Kas prostatiidi sümptomid võivad tuleneda närvikoe oksüdatiivsest stressist?

Sissejuhatus. Kroonilise mittebakteriaalse prostatiidi ehk kroonilise väikevaagnavalu sündroomi tekkeviis on osaliselt teadmata. Prostatiidi klassifikatsioon sisaldab erinevaid kliinilisi seisundeid, kaasa arvatud sümptomid ilma põletikuta ja põletik ilma sümptomiteta. Prostatiidi etioloogia kohta on mitmeid teooriaid (infektsioon, autoimmuunsus, närvi-lihasehäire) ning pakutud erinevaid tekkemehhanisme (uriini refluks, närvi-lihasehäire, uroepiteeli düsfunktsioon), kuid selged ühendavad lülid nende vahel puuduvad. Selleks ühenduslüliks võib olla oksudatiivne stress (OxS). Eesmärk. Anda ülevaade uuest hüpoteesist, mis käsitleb kroonilise prostatiidi ehk kroonilise väikevaagnavalu sündroomi tekkemehhanismi. Hüpotees. Süsteemse OxS tulemusena tekivad 8-isoprostaanid, mis erituvad uriiniga ja põhjustavad kusemishäireid kusepõit ja ureetrat kontraheeriva toime tõttu. Primaarsete sensoorsete aferentide perifeersete jätke stimuleerimine on piisav, et tekitada mitokondrite liigaktiveerimisest seljaaju OxS. Seljaaju OxS võib omakorda anda signaali perifeeria suunas just sellesama primaarse sensoorse aferendi kaudu, kuna seljaajus tekkivad OxS metaboliidid, sh elektrofiilsed tsüklopentenoon-isoprostaanid (cp-IP), võivad tekitada valu, toimides primaarse sensoorse aferendi tsentraalse jätke valuretseptoritesse. See patogeneesikomponent võib olla oluline ühendusluli väikevaagna elundites toimuvate biokeemiliste muutuste ja patsiendi kaebuste vahel. Eesti Arst 2012; 91(2):94–9

Eradication of Salmonella Typhimurium infection in a murine model of typhoid fever with the combination of probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 and ofloxacin

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of the study was to detect whether in experimental <it>Salmonella enterica </it>Typhimurium infection the probiotic <it>Lactobacillus fermentum </it>ME-3 in combination with fluoroquinolone therapy would eradicate <it>S. </it>Typhimurium, prevent the development of liver and spleen granulomas and improve the indices of oxidative stress in the ileum mucosa.</p> <p>The selected bacteriological, histological and biochemical methods were applied.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Combined treatment with <it>L. fermentum </it>ME-3 and ofloxacin eradicated <it>Salmonella </it>Typhimurium from blood, ileum and liver, decreased the number of animals with liver and spleen granulomas and reduced the value of lipid peroxides in the ileum mucosa. Higher total counts of intestinal lactobacilli in all experimental groups were associated with the absence of liver granulomas.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The antimicrobial and antioxidative probiotic <it>L. fermentum </it>ME-3 combined with ofloxacin enhances the eradication of experimental <it>S</it>. Typhimurium infection. These observations on probiotic and antimicrobial co-action may serve as basis to develop new strategies for treatment of invasive bacterial infections of the gut.</p

Evaluation of the functional efficacy of an antioxidative probiotic in healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: In persons without clinical symptom it is difficult to assess an impact of probiotics regarding its effect on health. We evaluated the functional efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 in healthy volunteers by measuring the influence of two different formulations on intestinal lactoflora, fecal recovery of the probiotic strain and oxidative stress markers of blood and urine after 3 weeks consumption. METHODS: Two 3-week healthy volunteer trials were performed. Open placebo controlled (OPC) study participants (n = 21) consumed either goat milk or by L. fermentum ME-3 fermented goat milk (daily dose 11.8 log CFU (Colony Forming Units). Double blind randomised placebo controlled (DBRP) study participants (n = 24) received either capsules with L. fermentum ME-3 (daily of dose 9.2 CFU) or placebo capsules. The faecal lactoflora composition, faecal ME-3 recovery, effect of the consumption on intestinal lactoflora, and oxidative stress markers of blood (total antioxidative activity; total antioxidative status and glutathione red-ox ratio) was measured. RESULTS: ME-3 was well tolerated and a significant increase in total faecal lactobacilli yet no predominance of ME-3 was detected in all study groups. Faecal recovery of ME-3 was documented by molecular methods only in fermented milk group, however the significant improvement of blood TAA (Total Antioxidative Activity) and TAS (Total Antioxidative Status) indices was seen both in case of fermented goat milk and capsules", yet glutathione re-ox ratio values decreased only in case of fermented by ME-3 goat milk. CONCLUSION: The functional efficacy of both consumed formulations of an antioxidative probiotic L. fermentum ME-3 is proved by the increase of the intestinal lactobacilli counts providing putative defence against enteric infections and by reduction of the oxidative stress indices of blood and urine of healthy volunteers. In non-diseased host the probiotic health claims can be assessed by improvement of some measurable laboratory indices of well-established physiological functions of host, e.g. markers of antioxidative defence system

Male infertility workup needs additional testing of expressed prostatic secretion and/or post-massage urine.

The male factor accounts for almost 50% of infertility cases. Inflammation may reduce semen quality via several pathways, including oxidative stress (OxS). As male infertility routinely is assessed using semen analysis only, the possible presence of non-leukocytospermic asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis may be overlooked. We compared local and systemic OxS levels in male partners of infertile couples with different inflammation patterns in their genital tract and/or oligospermia. Subjects (n=143) were grouped according to inflammation in their semen, expressed prostatic secretion (EPS), and/or post-massage urine (post-M). Systemic (8-isoprostanes in urine) and local (diene conjugates and total antioxidant capacity in seminal plasma) OxS was measured The levels of OxS markers were significantly elevated in both severe inflammation groups--leukocytospermic men and subjects whose inflammation was limited only to EPS and/or post-M. Comparison between oligospermic and non-oligospermic men with genital tract inflammation, and oligozoospermic men with or without inflammation in the genital tract indicated that inflammation but not oligospermia status had significant impact on the measured OxS markers. Hence, a high leukocyte count in prostate-specific materials (EPS, post-M), even in absence of clear leukocytopsermia, is an important source of local and systemic OxS that may be associated with male infertility and affect general health. We suggest including the tests for detection of inflammation of the prostate into the workup of infertile men as was suggested in the WHO 1993 recommendation

Two-dimensional plot of the Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA).

<div><p>The figures shows the clustering of of OxS data (DC, ROS-TAC score and 8-isoprostanes) and illustrating high similarity of both severe inflammation groups.</p> <p>Black dot, Group I; red cross, Group II, violet square, Group III; green cross, Group IV; blue triangle, Group V.</p></div

Proteomic proof that a probiotic elevates glutathione level in human serum

Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 (LfME-3) has been proven to synthesize and secrete glutathione. A regular use of the foods fermented by it has shown a favourable influence on human lipid profiles and several antioxidant parameters. We administered the LfME-3-fermented kefir for 14 days to 43 human subjects and evaluated their serum with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer at the beginning and end of the test period. We found an increase of the peak at m/z 308 (corresponding to glutathione) and a new peak at m/z 1467

Fermented whey-based product improves the quality of life of males with moderate lower urinary tract symptoms: A randomized double-blind study

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of a specific fermented whey product on lower urinary tract symptoms, main prostate related indices and oxidative stress/inflammatory markers in urine and seminal plasma in men with moderate dysuric symptoms. An additional purpose was to clarify associations between different parameters with special emphasis on pain.</p><p>Methods</p><p>This was a prospective randomized double-blind 4-weeks study on men with moderate lower urinary tract symptoms who underwent the evaluation for quality of life at the baseline and at the end of the study. The symptoms were characterized by International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) and National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-PSI), the maximum urinary flow and the main prostate-related indices. In order to obtain more comprehensive information about the effects of fermented whey product on systemic oxidative stress marker 8-EPI and seminal plasma inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 and interleukin-8) were also measured.</p><p>Results</p><p>After 4 weeks consumption of fermented whey product there was a statistically significant decrease of prostate-specific antigen level in serum and systemic stress marker 8-EPI in urine compared to control group. Maximum urinary flow and NIH-PSI all studied scores and sub-scores had also significant improvement. In addition, seminal plasma interleukin-8 level substantially decreased.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The consumption of special fermented whey product improved urinary function, reduced lower urinary tract symptoms, systemic oxidative stress marker and seminal plasma inflammatory status. Thus it contributed to an improvement of the quality of life in men with moderate lower urinary tract symptoms.</p></div