Study of Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Extracts of Dalbergia Sisso (Roxb.)

Antibacterial activity of ethanolic, distilled water and methanol extract of the leaves of Dalbergia Sisso (Roxb.) were studied against Escherichia coli and Bacillus licheniformis by agar well diffusion method. Results obtained showed that the growth of both E.coli and B.licheniformis were inhibited by all the three extracts of dried Leaf Extracts of Dalbergia Sisso (Roxb.). The antibacterial activity of these extracts against selected bacterial stains depends on the type of solvent used for extraction. The present study revealed that Leaf Extracts of Dalbergia Sisso (Roxb.) can be exploited for new potent antibacterial agents

Sacrospinous ligament fixation for prevention and treatment of vaginal vault prolapse: a retrospective study of 45 cases

Background: To assess intraoperative and postoperative complications and to evaluate recurrence of vault prolapse in women who have undergone unilateral (left) Sacrospinous ligament fixation.Methods: Between January 2007 and January 2015, 45 women (mean age 56.5 years, range 35 to 78 years) underwent vaginal unilateral (left) Sacrospinous ligament fixation at Shree Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara (SDM) College of Medical Sciences, Dharwad, India. 15 patients had prior hysterectomy. Concomitant hysterectomy and Sacrospinous ligament fixation was performed in 30 patients. Sacrospinous ligament fixation was combined with additional procedures like Trans-Obturator tape (TOT) insertion in 2 (4.6%) patients.Results: All patients were analyzed for intraoperative and postoperative complications. 1 patient had Urinary tract infection (n=1, 2.2%), 1 patient had haemorrhage requiring blood transfusion (n=1, 2.2%). The mean follow up was for 15 months (range 6 months to 24 months). 1 patient (2.2%) had asymptomatic recurrent cystocele and 1 patient (2.2%) had dyspareunia. No recurrence of vault prolapse was noted.Conclusions: Sacrospinous ligament fixation is a simple, effective and safe procedure for treatment and prevention of vault prolapse with least complications and recurrence rates.

Trade Credit Policies for Supplier, Manufacturer, and Retailer: An Imperfect Production-Inventory System with Rework

In this study, we developed a trade credit policy for a three-layer supply chain consisting of a supplier, a manufacturer and a retailer. We propose an optimal production rate and selling price for the manufacturer and the retailer under an imperfect production system. The suggested coordination policy optimizes the profit of each supply chain member. Two models were formulated for two real-life strategies respectively. The first one is a collaborative (integrated) system and the second one is a Stackelberg leadership system. Both strategies were analyzed for various credit periods, respectively offered by the supplier to the manufacturer, by the manufacturer to the retailer, and by the retailer to the customers, by considering price-sensitive demand and a certain replenishment rate. Finally, we concluded which strategy will be better for inventory management under the given restrictions in the form of propositions. The concavity property for the net profit function was established with respect to the selling price and the production rate, which was also described graphically and analyzed by numerical examples

Trade Credit Policies for Supplier, Manufacturer, and Retailer: An Imperfect Production-Inventory System with Rework

In this study, we developed a trade credit policy for a three-layer supply chain consisting of a supplier, a manufacturer and a retailer. We propose an optimal production rate and selling price for the manufacturer and the retailer under an imperfect production system. The suggested coordination policy optimizes the profit of each supply chain member. Two models were formulated for two real-life strategies respectively. The first one is a collaborative (integrated) system and the second one is a Stackelberg leadership system. Both strategies were analyzed for various credit periods, respectively offered by the supplier to the manufacturer, by the manufacturer to the retailer, and by the retailer to the customers, by considering price-sensitive demand and a certain replenishment rate. Finally, we concluded which strategy will be better for inventory management under the given restrictions in the form of propositions. The concavity property for the net profit function was established with respect to the selling price and the production rate, which was also described graphically and analyzed by numerical examples

Incidence of cesarean delivery after induction of labour with dinoprostone gel at term in nulliparous women with unfavourable bishops score

Background: The aim of induction of labour is to achieve vaginal delivery in advance of the normal timing of parturition and to avoid operative delivery. The objective was to study the incidence of instrumental delivery and cesarean section in nulliparous women with unfavourable bishops score at term.Methods: This study was conducted on 200 patients in nulliparous women with unfavourable bishop score, cephalic presentation and no previous history of abortion.Results: The most frequent cause of induction of labour was postdatism (47.5%) followed by PIH (25.5%) and PROM (13%). 143 (71.5%) women had normal vaginal delivery whereas in 54 women (27%) cesarean section was done. 2 women (1%) had forceps application for delivery and remaining 1 women (0.5%) had ventouse delivery. Out of 200 patients 9 had maternal complication of induction of labour.Conclusions: In present study 71.5% women had normal vaginal delivery, 27% had cesarean section. Mean bishop score at induction was 3.31 which improved to 4.0 after 12 hours of gel instillation. The mean induction to delivery interval was 13.38 hrs in present study, 54.5% patients were delivered within 12 hours of gel instillation in this study. Most common indication of cesarean section was failed progress followed by fetal distress

Surgical management of chronic fourth degree perineal tear: a single center experience

Background: The aim of this article is to present the ridge about the recognition, preoperative management, surgical technique and long term follow up of patients with chronic fourth degree perineal tear.Methods: Authors conducted a prospective study in the department of obstetrics and gynecology in SDM hospital of medical sciences from 2008 January to 2016 December. Data on age, parity, incontinence to flatus, solid or liquids stools, duration of symptoms, history of previous repair, duration of repair, post-operative stay, complications and recovery were collected and analyzed. A total of thirty cases of chronic perineal tear were studied.Results: A total of 30 patients underwent CPT repair. Average duration of surgery was 90 minutes. 27 out of 30 patients were discharged on post-operative day 10. Three patients were non-compliant to treatment. Of the total 30 patients, two patients were lost for follow up. Overall success rate was 93% including patients who underwent re-surgery for failed repair.Conclusions: The significant finding of the present study was that a secondary repair of an anal sphincter injury was not associated with an unfavorable subjective outcome in relation to symptoms of anal incontinence. A good insight of perineal and anal sphincter anatomy and adherence to the sound principles is essential. The success rate in this study is 93.3% highlighting that a diligently performed operation by a surgeon of adequate expertise likely results in satisfactory outcome

RECENT ADVANCES IN HYDROGELS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymeric network, capable of entrapping substantial amounts of fluids. Hydrogels are formed due to physical or chemical cross-linking in different synthetic and natural polymers. Recently, hydrogels have been receiving much attention for biomedical applications due to their innate structure and compositional similarities to the extracellular matrix. Hydrogels fabricated from naturally derived materials provide an advantage for biomedical applications due to their innate cellular interactions and cellular-mediated biodegradation. Synthetic materials have the advantage of greater tunability when it comes to the properties of hydrogels. There has been considerable progress in recent years in addressing the clinical and pharmacological limitations of hydrogels for biomedical applications. The primary objective of this article is to review the classification of hydrogels based on their physical and chemical characteristics. It also reviews the technologies adopted for hydrogel fabrication and the different applications of hydrogels in the modern era

CHIROPRACTIC CARE FOR THE ORAL HEALTH PROFESSIONAL

The major disability among the various professionals worldwide is musculoskeletal disorders. They impose a burden to the community in both direct costs to health care and indirect costs through reduced work efficiency and productivity. In India, according to epidemiological studies, the community based prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders is about 20% and occupation specific prevalence is as high as 90%. Among the victims, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among Dental surgeons is about 64%, out of which 80% had low back pain at some point of time in their life. Despite the burden, musculoskeletal disorders have not been considered in National health programmes. Bearing in mind musculoskeletal disorder as a public health burden, engaging Chiropractic- a complementary type of medicine in screening and as a part of primary prevention will be a great effort in reducing the future burden to the community

Forecasting Stock Time-Series using Data Approximation and Pattern Sequence Similarity

Time series analysis is the process of building a model using statistical techniques to represent characteristics of time series data. Processing and forecasting huge time series data is a challenging task. This paper presents Approximation and Prediction of Stock Time-series data (APST), which is a two step approach to predict the direction of change of stock price indices. First, performs data approximation by using the technique called Multilevel Segment Mean (MSM). In second phase, prediction is performed for the approximated data using Euclidian distance and Nearest-Neighbour technique. The computational cost of data approximation is O(n ni) and computational cost of prediction task is O(m |NN|). Thus, the accuracy and the time required for prediction in the proposed method is comparatively efficient than the existing Label Based Forecasting (LBF) method [1].Comment: 11 page