Russian Theatre Life in Interwar Prague

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá divadelními aktivitami ruských umělců, kteří přijíždějí do Prahy mezi dvěma světovými válkami v důsledku politických nepokojů v jejich vlasti. V první části práce je pojednáno o přístupu Československého státu k ruským emigrantům, detailněji je pak nazíráno na to, jaké možnosti Československo poskytovalo ruským divadelním umělcům. Ve druhé části práce je představena tzv. Pražská skupina MCHT, soubor umělců Moskevského uměleckého divadla, který měl v letech 1923 - 1927 stálé sídlo v Praze. Výklad začíná vznikem tzv. kačalovské skupiny, z jejíchž řad vzešla většina členů Pražské skupiny MCHT. Následně je představena samotná Pražská skupina a na příkladu třech jejích inscenací je sledován její umělecký vývoj.This bachelors thesis investigates theatre activities of Russian artists who arrived in Prague between the first and second world war as a consequence of political clashes in their country. The first part of the thesis looks at the attitudes of Czechoslovak nation towards Russian immigrants, in particular the opportunities Russian theater artists were given in Czechoslovakia. In the second part of the thesis, the so-called Prague MAT group is introduced. This is a group formed of artists from the Moscow Arts Theatre permanently located in Prague. The so- called Kachalov group, from which the majority of the Prague MAT group originated, is investigated first. This is followed by the introduction of the Prague group as such. Its developments are explored by looking at three of the group's plays.Departement of Theatre StudiesKatedra divadelní vědyFilozofická fakultaFaculty of Art

The earliest translations of Jan Nepomuk Štěpánek

This thesis investigates early translation activities of Czech versatile theatre artist Jan Nepomuk Štěpánek. Štěpánek began to translate theatre plays in 1803. The first part of the thesis looks at the personality of Jan Nepomuk Štěpánek in general, theatre context of his translated plays and a translation method in the time of the Czech National Revival. The most important part of the thesis consists of the introduction of five earliest plays, which Štěpánek translated in 1803-1806. His texts are compared with German original texts. On the basis of this comparation, Štěpánek is introduced as a translator and also then theatre practice is partly clarified

Estimation of Hg(II) in Soil Samples by Bioluminescent Bacterial Bioreporter E. coli ARL1, and the Effect of Humic Acids and Metal Ions on the Biosensor Performance

Mercury is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant of dominantly anthropogenic origin. A critical concern for human health is the introduction of mercury to the food chain; therefore, monitoring of mercury levels in agricultural soil is essential. Unfortunately, the total mercury content is not sufficiently informative as mercury can be present in different forms with variable bioavailability. Since 1990, the use of bioreporters has been investigated for assessment of the bioavailability of pollutants; however, real contaminated soils have rarely been used in these studies. In this work, a bioassay with whole-cell bacterial bioreporter Escherichia coli ARL1 was used for estimation of bioavailable concentration of mercury in 11 soil samples. The bioreporter emits bioluminescence in the presence of Hg(II). Four different pretreatments of soil samples prior to the bioassay were tested. Among them, laccase mediated extraction was found to be the most suitable over water extraction, alkaline extraction, and direct use of water-soil suspensions. Nevertheless, effect of the matrix on bioreporter signal was found to be severe and not possible to be completely eliminated by the method of standard addition. In order to elucidate the matrix role, influences of humic acid and selected metal ions present in soil on the bioreporter signal were tested separately in laboratory solutions. Humic acids were found to have a positive effect on the bioreporter growth, but a negative effect on the measured bioluminescence, likely due to shading and Hg binding resulting in decreased bioavailability. Each of the tested metal ions solutions affected the bioluminescence signal differently; cobalt (II) positively, iron (III) negatively, and the effects of iron (II) and nickel (II) were dependent on their concentrations. In conclusion, the information on bioavailable mercury estimated by bioreporter E. coli ARL1 is valuable, but the results must be interpreted with caution. The route to functional bioavailability bioassay remains long