Guru Neri and Thiruneri in Upadesamalai

Tiruvavaduthurai Athenathu pandara Satras fourteen. The books of grace in this collection are given by Arulthiru Ambalavana Desikar, Arulthiru Dakshinamurthy Desikar, Arulthiru Swaminatha Desikar and Arulthiru Perur Velappadesikas. Among them is The Admonition Venpa, one of the ten books of Grace given by Arulthiru Ambalavana Desikas. This book is written by the author in his language to express the blessings of his wise guru Namachivaya Murthis. This book condemns the ignorance that we will be directly subjected to yoga and meet the nitta, excluding the steps of right and work. This book emphasizes the clear method of receiving the fire through the teaching of the Jnanaguru and following its instructions properly and following the yoga system. In accordance with the Saiva ethics of 'Thirumeni Kandal of The Clear Guru' and 'Thiruvarthai Ketal of The Clear Guru', The Lord of The Guru, Namachivaya Murthis, has been blessed with the blessings of 'Enadurai dhanathuraiyaga. In the final verse of this book, He speaks of 'Namachivaya Murtis' as evidence of the enduring grace of The Ambalavana Desikas towards his jnanasiriyas. This article examines the conditions in which this book is translated into ways in which yoga can be attained through the aryans, the temple worship, the sariyai, and the work of the Shiva puja

Identifying problems in pop cork manufacturing process

The current context of the Europe, USA, China, India and worldwide industry is marked by an intense competition between producers to attract the customer´s choice. The dynamic needs of client feed the competitiveness to the companies, pushing them to lower prices, high quality and better delivery conditions in terms of lead time and quantities. The pop cork production makes more efficiency the production of larger amounts of granules in grain materials technology. Amorim cork industry is the biggest cork materials manufacturer company in the world and is located at Portugal, supplying to different fields such as aerospace, automobile industry, textiles and household things. Following this, innovation unit is embedded in the grain materials technology. This work expects to recognize the pop cork issues and to enhance the pop cork effectiveness by improving the cork expansion, as well as the equipment working conditions. The case study provides detailed information about the granules units 1 and 3, at na operational level. In the GMT (Granules Materials Technology) units 1 and 3, analyses and improvements in the cork expansion were carried out, by identifying the boilers capacity limitations, controls of the equipment conditions, operational failures and available resources, such as natural cork waste, because different kinds of Cork Bark are used in the pop cork production. These sections were analysed collecting samples of different kinds of cork bark used in the pop cork production, at diferente temperatures, observing as well the variation of cork expansion in order to identify the problems occurred in the process. Errors displayed by the equipment and/or pointed out by operators in the GMT units 1 and 3 were recorded. Corporate changes to promote the standardization of procedures, from initial objectives to evaluation, considering the planning, execution and reports, were also identified. At the end, the results of pop cork production in the GMT unit 1 and 3 were improved by 3%. Now, Amorim Cork Composites presents a more profitable process, which was proved. The regularity of maintenance operations should be undertaken to increase the granules production.O contexto atual da Europa, EUA, China, Índia e da indústria em todo o mundo, é marcado por uma intensa concorrência entre os produtores para conquistar a escolha dos consumidores. As dinâmicas dos clientes alimentam a competitividade das empresas, impelindo-as para a prática de preços mais baixos, alta qualidade e melhores condições de entrega em termos de prazos e quantidades. A produção de pop cork torna mais eficiente a produção de grandes quantidades de grânulos na tecnologia de materiais granulados. O Grupo Amorim é o maior conjunto de empresas fabricante de materiais de cortiça do mundo e está localizado em Portugal, fornecendo as diferentes áreas, como a aeroespacial, indústria automobilística, têxteis e artigos domésticas. Para tal, a unidade de inovação está incorporada na unidade de tecnologia de granulados. Este trabalho espera reconhecer os problemas de produção da pop cork e melhorar a eficácia do processo de expansão da cortiça, bem como as condições de trabalho do equipamento. O caso de estudo fornece informações detalhadas sobre as unidades de grânulos 1 e 3, ao nível operacional. Nas unidades 1 e 3 da GMT (Granules Materials Technology), foram realizadas análises e melhorias na expansão da cortiça, identificando as limitações da capacidade da caldeira, controlo das condições do equipamento, suas falhas operacionais e recursos disponíveis, como resíduos de cortiça natural, porque são usados diferentes tipos de casca de cortiça como matéria-prima na produção de pop cork. Essas unidades foram analisadas recolhendo as amostras de diferentes tipos de cortiça usados na produção de pop cork a diferentes temperaturas, observando também a variação da expansão da cortiça para identificar os problemas ocorridos no processo. Os erros exibidos pelo equipamento e/ou apontados pelos operadores nas GMT 1 e 3 foram registrados. Foram também identificadas mudanças na Organização para promover a padronização de procedimentos, desde objetivos até a correspondente avaliação, considerando o planeamento, execução e relatórios. No final, foi possível registar um incremento na produção de pop cork nas unidades 1 e 3, o qual atingiu os 3%. Agora, a Amorim Cork Composites apresenta um processo mais lucrativo, o que ficou provado. A regularidade da manutenção deve ser tida em conta, com vista a aumentar a produção de grânulos

Correlative study of Clinical Findings, Audiological Evaluation and Peroperative findings in patient with Conductive Hearing Loss

Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound conduction is impaired as a result of pathology in the external or middle ear. The external ear includes the pinna, which is receptacle of sound and the external auditory canal through which sound passes onto the tympanic membrane. The middle ear is a space that has laterally tympanic membrane and medially cochlea connected by ossicular chain that helps transmit sound optimally. In this study we are going to correlate preoperative clinical findings, audiological evaluation with peroperative findings of patients presents with conductive hearing loss who came to our institution. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: 1. To evaluate clinical findings in patients with conductive hearing loss. 2. To evaluate audiological findings in same patients. 3. To correlate above findings with peroperative findings, ossicular chain status and disease process in middle ear and mastoid ear cell system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective and prospective study carried over period from november 2014 to august 2016. Total number of patients included in this study was 80. RESULTS: Out of 80 patients studied 68.8% had tympanic membrane perforation. 31.3% had retracted TM. 32.5% had Active COM . 36.3% had inactive COM. In perforation group, 12.5% had anterior perforation, 10% had posterior perforation,26.3% had central perforation, 20% had subtotal perforation. In retracted TM group, 25% had adhesive otitis media, 2.5% had attic retraction, 3.8% had posterosuperior retraction. Hearing loss found to be more in patients with active COM with subtotal perforation (43.03db). Overall 17 patients (21.25%) had ossicular involvement. Most commonly involved ossicle was incus. CONCLUSION: Most common cause of conductive hearing loss in our study was chronic suppurative otitis media. Most of the patients had central perforation followed by subtotal perforation. In perforated group, hearing loss was more in Chronic active otitis media with subtotal perforation and these group of patients had more ossicular involvement. It shows patients presents with chronic active otits media with subtotal perforation will have high chance of ossicular involvement compared to chronic inactive otitis media due to these group of patients have more inflammation in middle ear and mastoid & more inflammatory infiltrates. Retracted group of patients should be evaluate more carefully, because of their audiological findings and clinical findings doesn’t correlate with intraoperative findings. Overall, patients with Active COM with subtotal perforation had more hearing loss and more ossicular involvement because of their active disease process and duration of complaint. Most of the patients had mild CHL (26-40 DB)(70%). We can assess the patient with conductive hearing loss pre operatively by using clinical findings & audiological methods which mostly correllates with peroperative findings

Hybrid PUF Design using Bistable Ring PUF and Chaotic Network

Physical Unclonable Function(PUF) is lightweight hardware that provides affordable security for electronic devices and systems which can eliminate the use of the conventional cryptographic system which uses large area and storage. Among the several models, Bi-stable Ring PUF(BR-PUF) is considered as a secure and efficient PUF model since it has no mathematical model still found. In this thesis, we proposed a modified design called a hybrid model of BR-PUF and a Chaotic network to improve the BR-PUF resilience against machine learning attacks. We experimented with the current modification XOR technique to analyze the uniqueness, reliability and resource consumption. The proposed PUF was implemented on Xilinx Artix 7 FPGA and the PUF metrics were captured and compared with the results of XOR-ed based PUF integration techniques. The lightweight PUF model was achieved with 16% resource reduction when compared to XOR-ed BR PUF with no compromise in PUF quality

Thirumangai Azhvar Thiruvullam in Madal literature

In vaishnava sidhanta, Bridal mysticism is called as Nayaka-Nayaki bavam. This approach is named as Mathura Bakthi. Namazhalvar, Andal and Thirumangai Azhvar composed many poems in the approach of Bridal Mysticism. Among these pomes, Thirumangai Azhvar’s Siriya Thirumadal and Periya Thirumadal have the uniqueness. Through these poems Azhvar, describes the greatfull bliss through the sensuality. In the state of a bride azhvar named as Parakalanayaki.  In Periya Thirumozhi also the experiences of Parakalanayaki sang by Azhvar. The endless sufferings of Parakalanayaki to attain the god is described in the Siriya Thirumadal and Periya Thirumadal. Parkalanayaki saw the Kudakoothu of krishna, her hero and fall in love with him. She totally surrendered in the feet of her hero. She renounced her femininity; She strongly decided to attain her hero through Madaletram. She dared to reach him even though it was a ignorant approach.  Even though it was not acceptable in the Tamil culture, she said that she would continue to follow the Northern norms. This article deals the Bakthi approaches of Thirumangai Azhvar with the references of Siriya Thirumadal and Periya Thirumadal

Road Tracking from High resolution IRS And IKONOS Images Using Unscented Kalman Filtering

A typical way to update map is to compare recent satellite images with existing map data, detect new roads and add them as cartographic entities to the road layer. At present image processing and pattern recognition are not robust enough to automate the image interpretation system feasible. For this reason we have to develop an image interpretation system that rely on human guidance. More importantly road maps require final checking by a human due to the legal implementations of error. Our proposed technique is applied to IRS and IKONOS images using Unscented Kalman Filter(UKF) . UKF is used for tracing the median axis of the single road segment. The Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is probably the most widely used estimation algorithm for road tracking. However, more than 35 years of experience in the estimation community has shown that is difficult to implement and is difficult to tune. To overcome this limitation,UKF is introduced in road tracking which is more accurate, easier to implement, and uses the same order of calculations as linearization. The principles and algorithm of EKF and UKF were also discussed. The core of our system is based on profile matching.UKF traces the roadbeyond obstacles and tries to find the continuation of the road finding all road branches initializing at the road junction.The completeness and correctness of road tracking from the IRS and IKONOS images were also compared

Parakalanayaki in Periyathirumozhi

Acharya Hirudayam is a book written by the Azhagiya Manavalaperumal Nayanar, which explains the devotion of the Tiruvaimozhi bestowed by Nammaazhvar, the lyrical techniques, the philosophical meaning of the epics and the ascendancy of the Divyadesas enshrined by Aazhvar. This article is based on the philosophical interpretation of Nammaazhvar's Agaththurai songs in the book, in the context of Thirumangaiyalwar's internal songs. Thirumangaiyalvar, describing Paramanma as the leader and himself as the leader, ‘arrogant in wisdom; He will speak in the position of a womanizer in love. When Aazhlvar forgets his identity and take the position of Thalaivi, he changes his name from 'Parakalan' to 'Parakalanayaki'. As such, this article explains the philosophical meaning of the proverbial hymns with the help of the astonishing philosophical text

Respiratory morbidity in children with esophageal atresia/tracheo esophageal fistulae who underwent primary repair in a tertiary care centre in South India

Introduction: Esophageal Atresia is the most common anomaly of esophagus with an incidence of 1 in 2500-3500 live births. With advancements in surgical techniques and supportive care, current survival rate is over 90%. Long term pulmonary morbidity in these children is an underestimated, serious problem. Objectives: Among survivors of TEF repair surgery, Primary: 1. To estimate the prevalence of respiratory morbidity in infancy in children who underwent corrective surgery for OA/TEF by clinical history and information from hospital records. 2. To assess the prevalence and extent of current respiratory morbidity by history, clinical examination and Objective assessment of pulmonary status using appropriate radiological imaging (CXR +/_ HRCT chest). Secondary: 1. To assess the prevalence of oro-digestive co-morbidities which can impact respiratory health by clinical assessment and radiological imaging (barium swallow). 2. To correlate peri-operative and patient characteristics with selected respiratory outcomes in these children. Inclusion criteria: - Any child who was diagnosed with EA/TEF who underwent primary repair in the neonatal period between January 2008- December 2015 (for all 3 parts) 1.Children who were survivors beyond 6 months of age (for part 2 & 3) 2.Those who were consenting for clinical examination and diagnostic evaluation (part 3). Exclusion criteria: 3.Cases operated here beyond neonatal period. 4.Children who died within the post operative period (for part 2&3). Materials & Methods: This cross sectional observational study was done in CMC hospital, Vellore during the period November 2016 to May 2017. Out of the fifty infants who were operated during the period 2008 – 2015, 27 children could be contacted and 26 were recruited to the study after obtaining the written consent. They underwent detailed clinical assessment, ENT evaluation, CXR and barium swallow study. HRCT was done when clinically indicated. Results: Mean age was 65.4 months. Type C fistula was the predominant (90%) type. In this cohort 30% were born preterm, mean birth weight was 2289 grams. 74% had cardiac anomalies. Respiratory morbidity in infancy: Recurrent lower respiratory tract infections were documented in 96.3% in the first year of life. Recurrent wheeze, stridor and persistent cough were the main symptoms in 81.5%, 48.1% and 85.2% respectively. In, subsequent years the frequency of these symptoms decreased by 15-20%. Current Respiratory status: While only 20% reported any respiratory symptoms during the current year, 34.6% had clubbing and 62% had abnormal auscultation findings. BMI was <5th centile in 57.7%. GE reflux was demonstrated on barium swallow in 42.3%.Three children had unilateral vocal cord palsy and 9(34.6%) had bronchiectasis. Univariate analysis showed a trend towards positive correlation between diagnosis of bronchiectasis and factors like recurrent LRTI in first year, history of regurgitation / vomiting and the presence of a tracheal diverticulum on CT. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of respiratory morbidity in survivors of TE fistula surgery. Results of this study highlight the need for a strategy to ensure regular follow up and early identification of respiratory complications

Modeling and Simulation of Thermal Grill Illusion Using Neurophysiological Theory

The Thermal Grill Illusion (TGI) is a temperature-based perceptual illusion in which innocuous warm and cold stimuli evoke pain when applied simultaneously in a juxtaposed pattern. Based on neurophysiological and psychological findings, several theories have been proposed to explain the mechanisms behind TGI. However, the significance of an analytical model for TGI is not addressed in the literature. This study focuses on developing an analytical model based on the 'disinhibition theory' to predict the intensity of TGI pain. A psychophysical experiment on perceived TGI pain was first conducted, and then an analytical model was developed. The model's objective is to predict the neuronal activity of pain-sensitive HPC (Heat-Pinch-Cold) nerve fibers by leveraging the existing popular models of warm and cold receptors. An experimental thermal grill setup was used to provide five temperature differences between warm and cold grills (each repeated three times). Participants rated the perceived TGI pain sensation on a Likert scale of one to ten. Both the experimental results and the simulation showed a monotonically increasing relationship between temperature differences and the perceived TGI intensity. The proposed model bridges the gap between neurophysiological and psychophysical knowledge of TGI, potentially aiding thermal display designs

Etiological evaluation of convulsions in children from 1 month to 14 years of age

Background: Seizures are a common problem evaluated in the pediatric emergency departments worldwide. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the etiology of convulsions in children aged 1 month–14 years. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 120 children admitted to the pediatric ward of a tertiary care hospital with convulsions during the period of June 2014–May 2015. Complete blood count, blood sugar, serum calcium, magnesium, and electrolytes were done for all the children. Mantoux, chest X-ray, liver biopsy, electroencephalograph, lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, ultrasonography cranium, computed tomography brain, or magnetic resonance imaging brain were done based on the clinical situation. Results: We found that 46.7% of the children had febrile seizures, 19.2% had seizure disorder, 15% had cerebral palsy, 5.8% had viral encephalitis, 3.3% had pyogenic meningitis, 1.7% had neurocysticercosis, 0.8% had metabolic disorders, and 0.8% had traumatic brain injury, and the cause of seizures was unknown in 6.6% of the children. Conclusion: Children with seizures need a thorough evaluation to identify the underlying pathology causing seizures