula (FSTS). Maka, ulasan kajian terhadap potensi SPB khususnya FSTS yang merangkumi fizikal, mekanikal, kimia dan sifat biodegradasi menjadi fokus utama dalam penulisan makalah ini

Sifat nilai tambah membran selulosa terjana semula : suatu ulasan

Atas ketersediaan bahan mesra alam yang kian pesat untuk pelbagai institusi ekonomi, kini bahan biopolimer bukanlah alternatif asing bagi menggantikan polimer sintetik. Pengolahan sifat kimia selulosa merupakan salah satu langkah ke arah kemapanan yang dapat memenuhi kehendak pasaran yang dahagakan sumber alam yang lestari. Selulosa terbukti memupuk kos penghasilan yang rendah, tidak toksik, mudah diolah dan kepelbagaian produk yang terjana daripadanya. Antara produknya ialah membran selulosa terjana semula (MSTS), bebenang, hidrogel dan aerogel. Walau bagaimanapun, keterbatasan produk yang dijana semula daripada selulosa terutamanya MSTS memerlukan pengubahsuaian fizikal mahupun kimia, serta bahan tambah yang lain untuk meningkatkan kefungsiannya. Antara bahan tambah MSTS seperti kitosan, nanozarah perak dan grafin oksida memberi sifat yang berbeza mengikut kehendak industri. Oleh itu, fokus utama ulasan kajian ini adalah bagi melihat kebaikan nilai tambah MSTS yang diolah daripada segi sifat fizikal, mekanikal, kimia, antibakteria dan biodegradasinya. Seterusnya, melihat aplikasi MSTS yang telah diubah suai terhadap industri khususnya perubatan, pertanian dan perawatan air

Variation in yield components and vegetative traits in Malaysian oil palm (Elaeis guineensis jacq.) dura × pisifera hybrids under various planting densities

A long term evaluation of a planting density trial on selected 15 dura × pisifera oil palm hybrids from six Malaysian seed producers was laid out in equilateral triangle in four planting densities, namely 120 (D1), 148 (D2-Control), 170 (D3) and 215 (D4) palms/ha at the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) Ulu Paka Research Station, Terengganu, Malaysia. Data on fresh fruit bunch (FFB), bunch number (BNO), bunch weight (ABW), fruit/bunch (F/B), oil/bunch (O/B), frond production (FP), rachis length (RL) and palm height (HT) were collected from 1987 to 2003. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of pooled data over years and densities showed significant differences among progenies (G) and agencies (A) for all traits, reflecting their varying genetic backgrounds. Variations in planting densities (D) were significant for ABW, F/B and FP. Statistical differences were detected in G × D interactions for ABW, RL and FP and A × D interaction for ABW. FFB yield among agencies ranged from 18.4 to 21.5 t/ha/yr. The highest BNO was obtained from agency A2. Oil per bunch varied from 25.9 to 28.2%; the highest was observed in Agency A1. HT of the 20-year old palms pooled over planting densities ranged from 8.99 (Agency A1) to 10.02 m (Agency A5) with the height increment (HI) among agencies ranged from 50 to 56 cm/yr. Variation for HT among densities was between 8.70 m (D1) and 10.43 m (D4) with height increment between 48.3 cm/yr and 58 cm/yr. FP ranged from 17.1 (D4) to 19.1 (D1) fronds/yr while RL ranged from 6.20 (D1) to 6.86 m (D4). Density D2 (Control) recorded the highest FFB (21.7 t/ha/yr) followed by D3 (20.9 t/ha/yr), D4 (19.2 t/ha/yr), and D1 (18.6 t/ha/yr). Generally, HT was significantly and positively correlated with FFB components. FP also associated positively with HT and ABW. RL showed negative correlation with FP across all planting densities but generally has no association with FFB and O/B. In this trial, density 2 (148 palms/ha) was the ideal planting density for maximum FFB and oil yield (6.0 t/ha/yr) per unit land area on inland soil and has been the standard practice of the oil palm industry

Genetic variability in yield and vegetative traits in elite germplasm of MPOB-Nigerian dura × AVROS pisifera progenies

Genetic variability study on vegetative and yield traits was carried out through long-term evaluation of eleven MPOB-Nigerian dura × AVROS pisifera (D× P) progenies at MPOB (Malaysian Palm Oil Board) research station located in Kluang, Johor, Malaysia. The D × P progenies were laid out in randomized complete block design in two blocks with 352 oil palm plants occupying a total area of 2.59 hectares. Data on both vegetative and yield traits such as plant height (HT), leaflet number (LN), leaflet length (LL), leaflet width (LW), rachis length (RL), petiole cross-section, leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAI), fresh fruit bunch (FFB), average bunch weight (ABW), oil yield (OY), kernel yield (KY), mesocarp to fruit (MTF), kernel to fruit (KTF), oil to bunch (OTB), kernel to bunch (KTB) were collected over the years following the standard method. Analysis of variance of the data showed a significant variation among the progenies performance for both vegetative and yield traits, revealing their differences in their genetic origin. Also significant differences were observed for G×R interactions in all the traits collected except for PCR, KPY and ABW. The progenies plant height ranges from 1.53 (PUP1328) to 2.26 m (PUP1328). Also among the traits is PCS with highest value found in progeny PUP 1174 (32.16 cm2), while the lowest reading was found in PUP 1358 (20.54 cm2). The fresh fruit bunch weight for the progenies ranged from 121.03 to 175.16 kg/ palm/yr. Progeny PUP 1303 was found to have the highest value for FFB (175.16 kg/palm/yr), KPY (7.9 kg/palm/yr) and OPY (38.87 kg/palm/yr). From the correlation study, it was found that FFB, which is the most important yield trait, was positive and highly significant with all other yield and vegetative traits except for MTF, KTF, OTB and KTB where the association was non-significant. In this study, great variability has been found to be present among these progenies and this will be of immense benefit for improvement program. Progeny PUP 1303 and PUP 1246 have been identified as the potential parent and they have been selected for further evaluation trial