Novel accelerating Einstein vacua and smooth inhomogeneous Riemannian manifolds

A novel class of Einstein vacua is presented, which possess non-vanishing cosmological constant and accelerating horizon with the topology of $S^{D-3}$ fibration over $S^{1}$. After Euclideanization, the solution describes a conformally distorted $S^{D-1}$ fibration over $S^1$, which is smooth, compact and inhomogeneous, and can be regarded as analogue of Don Page's gravitational instanton.Comment: 14 pages. v2: Reference adde

Ścieżka ewolucji i mechanizm zarządzania podatnościami wiejskich osiedli ludzkich w Chinach w kontekście globalizacji

Development in the rural environment is a key pillar motivating international organizations' functions and operations. The development in this area falls under the 2030 Agenda of Sustainable Development of the UN. Rural development and factors such as culture might be utilized to achieve such agenda and improve populations living in conditions. The current study was literature systemic reviewing the evolution path and the impact mechanism on the issue of rural human settlement. Results in the current study showed that natural ecosystems, socioeconomic systems, facilities, and service systems all follow one of seven general evolution paths. Terrain and ecology, climate change and catastrophe, the agricultural and rural economy, population increase, and other factors all contribute to disruption. Policy, technology, and the habits of individual households inform the development of action plans. Every evolutionary outcome has both fragile and hardy features. The government and individual families took measures to lower vulnerability and increase resilience by concentrating on the actual problem of the rural human settlements system. Further, the study observed that the effects of rural human settlements on rural development occur in a systematic way. These changes, most obviously seen in the form of new and improved rural human settlement projects, have the potential to affect many facets of the human settlement system as a whole, making it cleaner, more practical, more harmonic, and generally more pleasant places to live. These benefits will have a multiplicative impact on the health, wealth, and happiness of rural residents; the efficiency, modernity, and prosperity of rural businesses; and the quality of life in rural areas.Rozwój w środowisku wiejskim jest kluczowym filarem motywującym funkcje i działanie organizacji międzynarodowych. Rozwój w tym obszarze wpisuje się w Agendę Zrównoważonego Rozwoju ONZ 2030. Rozwój obszarów wiejskich i czynniki takie jak kultura mogą zostać wykorzystane do osiągnięcia tego celu i poprawy warunków życia populacji. Niniejsze badanie miało charakter systemowego przeglądu literatury dotyczącej ścieżki ewolucji i mechanizmu oddziaływania na problematykę wiejskiego osadnictwa ludzkiego. Wyniki wykazały, że naturalne ekosystemy, systemy społeczno-gospodarcze, obiekty i systemy usług podążają jedną z siedmiu ogólnych ścieżek ewolucji. Teren i ekologia, zmiany klimatyczne i katastrofy, gospodarka rolna i wiejska, wzrost liczby ludności i inne czynniki przyczyniające się do zakłóceń. Polityka, technologia i zwyczaje poszczególnych gospodarstw domowych wpływają na rozwój planów działania. Każdy wynik ewolucji ma zarówno słabe, jak i silne cechy. Rząd i obywatele podjęli działania mające na celu zmniejszenie podatności na zagrożenia i zwiększenie odporności, koncentrując się na rzeczywistym problemie wiejskiego systemu osadnictwa ludzkiego. Ponadto zaobserwowano, że wpływ osiedli ludzkich na obszarach wiejskich na rozwój obszarów wiejskich występuje w sposób systematyczny. Zmiany te, najwyraźniej widoczne w postaci nowych i ulepszonych projektów osiedli ludzkich na obszarach wiejskich, mogą potencjalnie wpłynąć na wiele aspektów systemu osadnictwa ludzkiego jako całości, czyniąc go czystszym, bardziej praktycznym, bardziej harmonijnym i ogólnie przyjemniejszym miejscem do zamieszkania. Korzyści te będą miały zwielokrotniony wpływ na zdrowie, bogactwo i szczęście mieszkańców obszarów wiejskich; efektywność, nowoczesność i dobrobyt przedsiębiorstw wiejskich; i jakość życia na obszarach wiejskich

Development of hydroxyapatite-based nanomaterials to enhance biological response of osteoblast cells for clinical application

Purpose: To develop a novel chitosan/gelatin-hydroxyapatite (CGHaP) microspheres for evaluating the biological response of pre-osteoblast cells.Methods: The microsphere was prepared by water-in-oil emulsion method. Cell proliferation was studied using AlamarBlue colorimetric assay and DAPI staining while alkaline phosphatase assay was carried out by colorimetric assay method. Chitosan microspheres as well as chitosan-hydroxyapatite microspheres was prepared and tested for biological response from MC3T3-E1 cell line.Results: The results showed that CGHaP promotes MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and spread on the surface of microspheres. The cells were clustered with more actin filaments and well-linked with neighbouring cells or adjacent cells when cultured in CGHaP microspheres whereas fewer cells were spread on chitosan (CH) microspheres. CGHaP microspheres significantly (p < 0.05) promoted cell attachment, proliferation and extracellular matrix mineralization. CGHaP microspheres presented significantly (p < 0.02) higher calcium deposition (0.5 ng) than CH microspheres (0.28 ng). Specifically,  CGHaP microspheres exhibited high ALP activity (8 units; 2-fold) compared to CH with 3 units, after 7 days of incubation. The results suggest that CGHaP possesses a great ability to facilitate bone ingrowth formation and possibility of good osteointegration in vivo.Conclusion: The nanomaterial enhances the proliferation of pre-osteoblast cells in tissue engineering microspheres. The outcome of this study may have a major impact on the development of novel nanomaterials for bone tissue engineering.Keywords: Chitosan/gelatin-hydroxyapatite, Osteoblast, Osteoinduction, Bone tissue engineering, Nanomaterials, Microspheres, Calcium nodule formatio

Single-photon transport and mechanical NOON state generation in microcavity optomechanics

We investigate the single-photon transport in a single-mode optical fiber coupled to an optomechanical system in the single-photon strong-coupling regime. The single-photon transmission amplitude is analytically obtained with a real-space approach and the effects of thermal noises are studied via master-equation simulations. The results provide an explicit understanding of optomechanical interaction and offer a useful guide for manipulating single photons in optomechanical systems. Based on the theoretical framework, we further propose a scheme to generate the mechanical NOON states with arbitrary phonon numbers by measuring the sideband photons. The probability for generating the NOON state with five phonons is over 0.15.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure

Prevention and Control of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollutions in UK and Suggestions to China

Currently, the world is facing challenges of maintaining food production growth while improving agricultural ecological environmental quality. The prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, a key component of these challenges, is a systematic program which integrates many factors such as technology and its extension, relevant regulation and policies. In the project of UK-China Sustainable Agriculture Innovation Network, we undertook a comprehensive analysis of the prevention and control technology, technology extension systems and related policy measures of agricultural non-point source pollution in UK. We then proposed the promotion of prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in China. Considering the current agricultural resources and environment countermeasures of “one control”(control over the total quantity of the agricultural water and agricultural water environment pollution), “two reduction”(reduction in quantities of fertilizers and pesticides), and “three basic countermeasures”(resource utilization, recycling, and mitigate harm from treatment of livestock and poultry wastes, agricultural plastic films and crop straws), we suggested that in the near future source control and process prevention should be technical priorities. Optimization and reduction of chemical fertilizer, combined use of chemical and organic fertilizers, land utilization management, agricultural sector adjustment and integration of crop production with animal husbandry should be the key technologies. The role of non-governmental technical service should be promoted. Government subsidies, ecological compensations and other forms of economic means could be used to encourage famers actively participate in the prevention and control of nitrogen and phosphorus losses and pollution in soil and water systems. Related technical documents and regulations should be more specific, clear, and practical. Collection, transmission and analysis of non-point source pollution data relying on modern information approaches should also be incorporated in the non-point source control projects. The prevention and control of non-point source pollution from agriculture should be integrated into the overall national economic and social development planning, and be unified with the industry optimization and economic development indicators to improve the quality of ecological civilization construction, aiming at the sustainable economic and social development in China