9,975 research outputs found
Modified 2D Proca Theory: Revisited Under BRST and (Anti-)Chiral Superfield Formalisms
Within the framework of Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) approach, we discuss
mainly the fermionic (i.e. off-shell nilpotent) (anti-)BRST, (anti-)co-BRST and
some discrete dual-symmetries of the appropriate Lagrangian densities for a two
(1+1)-dimensional (2D) modified Proca (i.e. a massive Abelian 1-form) theory
without any interaction with matter fields. One of the novel observations of
our present investigation is the existence of some kinds of restrictions in the
case of our present St\"{u}ckelberg-modified version of the 2D Proca theory
which is not like the standard Curci-Ferrari (CF)-condition of a non-Abelian
1-form gauge theory. Some kinds of similarities and a few differences between
them have been pointed out in our present investigation. To establish the
sanctity of the above off-shell nilpotent (anti-)BRST and (anti-)co-BRST
symmetries, we derive them by using our newly proposed (anti-)chiral superfield
formalism where a few specific and appropriate sets of invariant quantities
play a decisive role. We express the (anti-)BRST and (anti-)co-BRST conserved
charges in terms of the superfields that are obtained after the applications of
(anti-)BRST and (anti-)co-BRST invariant restrictions and prove their off-shell
nilpotency and absolute anticommutativity properties, too. Finally, we make
some comments on (i) the novelty of our restrictions/obstructions, and (ii) the
physics behind the negative kinetic term associated with the pseudo-scalar
field of our present theory.Comment: LaTeX file, 58 pages, Journal reference give
Supersymmetric Oscillator: Novel Symmetries
We discuss various continuous and discrete symmetries of the supersymmetric
simple harmonic oscillator (SHO) in one (0 + 1)-dimension of spacetime and show
their relevance in the context of mathematics of differential geometry. We show
the existence of a novel set of discrete symmetries in the theory which has,
hitherto, not been discussed in the literature on theoretical aspects of SHO.
We also point out the physical relevance of our present investigation.Comment: REVTeX file, 5 pages, minor changes in title, text and abstract,
references expanded, version to appear in EP
Two Warehouses Inventory Model with Quadratic Demand and Maximum Life Time
This paper deals with a two warehouses inventory model with quadratic demand. Due to some seasonal products, all time retailers not fulfill the demand of customers, so to solve this difficulty retailer storage some product for future sales in out of season. Here we consider two warehouses system, Own Warehouse (OW) and Rent Warehouse (RW). This paper considers maximum life time for the products and shortages are not allowed. Mathematical model of this paper is proposed to obtain the total cycle time and minimum inventory cost. A numerical example is give to validate this proposed model
Heat capacity and magnetocaloric effect in polycrystalline Gd1-xSmxMn2Si2
We report the magnetocaloric effect in terms of isothermal magnetic entropy
change as well as adiabatic temperature change, calculated using the heat
capacity data. Using the zero field heat capacity data, the magnetic
contribution to the heat capacity has been estimated. The variations in the
magnetocaloric behavior have been explained on the basis of the magnetic
structure of these compounds. The refrigerant capacities have also been
calculated for these compounds
Multiple magnetic transitions and magnetocaloric effect in Gd1-xSmxMn2Ge2 compounds
Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of polycrystalline samples of
Gd1-xSmxMn2Ge2 have been studied. All the compounds except GdMn2Ge2 show
re-entrant ferromagnetic behavior. Multiple magnetic transitions observed in
these compounds are explained on the basis of the temperature dependences of
the exchange strengths of the rare earth and Mn sublattices. Magnetocaloric
effect is found to be positive at the re-entrant ferromagnetic transition,
whereas it is negative at the antiferro-ferromagnetic transition. In SmMn2Ge2,
the magnetic entropy change associated with the re-entrant transition is found
to decrease with field, which is attributed to the admixture effect of the
crystal field levels. The isothermal magnetic entropy change is found to
decrease with increase in Sm concentration.Comment:
Mucormycosis in a healthy elderly patient presenting as oro-antral fistula: report of a rare incidence
Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection that commonly affects patients who are immuno-compromised. It invariably presents as an acute spreading infection, with very poor prognosis if not treated promptly. We
report a case of mucormycosis in immuno-competent elderly patient, presenting as oro-antral communication.
Patient’s history, clinical and laboratory evaluation revealed no systemic predisposing factors. The disease was
non-fulminant, localized and showed remission after local measures, without parentral anti-fungal therap
A Two Warehouse Inventory Model with Stock-Dependent Demand and variable deterioration rate
In this paper we discuss a two warehouses inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items. Throughout last so many years, mostly researchers have consideration to the situation where the demand rate is dependent on the level of the on-hand inventory. For inventory systems, such as fashionable commodities, the length of the waiting time for the next replenishment would determine whether the backlogging will be accepted or not. In real life situation, enterprises usually buy more goods than can be stored in their own warehouses (OW) for future production or sales. The surplus quantities are frequently stored in an extra storage space, represented by rented warehouses (RW).The rented warehouse is considered to charge high unit holding cost than the own warehouse. The necessary and sufficient conditions of the existence and uniqueness of the optimal solution are shown. We determine the optimal replenishment policy for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with partial backlogging and stock-dependent demand
BRST analysis of topologically massive gauge theory: novel observations
A dynamical non-Abelian 2-form gauge theory (with B \wedge F term) is endowed
with the "scalar" and "vector" gauge symmetry transformations. In our present
endeavor, we exploit the latter gauge symmetry transformations and perform the
Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) analysis of the four (3 + 1)-dimensional (4D)
topologically massive non-Abelian 2-form gauge theory. We demonstrate the
existence of some novel features that have, hitherto, not been observed in the
context of BRST approach to 4D (non-)Abelian 1-form as well as Abelian 2-form
and 3-form gauge theories. We comment on the differences between the novel
features that emerge in the BRST analysis of the "scalar" and "vector" gauge
symmetries of the theory.Comment: LaTeX file, 14 pages, an appendix added, references expanded, version
to appear in EPJ
Absolutely anticommuting (anti-)BRST symmetry transformations for topologically massive Abelian gauge theory
We demonstrate the existence of the nilpotent and absolutely anticommuting
Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) and anti-BRST symmetry transformations for the
four (3 + 1)-dimensional (4D) topologically massive Abelian U(1) gauge theory
that is described by the coupled Lagrangian densities (which incorporate the
celebrated (B \wedge F) term). The absolute anticommutativity of the (anti-)
BRST symmetry transformations is ensured by the existence of a Curci-Ferrari
type restriction that emerges from the superfield formalism as well as from the
equations of motion that are derived from the above coupled Lagrangian
densities. We show the invariance of the action from the point of view of the
symmetry considerations as well as superfield formulation. We discuss,
furthermore, the topological term within the framework of superfield formalism
and provide the geometrical meaning of its invariance under the (anti-) BRST
symmetry transformations.Comment: LaTeX file, 22 pages, journal versio
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