8 research outputs found
A Literature Review of the Partial Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) Model
Theoretical background: Today, people use more systems and devices than ever, no matter the context. These behaviors are most often explained using technology acceptance models, including the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2), which is a new and prominent technology acceptance theory.Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to identify any interpretable trends and draw overall conclusions about the existing UTAUT2 literature, which helps to fill the gap which is lack of such review for UTAUT2 model.Research methods: Descriptive review analysis of 23 articles based on the partial UTAUT2 model.Main findings: The UTAUT2 is an efficient theory – the average explained variance of behavioral intention was 62% and for use behavior – 37%. It is highly recommended to use the performance expectancy variable in all research contexts based on the UTAUT2 model. Utilitarian aspects turned out to be more important than hedonic ones for most technology adopters. Commercial organisations should focus on delivering reliable and useful products and underline these features in marketing communication.Theoretical background: Today, people use more systems and devices than ever, no matter the context. These behaviors are most often explained using technology acceptance models, including the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2), which is a new and prominent technology acceptance theory.Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to identify any interpretable trends and draw overall conclusions about the existing UTAUT2 literature, which helps to fill the gap which is lack of such review for UTAUT2 model.Research methods: Descriptive review analysis of 23 articles based on the partial UTAUT2 model.Main findings: The UTAUT2 is an efficient theory – the average explained variance of behavioral intention was 62% and for use behavior – 37%. It is highly recommended to use the performance expectancy variable in all research contexts based on the UTAUT2 model. Utilitarian aspects turned out to be more important than hedonic ones for most technology adopters. Commercial organisations should focus on delivering reliable and useful products and underline these features in marketing communication
Использование мобильных устройств для совершения покупок – расширение модели UTAUT2 переменной «индивидуальная инновационность»
Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja kluczowych czynników wpływających na
intencję użycia urządzeń mobilnych w procesie kupowania produktów (INT)
wśród polskich konsumentów. W związku z powyższym zmodyfikowano model
UTAUT2 rozszerzając go o zmienną indywidualna innowacyjność (II) i usuwając
zmienne, które nie były istotne statystycznie w poprzednich badaniach przeprowadzonych w Polsce. Dodatkowo sprawdzono wpływ dwóch zmiennych moderujących – płci i doświadczenia w korzystaniu z mobilnego Internetu. Analiza
danych została przeprowadzona z użyciem częściowej metody najmniejszych
kwadratów (PLS-SEM). Grupa respondentów liczyła 256 studentów z trzech
miast (Białegostoku, Gdańska i Łodzi). Zgodnie z wynikami, oczekiwana wydajność (WYD) jest najsilniejszą determinantą INT. Hedonistyczna motywacja
(HM), nawyk (NAW) i indywidualna innowacyjność również okazały się istotnymi
statystycznie predyktorami INT.This paper identifies the most important factors affecting the use of mobile devices
during shopping. For this purpose, the UTAUT2 model was expanded with
individual innovativeness (II) and the variables that were not statistically significant
in the previous studies conducted among Polish mobile consumers were removed. Additionally, influence of two moderating variables – namely gender and experience in using mobile Internet was checked. The data analysis was conducted with the partial least squares method (PLS-SEM). The group of respondents consisted of 256 students from three Polish cities (Bialystok, Gdansk, and Lodz). According to the results, the performance expectancy (PE) was the strongest determinant of the intention to use mobile device in the buying process (INT). Hedonic motivation (HM), habit (HAB) and individual innovativeness were also statistically significant predictors of INT.Цель работы заключалась в выявлении основных факторов, влияющих на
намерение применить мобильные устройства в процессе покупки продуктов
(НАМ) среди польских потребителей. В этой связи видоизменили модель
UTAUT2, расширяя ее переменной индивидуальная инновационность (ИИ)
и удаляя переменные, которые не были статистически существенны в прежних исследованиях, проведенных в Польше. Дополнительно проверили влияние двух модерирующих переменных: пола и опыта в пользовании мобильным интернетом. Анализ данных провели, применяя частичный метод наименьших квадратов (PLS-SEM). Группа респондентов насчитывала 256 студентов из трех городов (Белостока, Гданьска и Лодзи). В соответствии с результатами, ожидаемая производительность (ПРО) – самый сильный детерминант НАМ. Гедонистическая мотивация (ГМ), навык (НАВ) и индивидуальная инновационность тоже оказались статистически существенными предикторами НАМ
Przegląd literatury wykorzystującej klasyczną i rozszerzoną jednolitą teorię akceptacji i użycia technologii 2 (UTAUT2)
UTAUT2 is a model that explains why technology is adopted by the users. It integrates eight most important technology acceptance models that were proposed in the past. The aim of this article is to answer the question “why people use technology?” by summarizing seven years of research based on classic and extended UTAUT2 since the model was formulated in 2012. This paper consist of three main parts. The first part is devoted to presentation of different technology acceptance theories / models including presentation of the three different types of UTAUT2 based research. Second part is regarding methodology of the literature review. Third part consists discussion (including limitations and further research ideas). Table summarizing 25 UTAUT2 studies is added as attachment.UTAUT2 to teoria, która wyjaśnia, dlaczego dana technologia jest akceptowana i wykorzystywana przez użytkowników. Integruje osiem najważniejszych modeli akceptacji technologii, które zostały zaproponowane w przeszłości. Celem tego artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie: „Dlaczego ludzie używają technologii?”. Cel ten został osiągnięty przez podsumowanie siedmiu lat badań opartych na klasycznej i rozszerzonej teorii UTAUT2. Artykuł składa się z trzech głównych części. Pierwsza część jest poświęcona prezentacji różnych teorii/ modeli akceptacji technologii, w tym prezentacji trzech różnych typów badań opartych na UTAUT2. Druga część dotyczy metodologii przeglądu literatury. Trzecia część obejmuje dyskusję (w tym ograniczenia i dalsze pomysły badawcze). Tablica podsumowująca 25 badań opartych na UTAUT2 została dodana jako załącznik
Nursing education standard regarding the patients with acne
Trądzik pospolity to jedna z najczęstszych chorób skóry, która występuje u 35–90% młodzieży. Celem pracy było skonstruowanie standardu
edukacji dla chorych z trądzikiem.
Standard edukacji kobiet opracowano zgodnie z zaleceniami Europejskiego Ruchu na Rzecz Zapewnienia Jakości Opieki Pielęgniarskiej
(The European Quality Assurance Network). Skonstruowano wzorzec edukacji chorych z trądzikiem w zakresie postępowania
terapeutycznego i pielęgnacyjnego. W jego budowie uwzględniono zgodnie z obowiązującymi zasadami następujące rodzaje
kryteriów: struktury, procesu oraz wyniku. W zakresie kryteriów starano się osiągnąć (według Apellman) następujące cechy:
trafność, zrozumiałość, mierzalność i osiągalność. Wzorzec uzupełniono o załączniki dotyczące mechanizmu powstawania oraz
rozwoju trądziku, wykazu czynników, które mogą powodować zaostrzenie objawów trądziku, wskazówek dla osób z trądzikiem:
zalecenia ogólne, w zakresie pielęgnacji skóry, dobór kosmetyków, zalecenia dietetyczne i inne oraz kartę edukacji i wykaz zalecanej
literatury.
Wskazane jest prowadzenie edukacji młodzieży z trądzikiem w zakresie postępowania terapeutycznego i pielęgnacyjnego. W związku
z powyższym skonstruowano standard edukacji pacjenta, w wyniku zastosowania którego będzie on posiadał wiedzę i umiejętności niezbędne
do prowadzenia samoopieki i samopielęgnacji w przypadku występowania trądziku.
Problemy Pielęgniarstwa 2011; 19 (1): 116–121Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin disorders. Its prevalence is reported at between 35% and 90% in adolescents. We made
standard for the education patients with acne vulgaris.
The standard of women education was constructed in according to the recommendations of The European movement on The Thing Assurance
Quality Care Nursing (The European Quality Assurance Network).
We made the educational standard of patients with acne vulgaris in the field of therapy and care. The following types of criteria: structure,
process and result were considered in the building of standard for valid principles. We constructed the standard of education on the
prophylaxis of the nosocomial infections. In according to Apellman we used the following criteria: accuracy, understanding, measurements
and achievement. We enclosed the attachments; references and individual card of education.
It is recommended to conduct the education of adolescents with acne in the field of therapy and care. We made the standard of patients’
education, taking account, he will be having a knowledge and the abilities of acne self-care.
Nursing Topics 2011; 19 (1): 116–12
Self-assessment of patients’ knowledge on acne vulgaris
Wstęp. Trądzik pospolity (acne vulgaris) jest przewlekłym schorzeniem związanym z nadczynnością gruczołów łojowych i dotyczy osób
między 12. a 40. rokiem życia.Introduction. Acne vulgaris is a chronic disorder connected with hyper-secretion of sebaceous glands affecting people between 12 and
40 years old.
Aim of the study. The aim of the study was self-assessment of patients’ knowledge on acne vulgaris.
Material and methods. The study included 204 patients with acne vulgaris under a care of dermatology out- patient clinic in Bialystok. The
self-administered questionnaire and Acne Global Severity Scale was used in the present study.
Results. Face was more often localization of acne (97.5%). Nearly 43.1% assessed the intensity of skin lesions as a moderate, and 47.1% as
a mild. 34.8% of respondents had the second degree of the lesions’ intensity in according to Acne Global Severity Scale. No significant
correlations between the intensity of acne lesions and age and gender were found. Overall 71.1% of patients said that their knowledge was
not sufficient, and only 10.3% declared no knowledge in this field. However, after the analysis of knowledge on the intensity of lesions, 68% with the first degree of lesions assessed their knowledge as not quite a good, 76% with the second degree, and 69% with the third degree,
respectively. Almost 86.3% of respondents declared that the development of disease is involved with a puberty period, 43.6% oily skin,
36.3% genetics, and 35.3% stress. 82.8% patients thought that basic method of acne lesions’ relief were drugs and cosmetics. 64.7% of
respondents considered make-up as a popular method of the ‘masking’ acne lesions. About 51% of patients talked with friends, 47.5%
with parents, and 31.9% physicians on the problems with acne vulgaris. More than half (54.4%) of the surveyed knew on acne from
media, 45.1% from physician, and 35.8% from friends.
Conclusions. The patients’ knowledge on acne vulgaris was insufficient and did not relate to the intensity of skin lesions. Most patients had
knowledge on acne from media. It is recommended to conduct the education among adolescents on therapy and acne care.
Nursing Topics 2011; 19 (3): 288–29
Knowledge on taking on a professional activity and occupational plans of second year students of Master’s degree course in Physiotherapy of university-level schools of different educational profiles
Wstęp i cel pracy. Obecnie w Polsce zdecydowana większość
absolwentów fizjoterapii nie może znaleźć pracy w wybranym
zawodzie. Liczni z nich planują zatem podjęcie pracy w innych
krajach UE, nie znając jednak warunków podejmowania tam
zatrudnienia oraz aktualnej sytuacji na tamtejszym rynku pracy. Celem pracy była ocena poziomu wiedzy temat podejmowania
pracy zawodowej oraz plany zawodowe studentów
II roku studiów II stopnia kierunku fizjoterapia w uczelniach
o różnych profilach kształcenia, tj.: o profilu medycznym (PM),
profilu sportowym (PWF) i innych profilach (PM).
Materiał i metody. 1942 studentów II roku studiów II stopnia,
17 uczelni, 8 PM, 4 PWF, 5 IP. Średni odsetek zwrotu: 53%.
77% kobiety. Średnia wieku 21 lat (SD=10,64; min. 23; max.
50). 736 (45%) badanych podjęło studia w tej samej uczelni,
w której ukończyło studia I stopnia.
Badania były prowadzone w ramach Międzynarodowego
Projektu Badawczego Wpływ cykli kształcenia studentów
fizjoterapii na kształtowanie się ich postaw zawodowych
www.projekt-fizjoterapia.wum.edu.pl). Dobrowolne, anonimowe
badania ankietowe nie wymagały uzyskania zgody
Komisji Biotycznej WUM. Analiza statystyczna: STATISTICA
10.0 (licencja WUM), nieparametryczne testy: Chi-kwadrat,
Kruskalla-Wallisa oraz U Manna-Whitneya, p<0,05.
Wyniki. Większość studentów po ukończeniu studiów II
stopnia chciałoby rozpocząć pracę zawodową w Polsce: 55%
PM, 60% PWF, 59% IP lub rozpocząć pracę zawodową za granicą:
22% PM, 22% PWF, 21% IP; p=NS. Tylko 11% badanych
planuje specjalizację z fizjoterapii lub rozpoczęcie studiów
doktoranckich (p=NS). Ponad 70% badanych zna możliwości
zatrudnienia w zawodzie fizjoterapeuty (p=NS), około 60%
uważa, że w Polsce trudno jest znaleźć pracę w zawodzie fizjoterapeuty
(H=6,409, p<0,012). Ponad połowa ankietowanych
(54%) myślała o podjęciu pracy w innych krajach UE. Ponad
70% (sic!) nie zna warunków podejmowania pracy w innych
krajach, 24% czerpało informacje na ten temat z Internetu,
70% chciałoby otrzymać je w formie szkolenia (48%) i podczas
studiów (46%).
Wnioski. 1. W badanej grupie studentów, profil kształcenia
nie wpływał na poziom wiedzy studentów na temat podejmowania
pracy w zawodzie fizjoterapeuty oraz na ich plany
zawodowe.
2. Programy kształcenia na studiach I i II stopnia kierunku
fizjoterapia, niezależnie od profilu uczelni, powinny zawierać
informacje na temat aktualnej sytuacji na rynku pracy oraz
możliwości i sposobów szukania zatrudnienia w zawodzie na
terenie całej Unii Europejskiej.
3. Należy stworzyć powszechnie dostępny, ujednolicony,
profesjonalny system informacyjny na temat możliwości
podejmowania pracy w zawodzie fizjoterapeuty w krajach UE.Background and Aim of Study. At present, a vast majority
of Physiotherapy graduates cannot find a job in the selected
profession. Numerous intend to take on employment as a
physiotherapist in other countries of the European Union
without having extensive knowledge on the local conditions of taking on employment and current situation on local
labour market. The aim of the study was to assess the level of
knowledge on taking on employment and occupational plans
of second year Physiotherapy students of a Master’s degree
course of university-level schools of different educational
profiles, i.e.: medical universities (PM), universities of physical
education (PWF), and other schools (IP).
Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 1942 second year
students of a Master’s degree course of 17 university-level
schools (PM: 8, PWF: 4, IP: 5). A mean questionnaire return rate
was: 53%. Women constituted 77% of the total. The mean age
of the study group was 21 years of age (SD=10.64, min.23;
max.50). As many as 736 (45%) of the study participants started
a Master’s degree course at the same university-level school
at which they had graduated from a Bachelor’s degree course.
The study was conducted within the International Research
Project “The formative effect of the course of physiotherapy
studies on the occupational attitudes of students” www.projektfizjoterapia.
wum.edu.pl). The approval of the Ethical Review
Board of Warsaw Medical University was not necessary to
conduct the voluntary and anonymous questionnaire study.
Statistical analysis: STATISTICA 10.0 (licensed to Warsaw
Medical University), non-parametric statistical tests: Chi-square,
Kruskall-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U, p<0.05.
Results. The majority of students would like to: start a
professional activity in Poland after graduation from a Master’s
degree course: 55% of PM students, 60% of PWF students,
and 59% of IP students; p=NS, start a professional activity
abroad: 22% of PM students, 22% of PWF students, and 21%
of IP students. Only 11% of the study participants intended
to become a specialist in Physiotherapy or commence a PhD
course (p=NS). More than 70% of the study population knew
the employment opportunities in the area of physiotherapy
(p=NS) and approximately 60% of the students believed that it
is difficult to find a job as a physiotherapist in Poland (H=6.409,
0.012). More than half of the study population (54%) thought of
finding employment abroad. More than 70% of the study group
(sic!) did not know the conditions of taking on employment in
other countries, 24% of the students found information on this
issue on the Internet, and 70% of the total would like to learn
about it during a training (48%) or their studies (46%).
Conclusions. 1. Among the study group of students, the
educational profile did not influence the level of knowledge on
taking on employment as a physiotherapist nor occupational
plans. 2. The curricula of Bachelor’s and Master’s degree courses
in Physiotherapy, regardless of the educational profile of a
university-level school, should contain information on the
current situation on labour market as well as information on
employment opportunities for physiotherapists and methods
of employment search in the European Union. 3. A commonly
available, uniform, and professional information system on
employment opportunities in the area of physiotherapy in
the EU should be developed
Initial study on COMT and DRD2 gene polymorphisms as well as the influence of temperament and character trait on the severity of alcohol craving in alcohol-dependent patients
The main aim of this work was to determine the impact of COMT and DRD2 gene polymorphisms together with temperament and character traits on alcohol craving severity alcohol-dependent persons. The sample comprised of 89 men and 16 women (aged [Formula: see text]). For the sake of psychological assessment various analytic methods have been applied like the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire (SADD), Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) or Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) test. The SNP polymorphism of the analyzed genes was determined by Real Time PCR test. The results showed, that the COMT polymorphismmay have an indirected relationship with the intensity and changes in alcohol craving during abstinence. The DRD2 receptor gene polymorphisms are related with the intensity of alcohol craving. It seems that the character traits like “self-targeting”, including “self-acceptance”, are more closely related to the severity of alcohol craving and polymorphic changes in the DRD2 receptor than temperamental traits. Although this is a pilot study the obtained results appeared to be promising and clearly indicate the link betweengene polymorphisms alcohol craving and its severity
Pantoea agglomerans: a mysterious bacterium of evil and good. Part IV. Beneficial effects
[i][/i][i]Pantoea agglomerans[/i], a gammaproteobacterium of plant origin, possesses many beneficial traits that could be used for the prevention and/or treatment of human and animal diseases, combating plant pathogens, promotion of plant growth and bioremediation of the environment. It produces a number of antibiotics (herbicolin, pantocins, microcin, agglomerins, andrimid, phenazine, among others) which could be used for combating plant, animal and human pathogens or for food preservation. Japanese researchers have demonstrated that the low-molecular-mass lipopolysaccharide of [i]P. agglomerans[/i] isolated by them and described as ‘Immunopotentiator from [i]Pantoea agglomerans[/i] 1 (IP-PA1)’ reveals the extremely wide spectrum of healing properties, mainly due to its ability for the maintenance of homeostasis by macrophage activation. IP-PA1 was proved to be effective in the prevention and treatment of a broad range of human and animal disorders, such as tumours, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, ulcer, various infectious diseases, atopic allergy and stress-induced immunosuppression; it also showed a strong analgesic effect. It is important that most of these effects could be achieved by the safe oral administration of IP-PA1. Taking into account that [i]P. agglomerans[/i] occurs commonly as a symbiont of many species of insects, including mosquitoes transmitting the [i]Plasmodium[/i] parasites causing malaria, successful attempts were made to apply the strategy of paratransgenesis, in which bacterial symbionts are genetically engineered to express and secrete anti-[i]Plasmodium[/i] effector proteins. This strategy shows prospects for a successful eradication of malaria, a deadly disease killing annually over one million people, as well as of other vector-borne diseases of humans, animals and plants. [i]Pantoea agglomerans[/i] has been identified as an antagonist of many plant pathogens belonging to bacteria and fungi, as a result of antibiotic production, competition mechanisms or induction of plant resistance. Its use as a biocontrol agent permits the decrease of pesticide doses, being a healthy and environmental-friendly procedure. The application of the preparations of this bacterium efficiently protects the stored pome, stone and citrus fruits against invasion of moulds. [i]P. agglomerans[/i] strains associated with both rhizosphere and plant tissues (as endophytes) efficiently promote the growth of many plants, including rice and wheat, which are the staple food for the majority of mankind. The promotion mechanisms are diverse and include fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, production of phytohormones, as well as degradation of phytate and phosphate solubilizing which makes the soil phosphorus available for plants. Accordingly, [i]P. agglomerans[/i] is regarded as an ideal candidate for an environmental-friendly bioinoculant replacing chemical fertilizers. It has been documented that the [i]Pantoea[/i] strains show biodegradation activity on various chemical pollutants of soil and water, including petroleum hydrocarbons and toxic metals. [i]P. agglomerans[/i] prevents the penetration of harmful industrial contaminants into deeper parts of soil by biofilm formation, and has an ability to produce hydrogen from waste. Thus, this bacterium appears as a valuable bioremediator which, in some cases, may be acquired as a cheap form of energy. In conclusion, in spite of the proven pathologic role of [i]P. agglomerans[/i] in causing occupational diseases of allergic and/or immunotoxic background and accidental infections, the beneficial traits of this species, and of related species of [i]Pantoea [/i]genus, are of great value for potential use in many areas of biotechnology. Hence, any restrictions on the use of these organisms and their products should be declined, providing safety precautions at work with the [i]Pantoea[/i] biopreparations are maintained