Role of distal femoral locking plate in management of distal femoral fracture: a prospective study

Background: Distal femoral fracture one of common surgical challenges for an orthopaedic surgeon. Distal femoral locking plate is a good implant to be used in this anatomical location. Aim of our study was to review functional outcome, union time and complications in distal femoral fracture treated with distal femoral locking plate.Methods: A prospective study was done during June 2012 to July 2016. Patients were included on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. These patients were managed with distal femoral locking plate by close or open method. Pritchett rating system was used to assess functional outcome of patient.Results: Total 28 patient were enrolled in our study. There were 21 male and 7 female. The age range was from 21 to 68 years. Functional outcome was excellent in 14 patient, good in 7 Patient fair in 3 and poor 4. Conclusions: Distal femoral locking plate is a reliable implant for treatment of distal femoral fracture including osteoporotic fractures. Proper surgical technique is key to good result

Genetic diversity assessment in Indian cultivated pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties using RAPD markers

In the present study, the genetic diversity and inter-relationships among 12 varieties of pea were analyzed by using RAPD markers. A total of 118 bands were generated with 20 RAPD primers, of which 107 bands were polymorphic (90.81%). The PIC value ranged from 0.602-0.863 with an average of 0.754. High level of polymorphism and low genetic similarity within pea varieties suggested that they have a high level of genetic diversity. Unique RAPD fragments (700bp-1500bp) were also observed in five varieties i.e., AP-01, Aparna, Uttra, Rachna and Rachna-1D. In the dendrogram, 12 varieties were broadly grouped into 2 main clusters consisting of 5 (Cluster-I) and 4 (Cluster-II) varieties, respectively, while other three varieties i.e., KPMR-522, Aparna and AP-03 were out of group. In cluster-I, Ambika and AP-01 and Rachna and Vikas showed 62% and 58% similarities whereas, HUDP-15 grouped with 56% similarities with rest two varieties. In cluster II, Uttara and Prakash showed maximum similarity (65%) whereas, Rachna1-D showed (58%) similarities with them. KPMR-400 showed 52% similarity in this group. KPMR-400, Aparna and AP-03 were more diverse in comparison to others. A two-dimensional plot generated from principal co-ordinate analysis of RAPD data also supported the clustering pattern of dendrogram. This study indicated the presence of high genetic diversity among pea varieties, which could be used for developing core collections of pea germplasm for breeding and germplasm management purposes

Study And Modeling of Question Answer System Using Deep Learning Technique of AI

In this paper, the different QA system types, the theoretical foundation for deep learning models, the metaheuristic optimization techniques, and the performance assessment metrics are discussed. A suggested architecture for a question-and-answer system that takes a deep learning approach is shown here. The study also covers the constraints and factors to take into account regarding the aforementioned system

Dynamization of external fixator is single stage definitive procedure for open fractures both bone leg

Background: Open fracture both bone leg is a common fracture present in orthopaedic causality. Treatment consists of I. V. antibiotics, debridement and external fixator. Judicious selection of the patients on basis of Gustilio and Anderson classification leads to external fixator as a definitive and single stage procedure with dynamization. It reduces the risk of infection at time of definitive procedure and number of hospital stay and surgery.Methods: In school of medical sciences and research, We treated 68 patients with open both bone fracture (Gustilio and Anderson type 2 and 3b) with debridement and external fixator. All patients underwent dynamization depending upon fracture pattern. Majority of our cases were road traffic accident involving male. Average duration of union was 22 to 26 weeks. There was no need for any major plastic surgery procedure. Removal of external fixator and Patellar tendon brace (PTB) was given for the period of 4 to 6 weeks at the time of clinical and radiological union.Results: Eighty eight percent of our cases united well. This reduces the burden of secondary definitive procedure, infection and cost of treatment. So careful selection of the patients and dynamization of external fixator hold the place for definitive surgical option for open both bone fractures.Conclusions: External fixator is simple effective surgical procedure for open fractures both bone leg. Staged dynamization of external fixator add in the better union with functional outcome and cost effective.

Improved rehabilitation and functional outcome with dedicated joint irrigation at the end of ACL reconstruction

Background: ACL is most common ligament injured during sports. Postoperative pain and swelling is one of the major limiting factors for the rehabilitation of ACL reconstructed patients. Cryotherapy and intra-articular bupivacaine injection are few measures to reduce the pain. One of the main reason for pain is inflammatory mediators, by joint irrigation it reduce the inflammatory mediator that reduce pain and swelling.Methods: We treated 33 patients of ACL injury with arthroscopic ACL reconstruction from July 2015 to April 2017. Postoperative pain and swellings were assed with VAS and suprapatellar fullness. VAS assessment done on 1st day, 2nd day and 12th day and for swelling 2nd day and 12th day. We had used closed loop endobutton for femur and bioscrew for tibia. In twenty patients at the end of the surgery we used 2 liter saline for joint irrigation.Results: As a result of wash of pro inflammatory mediators and debris, there were reduced inflammation which reduces pain and swelling. Patients who received irrigation had less VAS score and suprapatellar fullness than the other group. There was better knee flexion on 12th day.Conclusions: Adding up a dedicated joint irrigation at the end of surgery does not deviate from standard surgical protocol. No studies have stress upon joint irrigation. It reduce the pain and swelling by reducing inflammation which gives better result.

DYNAMIC STACK PORT SERDES POWER UTILIZATION FOR A SUSTAINABLE DATA STACK

Multiple network switches may be stacked, one atop another, and then interconnected through each switch’s two stack ports (SPs). Within such a stack arrangement, techniques are presented herein that support dynamically reducing the power utilization of a switch’s SP Serializer/Deserializer (SerDes) blocks without interrupting any data traffic. Under aspects of the presented techniques, a switch may transition between different power saving modes, which may include a normal mode (encompassing powering down the SerDes blocks of both of the switch’s SPs), an optimized mode (encompassing reducing the speed of the SP SerDes blocks), and a smart mode (encompassing dynamically powering up and down one of the switch’s SPs based on a budgeting of the network traffic). Under further aspects of the presented techniques, the selection of a power saving mode may be based on a switch’s configuration (such as a standalone arrangement, part of a half-ring topology, or part of a full-ring topology) and a switch’s input traffic bandwidth

Improvement of renal profile in Gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity in albino wistar rats by edible macrofungi Dacryopinax spathularia and Schizophyllum commune

he present work has been taken to assess the pharmacological efficacy of two edible macrofungi Dacryopinax spathularia and Schizophyllum commune in the improvement of renal profile of Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in albino wistar rats. The intra-peritoneal administration of gentamicin 80 mg/Kg Body Weight per day had resulted in alterations in renal function and renal damage which was reflected by abnormal and significant (p=0.05) increase in renal function parameters of blood like Urea, Creatinine, Uric Acid and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN). On administration of high dose (500 mg/Kg BW) of D. Spathularia extract to the nephrotoxic group of rats the concentration of urea, creatinine, uric acid and BUN significantly decreased from 104.26±7.45 to 76.27±7.24, 1.17±0.43 to 0.68±0.47, 3.68±1.34 to 2.58±0.56 and 48.72±4.36 to 31.14±3.76 respectively, in comparison to the nephrotoxic group of rats. On the other hand, the administration of high dose (500 mg/Kg BW) of S. commune extract to the nephrotoxic group of rats resulted into significant (p=0.05) decrease in the concentration of urea, creatinine, uric acid and BUN, from 104.26±7.45 to 51.42±6.15, 1.17±0.43 to 0.62±0.14, 3.68±1.34 to 2.36±0.74 and 48.72±4.36 to 28.65±3.85 respectively, in comparison to the nephrotoxic group of rats. The results also revealed that S. commune extract showed comparatively more efficacy in the renal profile improvement of nephrotoxic rats in comparison to the D. spathularia extract

Study of Impacts of Ganoderma applanatum (Pres.) Pat. Extract on Hepatic and Renal Biochemical Parameters of Rats

Traditionally, Ganoderma applanatum was used as medicinal supplement for treatment of different diseases. In this study, biochemical screening, acute toxicity, and impact of G. applanatum aqueous extract on liver and renal parameters were studied. Qualitative screening of G. applanatum aqueous extract showed presence of various biochemicals such as tannin, phenolics, proteins, flavanoids and other biochemicals. FTIR analysis also showed spectrum transmission peaks for different mycochemicals such as3248. 13cm-1 for phenol O-H stretch, 1597.06cm-1 for primary amine N-H stretch, 783.10cm-1 for aromatic (meta disub benzene) C-H stretch. The extract increased body weight (Initial body weight: 181.74g; final body weight: 185.08g) when compared to control group (Initial body weight: 178.61 g; final body weight: 181.14 g) in acute toxicity test dose (2000mg/kg). Similar insignificant in final body weight of animals of different groups were observed when compared to initial body weight of animals used for the study of live and renal profile. The extract had no significant effect on organ weight. Low dose (200mg kg-1) of extract insignificantly decrease AST (51.71±0.61 mg dL-1), ALT (146.07±0.89 mg dL-1), ALP (174.68±0.65 mg dL-1) and bilirubin (0.61±0.01 mg dL-1) level and significantly elevated serum albumin level (6.63±0.22 g dL-1) compare to control group.  Low dose (200mg kg-1) extract showed similar insignificant decrease in serum urea (61.30±1.05 mg dL-1) and creatinine level (0.90±0.02 mg dL-1) and significantly decreased serum uric acid level (19.52±1.14 mg dL-1) compare to control group of rats. Thus, dose-oriented application of G. applanatum extract can be beneficial for treatment of hepatic and renal diseases

Association of aLDFA with functional outcome of distal femur fracture treated with locking plate

Background: Distal femoral fracture is one of the common presentations in orthopaedic emergency. Stable fixation and early mobilization is necessary to avoid knee stiffness with maximum functional outcome. We have done a retrospective analysis of Type 33A (supracondylar) and type 33C (supraintercondylar) fracture with distal femoral locking plate. Close observation done by aLDFA for varus collapse and functional outcome.Methods: 61 patients of Type 33A (supracondylar) and Type 33C (supraintercondylar) treated from January 2011 to august 2016 selected for the study. Functional and radiological outcome of fracture assed by mize criteria and aLDFA respectively. Most of the cases of Type 33C shows some amount of varus collapse specially type 33C3.Results: 6 out of 8 patients treated with type 33C3 treated with isolated distal femoral locking plate showed varus collapse more than 10 associated with implant failure and non union.Conclusions: Type 33C3 subset required a special consideration like dual plating or cortical strut graft on first go. aLDFA is strong predictor of for functional and radiological outcome