Frequency shifts in gravitational resonance spectroscopy

Quantum states of ultracold neutrons in the gravitational field are to be characterized through gravitational resonance spectroscopy. This paper discusses systematic effects that appear in the spectroscopic measurements. The discussed frequency shifts, which we call Stern-Gerlach shift, interference shift, and spectator state shift, appear in conceivable measurement schemes and have general importance. These shifts have to be taken into account in precision experiments

A spectroscopy approach to measure the gravitational mass of antihydrogen

We study a method to induce resonant transitions between antihydrogen ($\bar{H}$) quantum states above a material surface in the gravitational field of the Earth. The method consists of applying a gradient of magnetic field, which is temporally oscillating with the frequency equal to a frequency of transition between gravitational states of antihydrogen. A corresponding resonant change in the spatial density of antihydrogen atoms could be measured as a function of the frequency of applied field. We estimate an accuracy of measuring antihydrogen gravitational states spacing and show how a value of the gravitational mass of the $\bar{H}$ atom could be deduced from such a measurement. We also demonstrate that a method of induced transitions could be combined with a free-fall-time measurement in order to further improve the precision

Phraseology and institutional discourse: Angela Merkel

Linguosemiotic approach to the study of phraseological units used by an institutional language personality. The language personality of a politician, in particular Angela Merkel, is considered as an active mechanism for the functioning of institutional discours

Multi-mode quasi-periodic pulsations in a solar flare

Context. Quasi-periodic pulsations (QPP) of the electromagnetic radiation emitted in solar and stellar flares are often detected in microwave, white light, X-ray, and gamma-ray bands. Mechanisms for QPP are intensively debated in the literature. Previous studies revealed that QPP may manifest non-linear, non-stationary and, perhaps, multi-modal processes operating in flares. Aims. We study QPP of the microwave emission generated in an X3.2-class solar flare on 14 May, 2013, observed with the Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH), aiming to reveal signatures of the non-linear, non-stationary, and multi-modal processes in the signal. Methods. The NoRH correlation signal obtained at the 17 GHz intensity has a clear QPP pattern. The signal was analysed with the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) that allows one to determine its instant amplitude and frequency, and their time variation. Results. It was established that the QPP consists of at least three well-defined intrinsic modes, with the mean periods of 15, 45, and 100 s. All the modes have quasi-harmonic behaviour with different modulation patterns. The 100 s intrinsic mode is a decaying oscillation, with the decay time of 250 s. The 15 s intrinsic mode shows a similar behaviour, with the decay time of 90 s. The 45 s mode has a wave-train behaviour. Conclusions. Dynamical properties of detected intrinsic modes indicate that the 100 s and 15 s modes are likely to be associated with fundamental kink and sausage modes of the flaring loop, respectively. The 100 s oscillation could also be caused by the fundamental longitudinal mode, while this interpretation requires the plasma temperature of about 30 million K and hence is not likely. The 45 s mode could be the second standing harmonics of the kink mode

The origin of quasi-periodicities during circular ribbon flares

Solar flares with a fan-spine magnetic topology can form circular ribbons. The previous study based on H\alpha line observations of the solar flares during March 05, 2014 by Xu et al. (2017) revealed uniform and continuous rotation of the magnetic fan-spine. Preliminary analysis of the flare time profiles revealed quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) with similar properties in hard X-rays, H\alpha, and microwaves. In this work, we address which process the observed periodicities are related to: periodic acceleration of electrons or plasma heating? QPPs are analysed in the H\alpha emission from the centre of the fan (inner ribbon R1), a circular ribbon (R2), a remote source (R3), and an elongated ribbon (R4) located between R2 and R3. The methods of correlation, Fourier, wavelet, and empirical mode decomposition are used. QPPs in H\alpha emission are compared with those in microwave and X-ray emission. We found multi-wavelength QPPs with periods around 150 s, 125 s, and 190 s. The 150-s period is seen to co-exist in H\alpha, hard X-rays, and microwave emissions, that allowed us to connect it with flare kernels R1 and R2. These kernels spatially coincide with the site of the primary flare energy release. The 125-s period is found in the H\alpha emission of the elongated ribbon R4 and the microwave emission at 5.7 GHz during the decay phase. The 190-s period is present in the emission during all flare phases in the H\alpha emission of both the remote source R3 and the elongated ribbon R4, in soft X-rays, and microwaves at 4--8 GHz. We connected the dominant 150-s QPPs with the slipping reconnection mechanism occurring in the fan. We suggested that the period of 125 s in the elongated ribbon can be caused by a kink oscillation of the outer spine connecting the primary reconnection site with the remote footpoint. The period of 190 s is associated with the 3-min sunspot oscillations.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&

Fast magnetoacoustic wave trains in magnetic funnels of the solar corona

Context: Fast magneto-acoustic waves are highly dispersive in waveguides, so they can generate quasi-periodic wave trains if a localised, impulsive driver is applied. Such wave trains have been observed in the solar corona and may be of use as a seismological tool since they depend upon the plasma structuring perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Aims. We extend existing models of magnetoacoustic waveguides to consider the effects of an expanding magnetic field. The funnel geometry employed includes a field-aligned density structure. Methods: We performed 2D numerical simulations of impulsively generated fast magneto-acoustic perturbations. The effects of the density contrast ratio, density stratification, and spectral profile of the driver upon the excited wave trains were investigated. Results: The density structure acts as a dispersive waveguide for fast magneto-acoustic waves and generates a quasi-periodic wave train similar to previous models. The funnel geometry leads to generating additional wave trains that propagate outside the density structure. These newly discovered wave trains are formed by the leakage of transverse perturbations, but they propagate upwards owing to the refraction caused by the magnetic funnel. Conclusions: The results of our funnel model may be applicable to wave trains observed propagating in the solar corona. They demonstrate similar properties to those found in our simulations

The morphology of average solar flare time profiles from observations of the Sun's lower atmosphere

We study the decay phase of solar flares in several spectral bands using a method basedon that successfully applied to white light flares observed on an M4 dwarf. We selectedand processed 102 events detected in the Sun-as-a-star flux obtained with SDO/AIAimages in the 1600 ̊A and 304 ̊A channels and 54 events detected in the 1700 ̊A channel.The main criterion for the selection of time profiles was a slow, continuous flux decaywithout significant new bursts. The obtained averaged time profiles were fitted withanalytical templates, using different time intervals, that consisted of a combination oftwo independent exponents or a broken power law. The average flare profile observedin the 1700 ̊A channel decayed more slowly than the average flare profile observed onthe M4 dwarf. As the 1700 ̊A emission is associated with a similar temperature to thatusually ascribed to M dwarf flares, this implies that the M dwarf flare emission comesfrom a more dense layer than solar flare emission in the 1700 ̊A band. The coolingprocesses in solar flares were best described by the two exponents model, fitted overthe intervals t1=[0, 0.5]t1/2and t2=[3, 10]t1/2wheret1/2is time taken for the profileto decay to half the maximum value. The broken power law model provided a goodfit to the first decay phase, as it was able to account for the impact of chromosphericplasma evaporation, but it did not successfully fit the second decay phase

Efficiency results of the project to attract applicants to the medical-preventive faculty

The article describes the result of organizing medical quests and quizzes for students from specialized biomedical classes by students of the Ural State Medical University to increase the motivation for choosing the profession of a medical doctor.В статье описаны результаты проведения медицинских квестов и квизов для абитуриентов из профильных медико-биологических классов студентами Уральского государственного медицинского университета для повышения мотивации выбора профессии врача-лечебника

The story of the disease of tsarevich Alexey: view from the 21st century

The article presents the reconstruction of a clinical case of the acute hemophilic hemarthrosis of Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich Romanov, proposed conducting tactics based on modern clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hemophilia.В статье приведена реконструкция клинического случая острого гемофилического гемартроза у царевича Алексея Николаевича Романова, предложена тактика ведения на основании современных клинических рекомендаций по диагностике и лечению гемофилии

Student scientific community and its activities during pandemic and distance education

In this work, various aspects of distance learning (DD) of medical university students and the activities of the student scientific community (SNA) during the pandemic are studied. General data are given on the peculiarities of the educational process, as well as on the experience of introducing an electronic educational environment into it - «Microsoft Teams.» The purpose of the work was an attempt to study some aspects of distance learning in this new and difficult period for the university. The online activity of SNA participants was studied, followed by an assessment of their success; determining the ratio of circles to the DO system; identified the main negative aspects associated with this form of training. The obtained data are of interest to employees of various departments of medical universities and their scientific circlesАннотация. В данной работе изучаются различные аспекты дистанционного обучения (ДО) студентов медицинского вуза и деятельности студенческого научного кружка (СНК) в период пандемии. Приводятся общие данные об особенностях учебного процесса, а также об опыте внедрения в него электронной образовательной среды – «Microsoft Teams». Целью работы стала попытка изучить некоторые аспекты дистанционного обучения в этот новый и непростой для вуза период. Изучалась онлайн-активность участников СНК, с последующей оценкой их успехов; определяли отношение кружковцев к системе ДО; выявляли основные негативные моменты, связанные с подобной формой обучения. Полученные данные представляют интерес для сотрудников различных кафедр медицинских вузов и их научных кружков