DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS and CROSS EFFICIENCY

Etkinlik Analizi, çoklu girdi ve çıktıya sahip eş karar verme birimlerinin göreli etkinliklerini karşılaştırmak ve ölçmek için yaygın olarak kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Etkinlik Analizinin yaygın kullanımına karşın, bazı sakıncaları mevcuttur. Bu sakıncalardan en çok bilineni gerçekçi olmayan ağırlık dağılımıdır. Gerçekçi olmayan ağırlık dağılımı, girdi ve çıktı ağırlıklarına, mantıksız ve istenmeyen bir durum olmasına karşın uç değerlerin veya sıfır değerinin atanması sonucu, hesaplanan karar verme biriminin etkin olarak değerlendirildiği durumlarda ortaya çıkar. Uç ağırlıklara sahip karar verme birimleri potansiyel false positive adaylarıdır.Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has a widespread usage method for measuring and benchmarking relative efficiency of peer decision making units (DMUs) with multiple inputs and outputs. Beside of its widespread usage, DEA has some drawbacks, the most known of which is the unrealistic weight dispersion. Although this case is unreasonable and undesirable, unrealistic weight dispersion occurs, when some DMUs are rated as efficient because of input and output weights have the extreme or zero values. DMUs which have extreme values have potential to be a false positive

Current Medical Treatment Modalities in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus; insülin eksikliği ve rölatif yetersizliği ile hiperglisemiye sebep olan kronik bir hastalıktır. Günümüzde, sıklığı ve yarattığı sorunlar nedeniyle tüm dünyada önemi gittikçe artan bir sağlık sorunu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dünyada ve ülkemizde prevalansı giderek artış göstermektedir. Diyabet prevalansının yüksek olması nedeniyle diyabetli kişilerin daha sağlıklı bir yaşam sürebilmelerini sağlamak için diyabet tedavisinde yenilikçi tedavilere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Diyabet tedavisinde hedef kan glukozunun normal düzeylere indirilmesi ile birlikte mikro ve makrovasküler komplikasyonların engellenmesidir. Tip 2 diyabet tedavisinde kullanılan, farklı mekanizmalarla etkilerini gösteren farklı oral antidiyabetik ajanlar ve farklı etki süreli insülinler bulunmaktadır. Bu yazıda tip 2 diabetes mellitus tedavisinde uygulanan güncel tedavilere yer verilecektirDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized with hyperglycemia, which is a result of insulin resistance and generally accompanying relative insulin insufficiency. Today, it has emerged as a health problem of growing importance because of the frequency and problems in all around the world. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus is growing in our country and in the world. Due to the high prevalance of diabetes, innovative therapies are needed to provide healthier life to patients with diabetes. The target of diabetes treatment is to normalize the levels of blood glucose and to prevent macro- and microvascular complications. There are different oral antidiabetic agents with different mechanisms of actions and different-acting insulins used in type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. This article will be focusing on the current treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Management of bipolar and unipolar depression in geriatric population

Major depression, dysthymic disorders and subclinical depressions are common psychiatric problems after the age of 65. Bipolar depression in elderly, however, is either an aging previous patient or someone whose first attack has appeared on late life. The first step of treatment in the elderly depression is the investigation of the etiology for excluding any medical background

Psychiatric Evaluation Prior to Epilepsy Surgery

Epilepsy patients who are resistant to medical treatment carry the increased risk of psychiatric comorbidity. There is a bidirectional relationship between epilepsy surgery and psychiatric status. Surgery affects the prognosis of presurgical psychiatric symptoms and psychiatric status affects the postoperative prognosis of epileptic convulsions. Therefore a psychiatrist with experience on patients with epilepsy should be a part of every epilepsy surgery team, to evaluate patients carefully prior to surgery and to follow them accordingly after the operation

Diabetes mellitus and hypoparathyroidism developed as a complication of beta-thalassemia major

Beta-talasemi major ilk defa Cooley ve Lee tarafından tanımlanmış olup, ?-globin zincir sentezinde azalma ile giden, resesif karakterli bir hemoglobin bozukluğudur. Homozigot olgular düzenli kan transfüzyonu gerektiren ağır anemi ile seyreder. Şelasyon ve transfüz- yon tedavisi kombinasyonu yaşam beklentisini 40-50'li yaşlara kadar dramatik olarak uzatır. Diğer yandan sık kan transfüzyonları vücutta fazla demir birikimine yol açarak hipogonadizm, diabetes mellitus, hipotiroid, hipoparatiroid ve diğer endokrin bozukluklara neden olabilir. Bu yazıda talasemi major komplikasyonu olarak diabetes mellitus ve hipoparatiroidi gelişen bir olgu sunumu takdim edilmiştir.Beta-thalassemia major, first described by Cooley and Lee, is a recessively inherited hemoglobin disorder and characterized by redu- ced synthesis of ?-globin chain. The homozygous state results in severe anemia, which needs regular blood transfusion. The combi- nation of transfusion and chelation therapy has dramatically extended the life expectancy of thalassemic patients who can recently survive into their fourth and fifth decades of life. On the other hand, frequent blood transfusion in turn can lead to iron overload whi- ch may result in hypogonadism, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism and other endocrine abnormalities. In this paper, a case with diabetes mellitus and hypoparathyroidism developing as complications of beta-thalassemia major was presented

MYASTHENIA GRAVIS AND PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic, auto-immune disease involving neuromuscular junctions with the frequent symptoms, such as loss of muscle strength, difficulty in respiration and swallowing, diplopia and ptosis. All chronic diseases including MG have psychiatric reflections in terms of coping and adaptation. Psychiatric morbidity usually appears as anxiety disorders such as panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and depressive disorders. Psychiatric symptoms may overlap with the actual disease symptoms such as fatigue, lack of energy and shortness of breath. They may be misdiagnosed as true myasthenic symptoms which may lead to unnecessarily high dose drug administration. Differentiation of the etiology of these symptoms might alter the treatment choice and affects the success rate and patients well-being. A better standard of care for MG patients requires psychiatric consultation and evaluation during the course of illness which may help the patients to achieve a better quality of life