Inferring Strings from Position Heaps in Linear Time

Position heaps are index structures of text strings used for the string matching problem. They are rooted trees whose edges and nodes are labeled and numbered, respectively. This paper is concerned with variants of the inverse problem of position heap construction and gives linear-time algorithms for those problems. The basic problem is to restore a text string from a rooted tree with labeled edges and numbered nodes. In the variant problems, the input trees may miss edge labels or node numbers which we must restore as well.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Investigation of effects of urethane foam mattress hardness on skin and soft tissue deformation in the prone position using magnetic resonance imaging

13301甲第4904号博士（保健学）金沢大学博士論文要旨Abstract 以下に掲載：Journal of Tissue Viability 28(1) pp.14-20 2019. Elsevier. 共著者：Ayumi Kumagai, Naoki Ohno, Tosiaki Miyati, Mayumi Okuwa, Toshio Nakatani, Hiromi Sanada, Junko Sugam

Mast Cells Are Activated in the Giant Earlobe Keloids: A Case Series

Mast cells and inflammatory cells are abundant in keloid and hypertrophic scar tissues. Even if the cause of physical injury is similar, such as piercing or scratching with hands, clinical findings show differences in the size of keloids in the same area. Hence, we performed histological studies on giant keloids larger than the earlobe, and other smaller keloids. We also examined the risk factors associated with the formation of giant lesions. No statistically significant differences in the association of the risk factors were observed. However, histological observations clearly showed a high number of degranulated or active mast cells with a trend towards a greater number of degranulated mast cells in the giant keloid tissues. Collagen production also tended to increase. Two patients with giant keloids were severely obese, suggesting that the persistent inflammatory state of obesity may also be involved in the growth of keloid lesions

Persistence and memory time scales in root-zone soil moisture dynamics

The memory timescale that characterizes root-zone soil moisture remains the dominant measure in seasonal forecasts of land-climate interactions. This memory is a quasi-deterministic timescale associated with the losses (e.g. evapotranspiration) from the soil column and is often interpreted as persistence in soil moisture states. Persistence, however, represents a distribution of time periods where soil moisture resides above or below some prescribed threshold, and is therefore inherently probabilistic. Using multiple soil moisture datasets collected at high resolution (sub-hourly) across different biomes and climates, this paper explores the differences, underlying dynamics, and relative importance of memory and persistence timescales in root-zone soil moisture. A first-order Markov process, commonly used to interpret soil moisture fluctuations derived from climate simulations, is also used as a reference model. Persistence durations of soil moisture below the plant water-stress level (chosen as the threshold), and the temporal spectrum of up- and down-crossings of this threshold, are compared to the memory timescale and spectrum of the full time series, respectively. The results indicate that despite the differences between meteorological drivers, the spectrum of threshold-crossings is similar across sites, and follows a unique relation with that of the full soil moisture series. The distribution of persistence times exhibits an approximate stretched exponential type and reflects a likelihood of exceeding the memory at all sites. However, the rainfall counterpart of these distributions shows that persistence of dry atmospheric periods is less likely at sites with long soil moisture memory. The cluster exponent, a measure of the density of threshold crossings in a time frame, reveals that the clustering tendency in rainfall events (on-off switches) does not translate directly to clustering in soil moisture. This is particularly the case in climates where rainfall and evapotranspiration are out of phase, resulting in less ordered (more independent) persistence in soil moisture than in rainfall