Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. Pulp Extract Increases the Sperm Characteristics in Rattus norvegicus

Herbal remedy is a type of alternative medicine that originates from plants and have been around for centuries. This study to analyze Phaleria macrocarpa L. pulp extract (PMPE) on male fertility by assesing its effect on sperm characteristic including sperm count, motility, viability and membrane integrity.Twenty four males adult of Rattus norvegicus were seperated into four groups. The treatment of three groups were done orally, once a day with 0.25 ml supplemented for four weeks either with PMPE at doses 7.5 mg/kg (P1), 15 mg/kg (P2), 30 mg/kg (P4) and CMCNa 0.5% (P0). PMPE significantly increases the percentage of sperm characteristic. Keywords: Phaleria macrocarpa, motility, viability, membrane integrit

Molecular identification of trichoderma isolates from sugarcane bagasse based on Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rDNA

This study aimed to identify Trichoderma from sugarcane bagasse based on iinternal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA. The sample used was pure isolate of Trichoderma from sugarcane bagasse. DNA samples were isolated using the modified CTAB method. DNA was amplified using the primers ITS1 and ITS4. Interestingly, the results showed that Trichoderma genomic DNA has a concentration of 92.56 mg with a purity of 1.91. The amplicon of Trichoderma DNA is about 600 bp, whereas phylogenetic analysis shows that the sample of Trichoderma from sugarcane bagasse is one group with Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma piluliferum, Trichoderma sp. SQR339, Hypocrea nigricans, and Trichoderma sp. NFML CH12 BB. 15, Trichoderma aureoviride, Hypocrea lixii, and Trichoderma BAB-4585