The functional morphology of the mouthparts of acheta domesticus (L.) (orthoptera : gryllidae)

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循環型社会に向けた環境共生型高分子複合材料の開発

九州工業大学博士学位論文（要旨）学位記番号：生工博甲第282号 学位授与年月日：平成29年3月24

Ectopic premolar tooth in the sigmoid notch

Impaction of a mandibular premolar is relatively uncommon. Ectopic placement is more unusual and there has been no discussion in the literature of an ectopic mandibular premolar in the coronoid process. In this case report, we present an impacted ectopic mandibular permanent premolar in the sigmoid notch (incisura mandibulae) region. Etiology of the tooth and treatment options are discussed and illustrated by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Self-Perceived Oral Health Among College-Going Students in Karachi, Pakistan

Background: Oral health inequalities are becoming a major threat to public health, and they excessively burden disadvantaged communities, especially within low and middle-income countries. This study explored the socioeconomic inequalities in self-perceived oral health behaviors among college-going students in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 328 college-going students using a convenient sampling technique from three different socioeconomic groups including urban slums, middle, and rich class neighborhoods. Oral health was assessed using three measures: daily tooth brushing, weekly sweet consumption, and substance abuse. Socio-economic inequalities were measured using binary logistic regression (odds ratios), relative index of inequality, and slope index of inequality. Results: Out of 328 participants, 56.4% perceived their oral health as fair, 24.1% good, 14.9% poor, while only 4.6% had an excellent perception of oral health. Significant inequalities were found regarding oral health behaviours with fraternal income, occupation, and education level. Education-related absolute inequalities among college-going students were1.28(95% CI -2.19, -0.36 p-value\u3c0.01), -1.34(95% CI -2.16, -0.52, p-value\u3c0.01), -1.43(95% CI -2.70, -0.15, p-value\u3c0.01) with tooth brushing, high sweet consumption, and substance abuse respectively. Similarly, income and occupation-related absolute inequalities were also existent. Conclusions: In Pakistan, data among college-going students regarding oral healthcare is scarce. Significant inequalities were found in oral health behaviours among college-going students. Thus, there is a need to design equity-based health system provisions specifically to address the needs of poor segments of society

Development and verification of a miniature cone penetration test

2019 Spring.Includes bibliographical references.The objectives of this research were to design and validate a miniature cone penetration test (MCPT) system for testing fine-grained soils. The system included a commercially-available miniature piezocone and a 300-mm-diameter, rigid-wall, calibration chamber. Three different materials were used in this study: (i) Ottawa sand, (ii) fine synthetic tailings (FST), and (iii) coal combustion product (CCP). Ottawa sand was used to evaluate repeatability of the MCPT apparatus and verify results via comparison to literature. The FST was a mixture of kaolin clay and silica flour, whereas CCP was primarily sand and silt and collected from a coal ash impoundment in North America. These two materials were tested to assess undrained and drained shear behavior and compare with previously measured shear strength. Replicate MCPTs conducted on Ottawa sand at three different relative densities indicated that the MCPT was repeatable. The assessment of tip resistance and sleeve friction in the Ottawa sand MCPTs were used to identify a functional depth of penetration whereby the friction sleeve was fully mobilized. Values of tip resistance and sleeve friction obtained from the MCPT at these depths of penetration were taken as representative of the specimen and subsequently validated via comparison to literature. Pore water pressure developed during cone penetration in the Ottawa sand and CCP were similar and indicative of drained conditions, whereas large, positive pore pressures in the FST were indicative of undrained conditions. The undrained shear strength estimated from MCPTs on FST (13 and 35 kPa) compared favorably and had a good agreement with undrained shear strength from triaxial tests. The effective stress friction angle for CCP based on MCPT (28.7° and 30.4°) yielded a conservative estimate relative to a previously determined effective friction angle via triaxial testing (36°)