A clinical study to evaluate the effect of Shreekhandasava in Madatyaya w.s.r. to Alcohol use disorder

Objective: To study Madatyaya / Alcohol use disorder conceptually and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Shrikhandasava in Madatyaya/Alcohol use disorder. Design of the study: An open labelled clinical study with pre and post-test design. Source of data: 20 patients diagnosed as Madatyaya fulfilling the diagnostic and inclusion criteria were selected from IPD and OPD of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Ayurveda Hospital, Kutpadi, Udupi. Intervention: Shreekhandasava in a dose of 24ml, twice a day after food for 14 days. Main outcome measures: Percentage changes in symptoms including CIWA-Ar score. Results: the statistical analysis was done by paired ‘t’ test and results obtained were highly significant ( p<0.001). Overall improvement of patients, 10% got complete remission, 85% got marked improvement and 5% got moderate improvement from the symptoms. Conclusion: Test drug (Shrikhandasava) shows significant results in remission of signs and symptoms of Madatyaya

Malrotation with Distal Duodenal Necrosis in a Neonate

Malrotation with midgut volvulus often results in gangrene of midgut with relative sparing of duodenum. An extremely unusual case of Malrotation with isolated necrosis of distal duodenum is described with brief review of literature. Isolated duodenal necrosis in association with malrotation is very rare; it increases the complexity of surgery and prolongs hospital stay

Single Stage Management of Anorectal Malformation in Male Neonates: Experience of a Tertiary Care Centre

Introduction: Anorectal malformation [ARM] can be treated either by staged procedures or by a single stage procedure. In the present study we have performed single stage surgery of ARM in male neonates. Materials and Methods: Retrospective review of cases of ARM operated over 4 years at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, and Bihar from January 2015 to December 2018 were undertaken. In this study we have compared the results of single stage repair of Anorectal malformation with that of staged procedures performed earlier. Fifty four patients of Anorectal malformation were operated by single stage procedure (category 1) this was compared with staged procedures (category 2). Forty three patients underwent primary PSARP (posterior sagittal anorectoplasty) and the remaining 11 primary APP (abdomino-perineal pull through) procedure. The result of these single stage procedures were compared with that of staged procedures (category 2) in which a total of 39 cases were operated from 2012 to 2014. Result: Mean post-operative hospital stay in category 1 was 11 days and 32 days in category 2. In category 1, 20 patients were analysed. In which PSARP procedure was done in 15 and in 5 patients APP procedure was performed. The Rest of the patients are in follow up. Kelly score was good to fair in 17 patients (85%) and poor in 3 (15%) patients. In category 2 it was good to fair in 28 (71.7%) cases and poor in 11 cases (28%). Conclusion: Single stage surgical repair of anorectal malformation in male neonates is reliable and can be safely performed. Early results are encouraging; however, a long term follow-up is required to get any definite conclusion

Role of Nephrostomy in poorly functioning kidneys in patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO)

Introduction: Several studies have addressed the unique management challenges in poorly functioning kidneys of patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Trial with percutaneous drainage of such kidneys as a guide to choose the type of surgical management would be a solution to this dilemma. We aimed to evaluate the role of percutaneous nephrostomy in treatment of poorly functioning kidneys in pediatric patients with UPJO.Materials and Methods: A prospective study was performed on patients with poorly functioning kidneys (split renal function<10% on renal dynamic scan) and unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction from August 2016 to January 2018. Ultrasound-guided nephrostomy was inserted for these patients. Data regarding the differential renal function and glomerular function rate (GFR) was collected before and after nephrostomy insertion. Decision regarding pyeloplasty or nephrectomy of the involved kidney was made based on changes seen in differential function and Glomerular filtration rate following the drainage.Results: Thirty three patients with unilateral UPJO with poorly functioning kidneys were treated during this period. Thirty patients had significant increase in differential function and glomerular filtration rate. These patients underwent pyeloplasty. In 2 patients, these parameters did not increase much and they underwent nephrectomy. One patient had an infected kidney which did not improve significantly on drainage and had to be removed. Of the 30 patients who had pyeloplasty, two developed obstruction after 3 months of removal of double-J stent and needed reoperation.Conclusion: Percutaneous nephrostomy in poorly functioning kidneys with ureteropelvic junction obstruction helps to identify potentially salvageable kidneys which merit pyeloplasty. Kidneys which do not improve with nephrostomy are unlikely to improve with pyeloplasty and therefore nephrectomy is done in such cases.

PMUT-Powered Photoacoustic Detection: Revolutionizing Microfluidic Concentration Measurements

This report introduces a novel optofluidic platform based on piezo-MEMS technology, capable of identifying subtle variations in the fluid concentration. The system utilizes piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers (PMUTs) as receivers to capture sound waves produced by nanosecond photoacoustic (PA) pulses emanating from a fluid target housed in PDMS microchannels. Additionally, a dedicated low-noise single-channel amplifier has been developed to extract the minute analog voltage signals from the PMUTs, given the inherently weak ultrasound signals generated by fluid targets. The PMUTs' proficiency in detecting changes in fluid concentration under both static and time-varying conditions has been documented and verified, confirming the platform's efficacy in monitoring fluid concentrations.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure

High anorectal malformation in a five-month-old boy: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Anorectal malformation, one of the most common congenital defects, may present with a wide spectrum of defects. Almost all male patients present within first few days of life.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A five-month-old baby boy of Indian origin and nationality presented with anal atresia and associated rectourethral prostatic fistula. The anatomy of the malformation and our patient's good condition permitted a primary definitive repair of the anomaly. A brief review of the relevant literature is included.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Delayed presentation of a patient with high anorectal malformation is rare. The appropriate treatment can be rewarding.</p

Facile method to tune the particle size and thermal stability of magnetite nanoparticles

Nucleation and growth mechanism of iron oxide nanoparticles on zeolite template and their stability dependence are reported. Hyperfine field resulting from the variation of particle size indicates the effect of zeolite on particles growth; particle size decreases at lower concentration of zeolite. At higher concentration, a fraction of nano Fe3O4 experiences hyperfine field (45 and 49 T) similar to bulk particles. Effect of incubation and digestion time on the particles growth and the binding effect with zeolite are discussed. Annealing treatments show that the binding of nanoparticles with zeolite stabilizes the nanoparticles with regard to agglomeration and structural transformation. Thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) shows that increase in dehydration temperature from 335.1 to 351.7 K results in zeolite content increasing from 0 to 1000 mg. Weight loss of the particles prepared in incubation time of 0.5 min is 9.46% and reaches 13.9% in 240 min. The weight loss remains practically constant at ca. 9% irrespective of the digestion method