Fixed points of α – ψ multivalued contractive mappings in cone metric spaces

Some results on fixed points of α – ψ multivalued mappings of different contractive nature over a cone metric space with a normal constant equal to 1 have been established

Does real interest rate reduce income inequality in India? Evidence from multivariate framework analysis.

[Abstract] This study empirically examines the impact of real interest rate on income inequality in India within a Kuznets Curve framework considering the role of economic growth, trade openness and technological innovation as the control variables. This study employs the ARDL bounds test for validating the long-run relationship over the annual data period 1995 to 2019. The results reveal the long-run relationship between the series in India. The findings suggest that the initial increase in interest rate significantly reduces income inequality. But, in a later stage, a threshold exists for such an increased interest rate to revert the prior beneficial impact. This finding further shows that Kuznets’ inverted U-shaped hypothesis is not valid for the relationship between income inequality and real interest rate in India. It shows that the real interest rate impedes income distribution in the long run. These findings are also found to be robust using FMOLS and DOLS estimators. We find that economic growth significantly reduces income inequality, whereas trade openness promotes it. Surprisingly, technological innovation enhances income inequality, but this effect vanishes in the long-run. However, these findings suggest that policymakers in India should not ignore the impeding role of real interest rates while aiming at achieving effective income distribution between haves and have-nots in the long run

Does real interest rate reduce income inequality in India? Evidence from multivariate framework analysis.

This study empirically examines the impact of real interest rate on income inequality in India within a Kuznets Curve framework considering the role of economic growth, trade openness and technological innovation as the control variables. This study employs the ARDL bounds test for validating the long-run relationship over the annual data period 1995 to 2019. The results reveal the long-run relationship between the series in India. The findings suggest that the initial increase in interest rate significantly reduces income inequality. But, in a later stage, a threshold exists for such an increased interest rate to revert the prior beneficial impact. This finding further shows that Kuznets’ inverted U-shaped hypothesis is not valid for the relationship between income inequality and real interest rate in India. It shows that the real interest rate impedes income distribution in the long run. These findings are also found to be robust using FMOLS and DOLS estimators. We find that economic growth significantly reduces income inequality, whereas trade openness promotes it. Surprisingly, technological innovation enhances income inequality, but this effect vanishes in the long-run. However, these findings suggest that policymakers in India should not ignore the impeding role of real interest rates while aiming at achieving effective income distribution between haves and have-nots in the long run

CENTRALIZED HOST CONTROL SYSTEM

Abstract: This paper is based on the client server technology, in which different clients are connected to a centralized host machine to share files and folders. Clients should login to the server and they can upload, download and delete file from the server machine. Server also perform the monitoring of clients and can restrict the activity of any client by blocking its IP address. It is cost effective to manage and share files or data on single system instead of multiple systems

How Do Financial Globalization, Institutions and Economic Growth Impact Financial Sector Development in European Countries?

This paper examines the role of financial globalization, institutions and economic growth on the development of financial sector in European countries. We use panel data covering the period of 1989-2016. Using the composite index of financial development covers various dimensions of financial market, that is, depth, access and efficiency and four-way classification of institutions as suggested by Rodrick (2005) and Law et al. (2018), the empirical results indicate that economic growth and institutional quality are positively associated with financial development. Contrarily, financial globalization hinders the process of financial sector development. The results are robust to using alternative proxies of economic growth, institutional indicators and capturing the period of financial crisis. These empirical findings suggest policy guidelines to develop financial sector by using globalization, institutional quality and economic growth as economic tools

The Dynamics of Financial Development, Globalization, Economic Growth and Life Expectancy in Sub-Saharan Africa

The importance of life expectancy is recognized in the development economics literature because of its increasing effects on labor productivity and economic growth in in long-run. However, no published study to date empirically examines the nonlinear relationships between globalization, financial development, economic growth and life expectancy in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Therefore, our study intends to fill this gap by using non-parametric cointegration test and multivariate Granger causality test towards a non-linear empirical understanding of the factors affecting the life expectancy. We consider the case of 16 Sub-Saharan African economies using annual data over the period 1970-2012. The empirical analysis indicates that financial development, globalization and economic growth appear to have a positive impact upon life expectancy in Sub-Saharan African economies, except for Gabon and Togo. Our empirical findings may provide insightful policy implications towards improving population health conditions which are vital for promoting the productivity of labor force and long-run economic growth in Sub-Saharan African countries. In light of these policy implications, governments should incorporate globalization, financial development and economic growth as key economic instruments in formulating sustainable developmental policy to promote life expectancy for the people in Sub-Saharan African countries

Yoga Module to Improve Health and Wellbeing During COVID 19 Pandemic

After the initial outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, the disease spreads rapidly across the whole world. It is observed that there is a rampant rise in the rate of infection in spite of best possible precautionary measures taken into consideration against Corona. As there is no scientifically validated full proofed medicine against COVID-19 till date, the only possible way is prevention against this infection by improving self-immunity, mass immunisation and controlling non-communicable diseases, if suffered from. Another possible way from the prevention from this deadly virus is development of herd immunity, but the process takes time and can be fatal for people with higher age groups and with co-morbidities. Yoga, an Indian way of mind-body purification, has been reported to improve functionality of human physiological systems and to prevent diseases. It is also observed that yoga, being a low to moderate intensity physical activity, breathing maneuvers and meditation, can also be performed by any person irrespective of age, with maximum benefit and having less stress in the vital organs during the practice. Therefore, a yoga package for improving immunity and other physical and physiological capacities and mental function to prevent Corona like disease has been formulated on the basis of knowledge from traditional yogic literature and evidence from available research publications on yoga. The yoga package might be beneficial across all age groups for improving health and wellbeing in this pandemic situation

The impact of green quality of the energy consumption on carbon emissions in the United States

This paper investigates the impact of energy consumption's Green Quality Index (GQI) on carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions in the United States from 1970 to 2021. At this point, the estimated models control for the effects of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, urban population, and globalization on CO 2 emissions. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag estimations demonstrate that GQI and globalization reduce CO 2 emissions in the short- and long run. However, GDP per capita and urban population are positively related to CO 2 emissions in the short- and long-run. Different estimation techniques confirm the long-run baseline findings. Potential policy implications for reducing CO 2 emissions in the United States are also provided.</p

The Dynamics of Financial Development, Globalization, Economic Growth and Life Expectancy in Sub-Saharan Africa

The importance of life expectancy is recognized in the development economics literature because of its increasing effects on labor productivity and economic growth in in long-run. However, no published study to date empirically examines the nonlinear relationships between globalization, financial development, economic growth and life expectancy in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Therefore, our study intends to fill this gap by using non-parametric cointegration test and multivariate Granger causality test towards a non-linear empirical understanding of the factors affecting the life expectancy. We consider the case of 16 Sub-Saharan African economies using annual data over the period 1970-2012. The empirical analysis indicates that financial development, globalization and economic growth appear to have a positive impact upon life expectancy in Sub-Saharan African economies, except for Gabon and Togo. Our empirical findings may provide insightful policy implications towards improving population health conditions which are vital for promoting the productivity of labor force and long-run economic growth in Sub-Saharan African countries. In light of these policy implications, governments should incorporate globalization, financial development and economic growth as key economic instruments in formulating sustainable developmental policy to promote life expectancy for the people in Sub-Saharan African countries

Financial Development, Industrialisation, Urbanisation and the Role of Institutions: A Comparative Analysis between India and China

This paper explores the impact of industrialisation and urbanisation on financial development by incorporating the role of institutional quality for India and China over the period of 1970-2013. We apply the bounds testing approach, which accommodates structural breaks, in order to test the presence of cointegration between the variables. The results show the existence of long-run dynamics between the series. Furthermore, we establish that industrialisation and urbanisation lead to financial development and that the lack of institutional quality and government size reduces financial development. Trade openness enhances Indian financial development but hinders Chinese financial development. The causality analysis depicts the bidirectional causality between urbanisation (industrialisation) and financial development for India. In the case of China, the urbanisation Granger causes financial development, and the feedback effect exists between industrialisation and financial development. Institutional quality is found to be the core factor in enhancing financial development in both countries with a feedback effect