THE EFFECT OF FRIENDSHIP SKILLS TRAINING ON FRIENDSHIP QUALITY AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING OF ADOLESCENTS

This study aims to examine the effects of friendship skills training on the quality of friendship and subjective well-being of adolescents. In order to determine the experimental and control groups, the Friendship Quality Scale and the Adolescent Subjective Well-Being Scale were administered to 311 students in 9th, 10th and 11th grade classes from a state school in İskenderun in Hatay during the 2015-2016 education year. As a result, 21 students who had lower than average scores were included in the study. Students who participated in the study were assigned to the experimental and control groups randomly. An 8-session psycho-education program (“Beginning Friendships, Maintaining and Protecting Training”) which were developed by Morganett (2013) have been conducted with the students in the experimental group while the control group received no treatment. After the sessions, the same measurement tools were applied on both the experimental and control groups. The data gathered was analyzed by using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test to examine the effectiveness of the training program. The analysis of the data has indicated an increase in the friendship quality and subjective well-being of the students who attended the friendship skills training group while there was no change in the friendship quality and subjective well-being of the students in control group.  Article visualizations

Investigation of Marriage Story Film Based on Structural and Psychoanalytic Family Counseling Theories

Cinema is an element both influenced by and affecting the society. The movie Marriage Story has also had a great impact on the audience since its release. The fact that its subject is "divorce process", which is a social reality, and the fact that the film works realistically shows a guiding feature in concretizing the techniques and methods used in family counseling. The aim of this study is to evaluate Marriage Story using the basic concepts of Salvador Minuchin's structural family counseling and Murray Bowen's psychoanalytic family counseling. For analysis, 24 scenes representing examples of psychoanalytic family counseling and structured family counseling were discussed. For the scenes covered, the basic techniques used in structural family counseling and psychodynamic family counseling were first discussed. Afterwards, it was aimed to concretize the basic concepts by matching the determined scenes with the basic concepts explained. For this purpose, the dialogues in the movie were included in the study. It has been observed that some of the scenes in the film represent the terms of both theories. In this direction, 19 scenes given in the film were examined in terms of family pathology, differentiation of the system, grouping-power-coalition concepts in Minuchin's structural family counseling. The 19 scenes in the film were examined in terms of differentiation-unification to the ego, triangle, emotional system of the nuclear family and transference between generations in Bowen's psychoanalytic approach. In the study, the use of structural family counseling and psychoanalytic family counseling on the film are exemplified. In this direction, it is thought that similar studies will be useful in teaching theory or practice

Bir sentetik kannabinoid olan xlr-11 metabolitlerinin idrarda miktartayini ve validasyonu

1. ÖZETAmaç: Yapılan literatür araştırmalarında, idrarda XLR-11 maddesinin metabolitlerinin eş zamanlı tayinine ilişkin herhangi bir LC-MS/MS çalışmasına rastlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda XLR-11 N-(4-hidroksipentil) ve XLR-11 N-(4-pentenil) analog metabolitlerinin eş zamanlı tayinine ilişkin basit, hızlı, kesinliği yüksek, tayin edilebilir sınırı düşük bir LC-MS/MS yöntemi geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Geliştirdiğimiz yöntemde kolon olarak ACQUITY UPLC® HSS C18 (1,8 μm, 2,1 x 150 mm), mobil faz olarak (pH= 3,00; 5,0 mM tampon çözeltisi) (% 1' lik formik asitli asetonitril) gradient pompa sistemi ile, 5,00 μL' lik enjeksiyon hacminde 0,5 mL/dk akış hızı ile çalışıldı. Kütle spektrometresi analizleri Waters TQD LC-MS/MS sistemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Alıkonma zamanı XLR-11 N-(4-hidroksipentil) için 2,75 dakika, XLR-11 N-(4-pentenil) analog için 3,33 dakika ve iç standart desipramin için 2,13 dakika bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar: Geliştirilen yöntemde geçerli kılma için; seçicilik, kantitatif alt sınırı, kalibrasyon eğrisi performansı, doğruluk, kesinlik, matriks etkileri ve stabilite parametrelerine bakılmıştır.Yöntem XLR-11 N-(4-hidroksipentil) için 6,00 – 60,00 ng/mL ve XLR-11 N-(4-pentenil) analog için 51,45 – 514,50 ng/mL aralıklarında doğrusal bulunmuştur.Anahtar Sözcükler: Sentetik Kannabinoid, XLR-11, Eş Zamanlı Tayin, LC-MS/MS, ValidasyonDetermination and Validation of a Synthetic Cannabinoid XLR-11 Metabolites in UrineStudent Name: Aykut Kul Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Ayşen Kurt CücüDepartment: Department of Analytical Chemistry2. SUMMARYObjective: According to the literature survey, there is no report for any LC-MS/MS study relevant to the simultaneous determination of XLR-11 metabolites in urine. Therefore, we aimed to develop a simple, fast, precise and sensitive LC-MS/MS method relevant to the simultaneous determination of metabolites XLR-11 N-(4-hydroxypentyl) and XLR-11 N-(4-pentenyl) analog.Material and Methods: In our method which we developed, as a column ACQUITY UPLC® HSS C18 (1,8 μm, 2,1 x 150 mm) was used, as a mobile phase (pH: 3,00, 5,0 mM buffer solution) (acetonitrile containing 1% formic acid) was used. With a gradient pump system, injection volume was 5,00 μL and 0,5 ml/min was flow rate. The analyses of mass spectrometer were done using Waters TQD LC-MS/MS system. Results: The retention time was 2,75 minutes for XLR-11 N-(4-hydroxypentyl), 3,33 minutes for XLR-11 N-(4-pentenyl) and 2,13 minutes for internal standard desipramine.Conclusion: For the validation of the method, selectivity, lower limit of quantitation, calibration curve performance, accuracy, precision, matrix effects and stability parameters were determined. It has been found that the method was linear between 6,00 – 60,00 for XLR-11 N-(4-hydroxypentyl) and 51,45 – 514,50 ng/mL for XLR-11 N-(4-pentenyl) analog. Key words: Synthetic Cannabinoid, XLR-11, Simultaneous determination, LC-MS/MS, Validatio

LC-MS/MS Yöntemi ile Etil Glukuronid Miktar Tayininde Matriks Etkilerinin Giderilmesi

Heterojen ve karmaşık bir psikiyatrik bozukluk olan alkol kullanım bozukluğu dünya nüfusunun % 4-5’ini etkilemektedir. Bu bozukluğun tespiti için çeşitli biyolojik sıvılarda (idrar, plazma, tükürük vb.) analiz yöntemleri mevcuttur. Tespit edilebilme süresinin uzun olması ve numune hazırlama prosedürünün basit olmasından dolayı idrarda alkol metabolitlerinin takibi en çok tercih edilen yöntemlerden biridir. Etil glukuronid alkol kullanımının tespitinde kullanılan bir metabolittir. Alkolün vücuttan tamamen eliminasyonundan sonra, etil glukuronid, idrarda 80 saatten fazla sürede bulunabilir. Alkol analizlerinde LC-MS/MS yöntemi adli toksikolojide sıklıkla kullanılır ve doğrulama gerektirmeyen ileri bir tekniktir. Bu çalışma, idrarda etil glukuronidin tayininde karşılaşılan matriks etkilerinin, farklı iyon kaynakları içeren iki LC-MS/MS cihazı ve farklı numune hazırlama prosedürleri kullanarak en aza indirilmesini içermektedir

Bir sentetik kannabinoid olan xlr-11 metabolitlerinin idrarda miktartayini ve validasyonu

1. Amaç: Yapılan literatür araştırmalarında, idrarda XLR-11 maddesinin metabolitlerinin eş zamanlı tayinine ilişkin herhangi bir LC-MS/MS çalışmasına rastlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda XLR-11 N-(4-hidroksipentil) ve XLR-11 N-(4-pentenil) analog metabolitlerinin eş zamanlı tayinine ilişkin basit, hızlı, kesinliği yüksek, tayin edilebilir sınırı düşük bir LC-MS/MS yöntemi geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Geliştirdiğimiz yöntemde kolon olarak ACQUITY UPLC® HSS C18 (1,8 μm, 2,1 x 150 mm), mobil faz olarak (pH= 3,00; 5,0 mM tampon çözeltisi) (% 1' lik formik asitli asetonitril) gradient pompa sistemi ile, 5,00 μL' lik enjeksiyon hacminde 0,5 mL/dk akış hızı ile çalışıldı. Kütle spektrometresi analizleri Waters TQD LC-MS/MS sistemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Alıkonma zamanı XLR-11 N-(4-hidroksipentil) için 2,75 dakika, XLR-11 N-(4-pentenil) analog için 3,33 dakika ve iç standart desipramin için 2,13 dakika bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar: Geliştirilen yöntemde geçerli kılma için; seçicilik, kantitatif alt sınırı, kalibrasyon eğrisi performansı, doğruluk, kesinlik, matriks etkileri ve stabilite parametrelerine bakılmıştır.Yöntem XLR-11 N-(4-hidroksipentil) için 6,00 – 60,00 ng/mL ve XLR-11 N-(4-pentenil) analog için 51,45 – 514,50 ng/mL aralıklarında doğrusal bulunmuştur. Anahtar Sözcükler: Sentetik Kannabinoid, XLR-11, Eş Zamanlı Tayin, LC-MS/MS, Validasyon Determination and Validation of a Synthetic Cannabinoid XLR-11 Metabolites in Urine Student Name: Aykut Kul Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Ayşen Kurt Cücü Department: Department of Analytical Chemistry 2. SUMMARY Objective: According to the literature survey, there is no report for any LC-MS/MS study relevant to the simultaneous determination of XLR-11 metabolites in urine. Therefore, we aimed to develop a simple, fast, precise and sensitive LC-MS/MS method relevant to the simultaneous determination of metabolites XLR-11 N-(4-hydroxypentyl) and XLR-11 N-(4-pentenyl) analog. Material and Methods: In our method which we developed, as a column ACQUITY UPLC® HSS C18 (1,8 μm, 2,1 x 150 mm) was used, as a mobile phase (pH: 3,00, 5,0 mM buffer solution) (acetonitrile containing 1% formic acid) was used. With a gradient pump system, injection volume was 5,00 μL and 0,5 ml/min was flow rate. The analyses of mass spectrometer were done using Waters TQD LC-MS/MS system. Results: The retention time was 2,75 minutes for XLR-11 N-(4-hydroxypentyl), 3,33 minutes for XLR-11 N-(4-pentenyl) and 2,13 minutes for internal standard desipramine. Conclusion: For the validation of the method, selectivity, lower limit of quantitation, calibration curve performance, accuracy, precision, matrix effects and stability parameters were determined. It has been found that the method was linear between 6,00 – 60,00 for XLR-11 N-(4-hydroxypentyl) and 51,45 – 514,50 ng/mL for XLR-11 N-(4-pentenyl) analog. Key words: Synthetic Cannabinoid, XLR-11, Simultaneous determination, LC-MS/MS, Validatio