A comprehensive study on Twak Shareera and an experimental study to evaluate histological changes observed by application of Jathyadi Taila

Background: Twak is the outermost protective layer as well as largest sensory organ of body. Acharya Susrutha and Acharya Charaka described its layers according to their functions and diseases, which are related to those layers. It is the location of sweat channels, hairs and hair pits. It is the largest organ constituting 15 -20% of total body mass. Objectives: To do the literary study of Twak Shareera as explained in Samhitha, Comparative study of Twak Shareera with contemporary science and to study the wound healing process on the effect of Jathyadi Taila in experimental Wistar albino rats with control, standard and test group with the help of histological observation. Methodology: Literary study was done by collecting references from different Samhitas, contemporary science, journals and web sites. Experimental study was carried out on albino rats, wound is made under aseptic conditions and the skin is taken for histopathological study. Jathyadi Taila is applied at the site of wound in test group, Povidone- iodine is applied in Standard group and control group is left for natural healing. The skin is taken for histopathological studies on the 24th day in all the three groups. Results: The event in the wound healing like inflammatory phase, the granulation tissue, fibroblast etc are seen in histopathological studies. Application of Jathyadi Taila has shown significant results in wound healing and scar remodelling. The data shows there was Increase in percentage wound contraction of healing in standard and test group, when compared to the normal control group. The observed increase was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Jathyadi Taila does Shodhana and Ropana of Vrana by the virtue of its ingredients and its properties. Jathyadi Taila has shown significant results in wound healing and scar remodelling

A comprehensive study on Twak Shareera

Background: Twak is the outermost protective layer as well as largest sensory organ of body. Acharya Susrutha and Acharya Charaka described its layers according to their functions and diseases, which are related to those layers. It is the location of sweat channels, hairs and hair pits. It is the largest organ constituting 15-20% of total body mass. Objectives: To do the literary study of Twak Shareera as explained in Samhitha and Comparative study of Twak Shareera with contemporary science. Methodology: Literary study was done by collecting references from different Samhitas, contemporary science, journals and web sites. Conclusion: Twak is one of the Indriya Adhishtana. The total thickness of the Twak is Angushtodara Pramana, which is approximately 5.95 Yavas. After this study, Twak layers can be compared with skin. Avabhasini and Lohitha as Stratum Corneum, Sweta as stratum lucidum, Tamra as stratum spinousm and stratum granulosum, Vedini as stratum basale and papillary dermis, Rohini as reticular Dermis and Mamsadhara Twak as Superficial fascia

Heterosis for post harvest and nutritional quality traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

A study was conducted in tomato using an 6 x 6 diallel crossing design excluding reciprocals to quantify the magnitude of heterosis and to identify the best heterotic combinations for post harvest and nutritional quality attributes viz. pericarp thickness (mm), fruit firmness (g/0.503 cm2), shelf life (days), total soluble solids (oBrix), lycopene content (mg/100g) and ascorbic acid (mg/100g) which are considered essential in present day hybrid varieties of tomato from consumer point of view. All the 22 entries (6 parents, 15 F1 hybrids and 1 standard check) were field evaluated using randomized complete block design with three replications during Kharif 2015-16. Highly significant heterosis (5% level of significance) of positive nature was found for pericarp thickness (22.90%, 32.20% and 5.62%), fruit firmness (17.32%, 56.72% and 9.21%), shelf life (17.54%, 24.87% and 9.57%), total soluble solids (24.44%, 51.44% and 34.20%), lycopene content (28.75%, 35.05% and 25.63%) and ascorbic acid (19.07%,30.00% and 17.85%) over the better, mid and standard check, respectively. Three promising crosses viz., Solan Lalima x EC-1055, Solan Lalima x EC-1057 and Solan Lalima x EC-1058 were identified as high yielding F1 combinations having superiority to post harvest and nutritional quality traits in tomato and can be promoted for release and commercial cultivation

Cancer Detection Using Neuro Fuzzy Classifier in CT Images

In this study, we have implemented an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for detection of mass in CT images for early diagnosis of lung cancer. After completion of preprocessing and segmentation process four features have been extracted from images and given to ANFIS classifier as an input. The fuzzy system detects the severity of the lung nodules depends on IF-THEN rules. Feature based data set has been created with five fuzzy membership functions of each input. The proposed model is applied on more than 150 images and the computer added diagnosis (CAD) system achieved sensitivity of 97.27% and specificity of 95% with accuracy of 96.66%

Mass Segmentation Techniques For Lung Cancer CT Images

Mass segmentation methods are commonly used nowadays in modern diagnostic centers and research centers working in the field of lung cancer detection and diagnosis. We have implemented k-means and fuzzy cluster means (FCM) techniques for mass segmentation of lung CT images. The methods were compared in terms of area, perimeter and diameter. FCM outperforms K-means in terms of better detection of lung cancer area and effective values of dimensional features of lung cancer as compared to K-means method

Effect of packaging material and postharvest calcium treatment on weight loss, decay and biochemical quality of strawberry fruits during storage

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) fruits are highly perishable which lose their marketability within a short period of time, resulting in considerable loss of fruits after harvest. In present study, the packaging materials treatment i.e. polypropylene terephthalate (PET) Punnet and High density polythene (HDPE) crates and calcium compounds (CaCl2 and Ca(No3)2) were examined for the storability and biochemical quality of strawberry (cv. Winter Down) fruits in cold condition (3±1 °C) in comparison to the untreated control fruit in ambient storage for 3, 6 and 8 days storage period. Results revealed that physiological loss in weight (PLW) and fruit decay increased with the advancement of the storage period irrespective of the treatments. Fruits treated with CaCl2 (2%), packed in PET Punnets and stored in cold condition (3±1 °C) showed significantly minimum PLW (6.55, 11.12 and 15 34 %) and fruit decay (7.29, 17.71 and 34.38 %) at 3, 6 and 8 days storage, respectively. Non-treated control fruits at ambient conditions could not maintain their marketability even 3 days of storage and showed relatively high decay losses (25.00, 62.21 and 91.67 % at 3, 6 and 8 days of storage, respectively). Packaging and calcium treatment did not affect the fruit total soluble solids (TSS) and total sugars but was found effective to slow down the decrease of ascorbic acid and acidity contents of the fruit during storage. PET Punnets packaged fruits treated with CaCl2 (2%) under cold conditions retained better shelf-life with better biochemical quality of fruits during storage while untreated control fruits deteriorated rapidly