Nano Calculators

The whole circuit is obtained from the sun through a molecule called "Rhodopsin and bacteriorhodopsin". These molecules have the capability of trapping and storing energy from the sun light. These molecules are placed on the outer surface of the calculator to trap the energy and store it themselves for latter usage. The thickness of the whole circuit measures less than 300nm.The top layer is made up of layer which will show the different keys and a display unit. "Molecules are not only meant for compounding But also for computing".Comment: Submitted on behalf of TIMA Editions (http://irevues.inist.fr/tima-editions

Evaluation of Outcome in Patients with Perforation Peritonitis using Mannheim’s Peritonitis Index

INTRODUCTION: Peritonitis due to hollow viscous perforation is one of the most common surgical emergencies, and an important problem that a surgeon has to face. Despite advances in diagnosis, management and critical care of patients with peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation, prognosis remains poor. Early assessment by scoring systems will influence the management and prognosis. Realising the need for a simple accurate scoring system in these conditions the present study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of MANNHEIM PERITONITIS INDEX (MPI) scoring system in predicting the risk of mortality in patients with peritonitis due to hollow viscous perforation. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of MANNHEIM PERITONITIS INDEX in predicting mortality in patients with perforation peritonitis. METHODS: Retrospective study of 50 patients admitted and operated for peritonitis in Stanley Medical College Hospital. The structured scoring system i.e. MPI was applied along with other clinical and biochemical parameters recorded in pre-structured proforma and the patients were grouped into 3 - Patients with MPI scores (a) less than 21 (b) 21 – 29 and (c) more than 29. Data was analysed for predicting mortality and morbidity using SPSS. RESULTS: In our study of 50 patients, we had 7 mortalities (14% of the study population). In our study the there was no death in patients with MPI score less than 21, in MPI score between 21to 29 the mortality was 14.28%., while in patients with MPI score greater than 29 the mortality was 100% (P 24 hrs (p < 0.006) showed statistical significance in predicting mortality. CONCLUSION: MPI is accurate to be used with patients with peritonitis and should be considered reliable and simple reference for estimating their risk of death

Temperature scaling in a dense vibro-fluidised granular material

The leading order "temperature" of a dense two dimensional granular material fluidised by external vibrations is determined. An asymptotic solution is obtained where the particles are considered to be elastic in the leading approximation. The velocity distribution is a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution in the leading approximation. The density profile is determined by solving the momentum balance equation in the vertical direction, where the relation between the pressure and density is provided by the virial equation of state. The predictions of the present analysis show good agreement with simulation results at higher densities where theories for a dilute vibrated granular material, with the pressure-density relation provided by the ideal gas law, are in error. The theory also predicts the scaling relations of the total dissipation in the bed reported by McNamara and Luding (PRE v 58, p 813).Comment: ReVTeX (psfrag), 5 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to PR

Characterization of the stationary states of a dilute vibrofluidized granular bed

This paper reports two phenomena in an event driven simulation of a dilute vibrofluidized granular material in two dimensions. Both phenomena show inhomogeneity in the horizontal direction. They are convection rolls similar to the Rayleigh-Benard thermal convection in fluids, and a clustering instability, where the bed spontaneously phase separates into coexisting dense and dilute regions. Detailed investigations show that these are different from the known instabilities in a vibrated granular medium. Characterization of these instabilities is carried out with a phase diagram using suitable parameters from the kinetic theory of vibrofluidized beds

Food of Indian tunas

The existing knowledge on the food of Indian tunas is only of a preliminary nature and relates to the following species: Auxis thazard, thynnoides, Eutynnus affinis affinis, Sarda orientalis, Kishinoella tonggol, Katsuwonus pelamis and Neothunnus macropterus. This has been briefly reviewed and compared with observations from other area

Tuberculosis control strategies: Challenges to health management research

The rapid expansion of RNTCP implementation in this vast and diverse county with quality maintenance demands proactive involvement of policy makers, programme managers, researchers and health functionaries. Mid-term goal for the programme have to be defined. Problems in achieving these objectives have to be identified and a research agenda needs to be formulated to answer the constrains identified. Research, by being linked to the constrains and objectives, will always be relevant to TB control programme and the findings would influence policy and practice. Operational research should become an integral component of the programme management