Location of burst and repeated burst error in single and adjacent sub-blocks

The paper gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of linear codes capable of identifying burst/repeated burst errors whether it is confined to one sub-block or spread over two adjacent sub-blocks. Examples of such codes are also provided. We also provide two methods one using tensor product and other using cyclic code to construct such codes. Finally, comparisons on the number of check digits of such codes with the corresponding error detecting and correcting codes are also provided.Publisher's Versio

Rayleigh-Ritz method for analyzing free vibration of orthotropic rectangular plate with 2D thickness and temperature variation

A plate structure is of key interest to aerospace, mechanical and civil engineers. Vibration reduction is a major challenge pertaining to these fields; especially in aerospace applications, such a reduction must be achieved with a minimal increase in weight. The vibration of plates is a special case of the more general problem of mechanical vibrations. In this paper effect of bi-parabolic variation in temperature is premeditated on vibration of an orthotropic rectangular plate and whose thickness also varies bi-linear as in two dimensional. Frequency equation is derived by using Rayleigh-Ritz technique with a two-term deflection function. Time period, Deflection and Logarithmic decrement at different points for the first two modes of vibration are calculated for various values of thermal gradients, aspect ratio and taper constants

Tracing the signature of various frontal systems in stable isotopes (oxygen and carbon) of the planktonic foraminiferal species Globigerina bulloides in the Southern Ocean (Indian Sector)

AbstractTwenty-five surficial sediment samples, collected on board ORV Sagar Kanya during her 199th and 200th cruises along a north-south transect between latitudes 9.69°N and 55.01°S, and longitudes 80°E and 40°E were studied for isotopic variations (values of δ18O and δ13C) of the indicator planktonic species Globigerina bulloides. The results indicate that from latitudes 9.69°N to 15°S both these isotopes (δ18O and δ13C) fluctuated significantly. Between latitudes from around 15°S to 30–35°S δ18O values steadily increased, whereas δ13C showed a decreasing trend. However, to the south of latitudes 30–35°S, both isotope values showed a similar response with a gradual increase up to latitude 50°S, beyond which δ18O continued to increase while δ13C declined. The characteristic patterns of the values of both isotopes indicates that the signatures of different water masses are associated with various frontal systems and/or water masses across the transect. The signature of the Polar Front at around latitude 50°S shows the specific response of the isotopic values (δ18O and δ13C) of G. bulloides. Such a response beyond 50°S latitude is ascribable to the general decrease in the ambient temperature, resulting in a continuous increase in δ18O values, while δ13C values decrease as a result of reduced photosynthesis in regions approaching higher latitudes owing to low light penetration. To further corroborate our results, those of many such transects from geographically distinct regions need to be studied for isotopic variations in the calcareous shells of planktonic foraminiferal species. The results have the potential to be used as a proxy to assess the movement of frontal systems in southern high latitude regions

A questionnaire based comparative study on dry lab versus wet lab among second year medical undergraduates in a tertiary care hospital of Bihar

Background: Objective of the study was to identify whether there is any benefit of integrating dry lab/computer assisted lab (CAL) tool with conventional teaching/wet lab in experimental part of pharmacology.Methods: A questionnaire based study was conducted among 158 second year medical undergraduates in the department of pharmacology. The questionnaire was distributed among students with proper prior instructions in practical class. Students willing to participate in the study were included.Results: Total 94.9% were in the favour of replacing conventional teaching with CAL lab learning, 74.7% felt conventional lab to be more complex, 92.4% has the opinion of CAL lab result has less error along with that majority student felt it to be less time consuming, need lesser assistance and enhance learning. 67% student also felt real experimentation can’t be learned by CAL tool and 83.5% have their thought that CAL lab can never help them in exercising real experiment.Conclusions: Although there is no substitution of conventional teaching methods, in this new era of information and technology CAL lab can be the saviour to students in making better understanding and enhancing the performance without help of experimental animals

Study to assess the role of bromocriptine in treatment of diabetes mellitus

Background: Bromocriptine is a dopamine D2 receptor agonist and a sympatholytic agent used very frequently in treatment of hyperprolactinemia, Parkinsonism and acromegaly. Its quick release formulation has been approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise. This study evaluated the antihyperglycemic effect of quick release bromocriptine in alloxan induced diabetic rats.Methods: 24 albino rats were taken and divided into four groups of six rats in each group. Diabetes was induced in three groups and one group was kept as a control group. After successful induction of diabetes, in remaining three group, first group was given no treatment second group was treated with bromocriptine and the third group was treated with metformin. Fasting blood sugar of all the groups were measured on day 1, 7, 14 and 28 of treatment.Results: In this study both the treatment groups were found to have significant (P<0.05) antihyperglycemic effect. Further studies are needed to evaluate and compare antihyperglycemic effect and safety profile of bromocriptine with established antidiabetic drugs.Conclusions: From this study, we concluded that individually both metformin and bromocriptine were effective in controlling hyperglycemia but metformin was better in achieving normal mean FBS. Further studies are required to ascertain the consistency in hypoglycemic effect of bromocriptine as well as its effect in lipid profile and cardiovascular outcomes. Study taking different doses of bromocriptine or with increasing the duration of study can elaborate its role in achieving proper glycemic control over time