A Comparative Analysis of OLSR Routing Protocol based on PSO and Cuckoo Search Optimization (CSO) in Manets

New developments in wireless communication have enabled the use of highly efficient and inexpensive wireless receivers in a variety of portable applications. Each node in a mobile network is a mobile device that independently organizes its own connection to the others and manages its own data transmissions. The adaptability, scalability, and cost reduction of mobile networks have attracted considerable attention. Because mobile networks are constantly changing, problems with routing and power usage are common. High error rates, energy limitations, and inadequate bandwidth are just a few of the issues plaguing mobile ad hoc networks. The relevance of routing protocols in dynamic multi-hop networks like Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) has drawn the attention of many scholars. In this paper, we focus on  implementing an OLSR(Optimised Link State  Routing) protocol and evaluates its performance using two optmisation algorithm: Particle Swarm Optimization(OLSR) and Cuckoo Search Optimization (CSO). The simulation result suggests that PSO is superior to both CSO and the conventional OLSR routing technique. We implemented using NS-2 simulator for simulation and NAM for network animation

Literature Review on Pratisaraneeya Kshara in the Management of Arsha (Haemorrhoids) by Acharya Sushruta

Arsha (haemorrhoids) is commonest anorectal disorder affecting a large portion of the population and is characterized by engorgement and prolapse of superior haemorrhoidal venous plexus. In Ayurveda, Arsha has been classified as a Tridoshaja Vyadhi and Acharya Sushruta has placed it among Ashta Mahagada in Sushruta Samhita. In modern science various treatments are used e.g. conservative measures, non-operative procedures and operative procedures. Acharya Sushruta, Father of surgery, was first to describe Kshara in Sushruta Samhita in an elaborated manner. He has described Bhesaja, Kshara, Agni and Shashtra Karma for treatment of Arsha. Among the various treatments described Pratisaraneeya Kshara Karma (alkaline cauterization) is considered as highly effective and minimally invasive para-surgical procedure for the treatment of haemorrhoids. It offers an alternative way to conventional surgery with lesser complications and minimal chance of recurrence. This research article explains and review about Pratisaraneeya Kshara usage in the treatment of Arsha given by Acharya Sushruta

A REVIEW ON CONTRIBUTION OF ACHARYA SUSHRUTA IN EMERGENCY SURGICAL CONDITIONS

Acharya Sushruta was the ancient Indian surgeon and also called as Father of Surgery. In ancient era when surgery was in its early childhood stage or not even heard of in other parts of the world, Acharya Sushruta performed surgery in various emergency conditions like Chhidrodara (intestinal perforation), Baddhgudodara (intestinal obstruction), Ashmari (urolithiasis), Sadyo Vrana (traumatic wound), etc. In his text Sushruta Samhita, he described all such types of diseases and their emergency surgery. His basic principles of plastic surgeries and concept of anesthesia are the privilege to emergency surgery. Ashtavidha Shastra Karma (8 types of surgical procedures), trauma bandage, emergency trauma suturing, management of Raktasrava (hemorrhage), replacement of blood volume, etc., are the basic principles of emergency surgery and given by Acharya Sushruta first. There are various advanced types of surgical procedures available in modern science for emergency conditions, but many of these surgical procedures are still following the basic principles as given by Acharya Sushruta and even after their development, in certain conditions they are still deprived of. So this paper focuses on review on the contribution of Acharya Sushruta in emergency surgical conditions

Effect of hydrostatic pressure on the kinetics of alpha–omega phase transformation in zirconium

A three dimensional (3D) elastoplastic phase-field model, including strain hardening, is employed to study the effect of hydrostatic pressure in the range of 4–9 GPa on the kinetics of alpha–omega phase transformation in zirconium (Zr). The input data corresponding to pure Zr are acquired from experimental studies as well as by using the CALPHAD method. A decreasing incubation time, for the formation of omega variants, with increasing pressure is observed. Avrami (JMAK) equation is used to study the transformation kinetics by analysing the phase fraction plots predicted by the phase-field simulations. The estimated activation energy is in the range of 54–59 kJ mol−1 and decreases at an average rate of 992 J mol−1 per 1 GPa increase in pressure. The analysis of Avrami exponents, based on Cahn's approach, show that the transformation region can be divided into two distinct regions with a change in slope, which is attributed to the site saturation. It is concluded that in the first region where the exponents are above 3, the transformation proceeds by nucleation and growth. In the second region where the exponents are sub-unity, the transformation proceeds by growth of the existing variants.Post-print / Final draf

A CLINICAL STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF VASA PRATISARANEEYA TEEKSHNA KSHARA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ABHAYANTARA ARSHA/HAEMORRHOID

Astamahagda, group of eight dreadful clinical conditions told in all Ayurvedic classics. Aacharya Sushruta enlisted Arsha in Astamahagada. Arsha is known as haemorrhoids in modern parlance. The altered lifestyle in this modern world is the leading cause in the incidence of Haemorrhoids (Arshas). Symptoms of internal haemorrhoids closely resemble to clinical features of Abhyantara Arshas. Aacharya Shusruta described four types of treatment modalities for the management of Arsha, they are Bheshaja Karma, Kshara Karma, Agni Karma and Shastra Karma. Kshara is one of the most essential methods that can be used safely. An attempt has been made in this study to test the effectiveness of Vasa Pratisaraneeya Teekshna Kshara in the management of Abhayantra Arsha. In this study, 15 patients suffering from Abhyantra Arsha were selected from OPD and IPD of the PG Department of Shalya Tantra, NIA, Jaipur. The data obtained have been statistically analyzed and it has been observed that Kshara Karma is effective in curing the disease, preventing recurrence and cost-effective Para-surgical procedure. The outcome of Kshara Karma interference is motivating

BHAGANDARA AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN AYURVEDA: A CONCEPTUAL STUDY

Bhagandara has been described by Acharya Sushruta as one among Ashtamaharoga (eight major diseases) which is difficult to cure. This disease has been described in Ayurvedic texts in great detail. The etiopathogenesis, symptoms, types, preventive measures and curative aspects have been mentioned in detail. Ayurveda recommends a multi-dimensional approach in the treatment of this callous disease. The para-surgical and surgical techniques mentioned by Acharya Sushruta have been found very effective in the management of Bhagandara and Ksharsutra treatment in this disease has emerged as an effective and safe remedy in its management which has been accepted globally. The introduction of modern surgical methods of Fistulotomy and Fistulectomy were initially considered a boon for the treatment of this disease but their long standing side effects such as incontinence and recurrence made these techniques unsuitable for the majority of the Fistula-in-ano patients and the majority of these patients are turning towards Ayurvedic Ksharsutra therapy for treating this notorious disease. The popularity and efficacy of Ksharsutra treatment can be assessed from this fact that modern Surgeons refer these patients to Ayurvedic Surgeons for their successful management

Management of Parikshepi Bhagandar (Horse Shoe Fistula in Ano) by intercept of track followed by conventional Kshara Sutra

In Ayurveda surgical sphere Acharya Sushruta and Vabhagta elaborated fistula in Ano properly. In which Parikshepi Bhagandar is the advance stage originated by Vata-Pitta Dosha. In contemporary science it is mentioned under heading of Complex horse show Fistula-In-Ano (FIA). FIA is a common surgical Ano-rectal condition that occurs twofold as often in men as in women, present between the age group of 20 to 50 Years. According to parks classification >65% coming under category of complex fistula in Ano is challenging to managed by Surgeons because of more chances of reoccurrence. In this manuscript successful management of Parikshepi (Horse show FIA) Bhagandara by modified conventional Kshara Sutra Technique with significant post-operative outcome, minimum tissue damage and post-operative scar is described