Five-Phase Induction Motor DTC-SVM Scheme with PI Controller and ANN Controller

AbstractThis paper analyze design of space vector modulation based direct torque controlled (DTC-SVM) five-phase induction motor incorporated with ANN controller and has given a comparison with PI controller. This ANN controller is employed to improve the control performance parameters such as reducing torque & flux ripple, reducing the settling and rise time compare to that of PI controller. The modelling and simulation is performed in MATLAB, it shows that with intelligent controlled the performance parameters have been improved and drive system could be operated at low speed. The proposed model is less complex, require a single ANN controller for decoupled flux and torque controlled

Tronukleonski nabojski faktor oblika s uključenjem mezonske sile izmjene i sile tri tijela

We investigate the effect of meson exchange current (MEC) contribution to the charge form-factor (CFF) of 3He and 3H by hyper-spherical harmonics expansion method with the inclusion of three-body force (3BF). Results indicate that the combined effects of 3BF and MEC are substantial and modify the CFF of trinucleon in the right direction at high momentum transfer.Istražili smo učinak doprinosa stanja izmjene mezona nabojskom faktoru oblika (formfaktoru) 3He i 3H, primjenom metode razvoja po hipersferičnim harmonicima, uz uključenje tročestične sile. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju da je zajednički učinak tročestične sile i mezonskih izmjena važan i da bitno mijenja nabojski faktor oblika prema rezultatima mjerenja

Tronukleonski nabojski faktor oblika s uključenjem mezonske sile izmjene i sile tri tijela

We investigate the effect of meson exchange current (MEC) contribution to the charge form-factor (CFF) of 3He and 3H by hyper-spherical harmonics expansion method with the inclusion of three-body force (3BF). Results indicate that the combined effects of 3BF and MEC are substantial and modify the CFF of trinucleon in the right direction at high momentum transfer.Istražili smo učinak doprinosa stanja izmjene mezona nabojskom faktoru oblika (formfaktoru) 3He i 3H, primjenom metode razvoja po hipersferičnim harmonicima, uz uključenje tročestične sile. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju da je zajednički učinak tročestične sile i mezonskih izmjena važan i da bitno mijenja nabojski faktor oblika prema rezultatima mjerenja

Michael–type reactions of β-nitrostyrenes with piperidine: effect of solvents on reactivity and reaction mechanism

Present report deals with the effect of solvent on the kinetics and mechanism of Michael-type reaction of ƒÒ-nitrostyrene with piperidine. Three different types of solvents are used for the study namely, nonpolar (chloroform, toluene, hexane), dipolar aprotic (acetonitrile, dimethylsulfoxide, ethylacetate) and polar protic (methanol, ethanol, hexanol, octanol) solvents. The upward curve for the plots of kobs vs. [pipiridine] in all the cases (except octanol) indicates that the reactions proceed through both catalyzed and uncatalyzed path. Analyzing observed rate constants and correlating with various solvent polarity parameters, the following conclusions are drawn. The reactions proceed through both catalysed and unanalysed routes for polar aprotic and aprotic solvents whereas in nonpolar solvents only catalysed route is present. The rate of reaction is higher in polar aprotic solvents as compared to polar protic solvents as compared to other solvents. A stepwise mechanism is proposed for polar protic and aprotic solvents whereas in nonpolar solvents it proposed to proceed through concerted process. The difference in mechanism and reactivity is based on the differential solvation of nucleophile and the zwitterionic intermediates due to difference in polarity, hydrophobicity, hydrogen bond donor and acceptor capabilities of the solvents

EXTRACTION, PURIFICATION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF MUCILAGE OF CHRYSOPHYLLUM LANCEOLATUM (BLUME) DC FRUITS: AN INVESTIGATION FOR BIOADHESIVE PROPERTY

Objective: The objective of the present investigation is to extract, purify and characterize the physicochemical properties of the mucilage obtained from the fruits of Chrysophyllum lanceolatum (Blume) DC and also to evaluate the bioadhesiveness of Chrysophyllum lanceolatum Mucilage (CLM) to be used as the biodegradable mucoadhesive agent.Methods: The mucilage was extracted, purified and identified by the methods as described in the official books. Purified CLM was characterized for physicochemical properties, swelling capacity, loss on drying and flow properties. The CLM was further characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The mucoadhesivity of the mucilage was assessed by shear stress method and falling sphere method using goat intestine as mucosal substrate and the results were compared with Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) and Carbopol 934P (CP). The acute oral toxicity study was also conducted in Swiss Albino mice.Results: The nature of the CLM is confirmed as polysaccharide from the experimental data. The physicochemical property and toxicity study also shows its acceptability as bioadhesive excipient. The bioadhesive test of CLM showed a good adhesive strength to the biological membrane.Conclusion: The present investigation showed better bioadhesive property of the isolated mucilage and hence may provide an alternative to conventional synthetic/semi-synthetic mucoadhesive agents.Keywords: Chrysophyllum lanceolatum, Mucilage, Extraction, Physicochemical, Bioadhesivity, Mucosal

Beliefs about and adherence to medicines in patients with rheumatoid athritis: the influence of ethnicity

Background: Several studies have documented differences between individuals from different ethnic groups in terms of the way in which medications are viewed. These views can potentially impact on medication adherence. However, comparisons of adherence between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients from other minority ethnic groups and South Asians have not been reported. Method: Two studies were undertaken in patients with RA: a quantitative survey (180 patients) to investigate the relation between demographic, diseases related and psychological variables and a qualitative study explored the reasons for poor adherence to medications used in RA. Results: The quantitative survey undertaken for this thesis demonstrated that South Asian RA patients exhibited more negative beliefs about medicines and lower levels of adherence to RA medicines than did their White British counterparts and were more dissatisfied with the information they received about their medicines. Results from the interviews showed that four interlinking themes influenced adherence in both South Asian and White British ethnic groups. Conclusion: This thesis has demonstrated that some beliefs about medicines and illness perceptions differ between the South Asian and White British ethnic groups; these beliefs and perceptions are important in understanding differences in adherence between these two groups

Congruence subgroups and crystallographic quotients of small Coxeter groups

Small Coxeter groups are precisely the ones for which the Tits representation is integral, which makes the study of their congruence subgroups relevant. The symmetric group $S_n$ has three natural extensions, namely, the braid group $B_n$, the twin group $T_n$ and the triplet group $L_n$. The latter two groups are small Coxeter groups, and play the role of braid groups under the Alexander-Markov correspondence for appropriate knot theories, with their pure subgroups admitting suitable hyperplane arrangements as Eilenberg-MacLane spaces. In this paper, we prove that the congruence subgroup property fails for infinite small Coxeter groups which are not virtually abelian. As an application, we deduce that the congruence subgroup property fails for both $T_n$ and $L_n$ when $n \ge 4$. We also determine subquotients of principal congruence subgroups of $T_n$, and identify the pure twin group $PT_n$ and the pure triplet group $PL_n$ with suitable principal congruence subgroups. Further, we investigate crystallographic quotients of these two families of small Coxeter groups, and prove that $T_n /PT_n^{'}$, $T_n/T_n^{''}$ and $L_n /PL_n^{'}$ are crystallographic groups. We also determine crystallographic dimensions of these groups and identify the holonomy representation of $T_n/T_n^{''}$.Comment: 25 pages, to appear in Forum Mathematicu

Economics of advanced carp fingerling rearing enterprise in Orissa

The Present study was undertaken to analyse the economics of fry to advanced fingerling rearing in Cuttack District of Oriss