MULTI_LEVEL SECURE FROM WEB INTRUSION AND QUERY ATTACKS ON WEB DATABASE

Most data frameworks and business applications assembled these days have a web frontend and they should be generally accessible to customers, representatives and accomplices around the globe, as the computerized economy is turning out to be increasingly pervasive in the worldwide economy. Strategy and a model instrument to assess web application security components. In this paper, we along these lines propose to make trusted equipment a top notch national in the safe information administration field. Additionally, we trust that cost-driven bits of knowledge and compositional standards will generally change the way frameworks and calculations are planned. We present an outsourced database model that permits customers to execute SQL questions with security and under administrative consistence imperatives by utilizing server-facilitated, sealed trusted equipment in basic inquiry preparing stages, along these lines expelling any confinements on the kind of bolstered inquiries

Culm anatomy revealed association of vascular bundle number and silicon content with lodging behaviour in Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.)

893-898In dry lands, small millets such as kodo millet contribute to regional food security to some extent. It is normally harvested using paddy combine harvester due to labour scarcity. However, the current varieties are not amenable for mechanized harvesting as they lodge at grain filling and maturity stages, thus resulting in heavy grain loss in terms of quality and quantity. In this context, we studied the anatomical features of culm and elemental composition in relation to lodging behaviour in kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.), which is one of the important yield limiting factors in this crop. The strong culm genotype, Adari had higher culm thickness, thicker mechanical tissue, more lignin deposition and more number of vascular bundles per cross section when compared to the weaker counterpart, Aamo10. However, not all the genotypes with thicker culm were lodging resistant. Sel21 which recorded the highest culm thickness (1283.4 μm) among the genotypes lodged heavily as higher culm thickness in Sel21 was not supported by an increased number of vascular bundles. Interestingly, TNPsc183 which had a moderate culm thickness of 782.82 μm exhibited a low degree of lodging and had more number of vascular bundles per cross section than Sel21. Hence, ‘number of vascular bundles per unit area’ appears to be an important trait in contributing lodging resistance in kodo millet. SEM-EDX studies for silicon and potassium contents in culm implicated the role of silicon, but not potassium in imparting culm strength in kodo millet. However, more potassium content in parenchymatous cell wall suggests its role in imparting strength to the non-lignified cells of the culm

Breeding Progress and Future Challenges: Abiotic Stresses

Mungbean is a short-season tropical grain legume grown on some six million hectares each year. Though predominantly a crop of smallholder farmers and subsistence agriculture mungbean is increasingly seen as a high value crop for international markets with broad acre production under modern farming systems established in Australia, South America, West Asia and Africa. Key benefits of mungbean are its nutritional and monetary value. It provides a short duration, flexible disease break when fit into intensive wheat, rice and summer cereal rotations and its self-sufficiency for nitrogen. The short growing season of 55–100 days places a ceiling on productivity which is further impacted by the traditional low-input farming systems where mungbean is most frequently produced; global yield averages are 0.5 tonnes per hectare though 3 tonnes per hectare is considered achievable under favourable conditions. Increased reliability of mungbean in subsistence systems has been achieved by developing shorter duration, more determinate ideotypes and by the manipulation of sowing time. The strategy of reducing exposure to risk was very successful in transforming mungbean rather than identifying and breeding inherent resilience. The major abiotic stresses of mungbean presented here are drought, heat, waterlogging, low temperatures and salinity. Sources of tolerance identified for all of these stresses have been identified in the germplasm collections of cultivated mungbean as well as wild relatives. Future research efforts must combine known sources of genetic variation with the investigation into the biochemical and physiological processes in order to understand and breed for tolerance to abiotic stress in mungbean