RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF METRONIDAZOLE AND NALIDIXIC ACID IN TABLETS

Objective: To develop an accurate, precise and linear Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for simultaneous quantitative estimation of Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid in tablets and validate as per ICH guidelines.Methods: The optimized method uses a reverse phase C18 column Inertsil ODS C18 column (250X4.6 mm×5µ) mobile phase consisting of mixed phosphate buffer (pH 4.5; KH2PO4+K2HPO4):methanol: acetonitrile in the proportion of 30:50:20 v/v. The mobile phase was set at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min and the volume injected was 20μl for every injection. The detection wavelength was set at 271 nm. Results: The developed method resulted in Metronidazole eluting at 2.92 min and Nalidixic acid at 3.99 min. Metronidazole exhibited linearity in the range 30-70μg/ml, while Nalidixic acid exhibited linearity in the range 45-105μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by relative standard deviations of 0.714% for Metronidazole and 0.398% for Nalidixic acid. Percentage Mean recoveries were found to be in the range of 98â€102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) for Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid were found to be 2.48µg/ml and 2.24µg/ml respectively, while limit of quantitiation (LOQ) for Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid were found to be 7.51µg/ml and 6.79µg/ml respectively.Conclusion: A simple, accurate, precise, linear and rapid RP-HPLC method was developed for simultaneous quantitative estimation of Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid in tablets and validated as per ICH guidelines. Hence it can be used for the routine analysis of Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid in tablets in various pharmaceutical industries.Â

Effects of Diabetes on pulmonary function tests in COPD Patient

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a condition caused by abnormalities in the inflammatory responses of the lungs to irritable particles or gases. This is an irreversible condition that progresses in later years.Diabetes patients have an increased risk of developing abnormal lung functioning and also in conditions of COPD it even worsens the condition, up to 1.6-16% of the COPD population were affected due to diabetes mellitus.Many studies also suggest that the lungs are a target organ in diabetes and glycemic exposure may be a causation factor for reduced lung function. Systemic inflammation, hypoxemia, oxidative stress, altered gas exchange, and changes in lung tissues were the major impacts on the respiratory system which were induced by hypoglycemia. In this study, we aimed to assess the lung functioning in COPD patients with diabetes by performing the pulmonary functions test like spirometry by obtaining the values of FVC, FEV1, FEV/FVC, and PEF thereby analyzing the level of lung dysfunction that has been done. Patients were includes of both genders and were divided into two groups depending on their disease group 1 includes COPD and group 2 includes COPD with DM considering twenty members in each group. Our study results show that diabetes worsens the lung functioning in COPD than it already is, it may also cause respiratory collapse if untreated

Advanced Integrated Fire Halt Robot

This paper develop a fire halt robot using RF technology to control the fire accidents. This robot is designed with water tanker, a pump, elide fire ball and carbon dioxide cylinder which are controlled by wireless communication. An 8051 series of AT89S52 microcontroller is used to design this robot. In this model Transmitter pass the commands to the Receiver using buttons to control the movement of the robot as per the required application. By using three motors at receiver side and are interfaced to the microcontroller for the movement of the robot and to position the arm of the robot. A motor driver IC is interfaced to control the fire extinguishing devices

Evaluation of Selected Flavonoids for the Anthelmintic and Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Activity using Animal Models

Most fruits and vegetables contain flavonoids, a type of phytonutrient. As well as carotenoids, they're responsible for fruits and vegetable brilliant hues. Some other phytonutrients such as flavonoids are strong antioxidants with anti-inflammatory and immune properties. There are many flavonoids, including anthocyanins, flavones, flavonols, flavonoids, and isoflavonoids. Quercetin and chrysin were chosen for the investigation. Humans and other animals can contract Helminthiasis (helminthiases), sometimes known as worm infection. Tapeworms, roundworms, and flukes are only a few of the parasites that exist. Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to treat spasticity caused by upper motor neuron syndromes and muscle discomfort or musculoskeletal spasms created by peripheral disturbances. Samples of quercetin and chrysin were generated in the presence of 0.5% SCMC suspension at concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/ml, and then analyzed. To keep track of photocell beam disruptions, a six-digit counter was utilized (locomotor activity). It was time to turn on the actophotometer and examine the locomotor behavior of each rat for five minutes. The basal activity levels of all the animals were recorded. Keywords: Flavonoids, Anthelmintic, Skeletal Muscle relaxant, animal model

Evaluating Aged Consumers Insight Regarding Modern Medicine and Traditional Medicine

The term traditional medicine is used to explain the traditional medical practice that has been in existence even before the advent of modern medicine. It is widely accepted and used in the prevention and treatment of physical and mental treatment as well as a social imbalance. There seem to be limits to the development of new drugs based exclusively on modern technologies. Since the 1980s, the pharmaceutical industry has tended to use high throughput synthesis and drug development based on combinatorial chemistry in developing new drugs/medicines. However, significant efforts in this direction have not resulted in the drug's expected productivity. Some large pharmaceutical companies are facing significant challenges in developing new products. Our study was to evaluate the aged population's insight regarding traditional medicine and modern medicine. It was a prospective study with duration of three months from February 2021 to April 2021. The study was conducted in the population in and around Vijayawada. A total of 400 samples were collected. Generally, nowadays people are not aware of traditional medicines even if they are inexpensive when compared to modern drugs.  So we conducted this study to know the knowledge of aged peoples on traditional medicine and to know their perception regarding both modern medicine and traditional medicine. Keywords: Traditional medicine, Modern medicine, Natural, Aged, Population

A CASE STUDY ON REDUCTION OF LUNG FUNCTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS IN ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pulmonary functions in patients with diabetes. Many studies additionally counsel that the respiratory organ as an organ in diabetes and glycemic exposure could also be an effort issue for reduced respiratory organ operate. Systemic inflammation, hypoxemia, oxidative stress, altered gas exchange, and changes in lung tissues were the major impacts on the respiratory system which were induced by hypoglycemia. Methods: Forty individual patients of both sexes were involved in the study and divided into two groups depending on their conditions. Group A consists of individuals without any complications or any disease conditions and group B consists of diabetic patients excluding smokers and divided into twenty to each group. Results: SPSS software was used for the analysis and spirometry was the device used to determine the pulmonary function. Values of Forced Expiratory Volume 1, Forced Vital Capacity, Forced Expiratory Flow, FEV% were only considered in the study and the study results conclude that diabetes shows its effect on the lungs in long term and leads to a decrease in lung function. Conclusion: It was concluded that that monitoring the Pulmonary function tests of the diabetic patients helps the individuals to avoid any complications further ahead and also it helps to ease the flow of the recovery and also prevent further more comorbidity that might arise in the future.                           Peer Review History: Received: 1 September 2021; Revised: 10 October; Accepted: 4 October, Available online: 15 November 2021 Academic Editor:  Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.  Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Kolawole Oyetunji Timothy, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. [email protected] Dr. Nuray Arı, Ankara University, Turkiye, [email protected] Rima Benatoui, Laboratory of Applied Neuroendocrinology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Badji Mokhtar University Annaba, BP12 E L Hadjar–Algeria, [email protected] Similar Articles: CLINICAL COURSE AND DISEASE OUTCOME IN COVID-19 PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIABETES MELLITUS AND TUBERCULOSIS IN REVIEW OF PREVALENCE, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREVENTIO

Synthesis, Characterization and Anti-bacterial Activity of Schiff Bases of Sulphanilamide Derivatives

A Schiff base (azomethine) is named after its inventor, Hugo Schiff and it is a functional group that contains a carbon-nitrogen double bond with the nitrogen atom connected to an aryl or alkyl group but not hydrogen. Schiff bases have the general formula of R1R2C=NR3, where R3 is an aryl or alkyl group that makes the Schiff base a stable imine. Schiff bases can be synthesized from a reaction of an aromatic amine and a carbonyl compound by a nucleophilic addition forming a hemiaminal, followed by dehydration to generate an imine. The scheme includes Sulphanilamide react with various aromatic aldehydes to give Schiff base derivatives. (SFB-1 to SFB-5). All the synthesized compounds were purified by appropriate solvents, identified and characterized by TLC, Melting Point, IR spectroscopy. In the present study all synthesized compounds tested for anti bacterial activity and have shown significant activity when compared with standard drug Streptomycin. But as the biological and pharmacological screening conducted were preliminary