Axino dark matter with low reheating temperature

We examine axino dark matter in the regime of a low reheating temperature T_R after inflation and taking into account that reheating is a non-instantaneous process. This can have a significant effect on the dark matter abundance, mainly due to entropy production in inflaton decays. We study both thermal and non-thermal production of axinos in the context of the MSSM with ten free parameters. We identify the ranges of the axino mass and the reheating temperature allowed by the LHC and other particle physics data in different models of axino interactions. We confront these limits with cosmological constraints coming the observed dark matter density, large structures formation and big bang nucleosynthesis. We find a number of differences in the phenomenologically acceptable values of the axino mass and the reheating temperature relative to previous studies. In particular, an upper bound on the axino mass becomes dependent on T_R, reaching a maximum value at T_R~10^2 GeV. If the lightest ordinary supersymmetric particle is a wino or a higgsino, we obtain lower a limit of approximately 10 GeV for the reheating temperature. We demonstrate also that entropy production during reheating affects the maximum allowed axino mass and lowest values of the reheating temperature.Comment: v2: improved discussion of warm dark matter bounds, results for stau LOSP adde

Neutralino and gravitino dark matter with low reheating temperature

We examine a scenario in which the reheating temperature $T_R$ after inflation is so low that it is comparable to, or lower than, the freeze out temperature of ordinary WIMPs. In this case the dark matter relic abundance is reduced, thus relaxing the impact of the usually strong constraint coming from the requirement that the universe does not overclose. We first re-examine the dynamics of freezeout during reheating. Next we apply a Bayesian approach to study the parameter space of the MSSM with ten free parameters, the CMSSM and the singlino-dominated regions of the NMSSM. In each case we find dramatic departures from the usually considered regime of high $T_R$, with important implications for direct detection dark matter searches. In the MSSM we examine WIMP mass range up to ~5 TeV, and find regions of bino dark matter over the whole mass range, and of higgsino dark matter with mass over a similar range but starting from the ~1 TeV value of the standard high $T_R$ scenario. We show that the prospects for bino detection strongly depend on $T_R$, while the higgsino is for the most part detectable by future one-tonne detectors. The wino, which is excluded in the standard scenario, becomes allowed again if its mass is roughly above 3.5 TeV, and can be detectable. In the CMSSM, the bino and higgsino mass ranges become more constrained although detection prospects remain similar. In the Next-to-MSSM at low enough $T_R$ wide ranges of singlino-dominated parameter space of the model become cosmologically allowed. We also study the contribution to the DM relic density from direct and cascade decays of the inflaton. Finally, we consider the case of a gravitino as dark matter. We find strong bounds from overclosure and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, and derive lower limits on $T_R$ which depend on the gravitino mass and on the nature of the lightest ordinary superpartner.Comment: section and references adde

The Ways of Recovering Immovable Property Taken Away Unlawfully by the Authority in Poland from the Thirteenth to mid-Fifteenth Century

This paper aims to present the various ways used by secular persons (knights and the gentry) and church institutions to recover immovable property taken from them unlawfully (nullo iure) by the rulers in medieval Poland (from the 13th until the mid-15th century). Attempts to recover such property were made by applying to the ruler in his or her judicial capacity competent in matters related to immovable property or by seeking his or her consent for restitution by means of unofficial requests. Such attempts also involved suing persons for the recovery of property sold to them by the ruler. Bishops and monasteries would also file complaints with the Pope, who would then appoint judges from among the clergy to hear the case. The judges could then refer such cases to an arbitration court, opt for a conciliatory agreement or they could resort to institutional acts of religious censure against the offending ruler, such as excommunication or an interdict. Legal historians would be particularly interested in those ways of recovering property that could collectively be called “legal proceedings”. Further research should be directed at exploring legal proceedings for restitution, both in monarch courts and church [email protected] ŁódzkiAbraham W., Powstanie organizacji kościoła łacińskiego na Rusi, Lwów 1904.Arnold S., Władztwo biskupie na grodzie wolborskim w w. XII, [w:] idem, Z dziejów średniowiecza. Wybór pism, Warszawa 1968.Bardach J., Historia państwa i prawa Polski, t. I do połowy XV wieku, Warszawa 1964.Bruski K., Sambor II, [w:] Ludzie pomorskiego średniowiecza. Szkice biograficzne, Gdańsk 1981.Buczek K., Zagadnienie polskiego naroku, [w:] idem, Studia z dziejów ustroju społeczno-gospodarczego Polski Piastowskiej, wybrał i przygot. do drukuW. Bukowski, wstępem opatrzyli F. Sikora i J. Wroniszewski, t. 1, Kraków 2006.Czacharowski A., Uposażenie i organizacja klasztoru norbertanek w Żukowie od XIII do połowy XV wieku, Toruń 1963.Dąbrowski J., Elżbieta Łokietkówna, „Rozprawy Akad. Um. Wydz. hist.-filoz.”, 1914, t. 57.Dąbrowski J., Ostatnie lata Ludwika Wielkiego 1370–1382, Kraków 2009.Dąbrowski K., Opactwo cystersów w Oliwie od XII do XVI wieku, Gdańsk 1975.Goźdź-Roszkowski K., Z badań nad nietykalnością majątkową polskiej szlachty. Postanowienia przywilejów z lat 1386–1454, „Studia z Dziejów Państwa i Prawa Polskiego” 2007, t. 10.Goźdź-Roszkowski K., Problem restytucji dóbr ziemskich zabranych przez monarchę nullo iure w konstytucjach pierwszych sejmów egzekucyjnych, [w:] Parlamentaryzm i prawodawstwo przez wieki, prace dedykowane Prof. Stanisławowi Płazie w siedemdziesiątą rocznicę urodzin, red. J. Malec i W. Uruszczak, Kraków 1999.Goźdź-Roszkowski K., Zabieranie cudzych dóbr ziemskich przez panującego w ocenie prawnej sądów królewskich działających w Wielkopolsce w 1372 r., „Studia z Dziejów Państwa i Prawa Polskiego” 2003, t. 8.Goźdź-Roszkowski K., Znaczenie dyspozycji monarszych dla restytucji dóbr zabranych przez panującego nullo iure w Polsce w świetle dokumentów z XIII i XIV wieku, [w:] Ustrój i prawo w przeszłości dalszej i bliższej. Studia historyczne o prawie dedykowane Prof. Stanisławowi Grodziskiemu w pięćdziesiątą rocznicę pracy naukowej, red. J. Malec i W. Uruszczak, Kraków 2001.Grabowski J., Kancelarie i dokumenty książąt mazowieckich w latach 1341–1381. Ośrodki zarządzania i kultury, Warszawa 1999.Grodecki R., Dzieje polityczne Śląska do r. 1290, [w:] Historia Śląska od najdawniejszych czasów do roku 1400, t. I, Kraków 1933.Grodecki R., Działalność gospodarcza Kazimierza Wielkiego, [w:] idem, Polska piastowska, Warszawa 1969.Gzella J., Sprawa restytucji dóbr w Wielkopolsce i na Kujawach w 1381 roku, „Zapiski Historyczne” 1983, t. XLIX, z. 4.Historia Śląska, red. K. Maleczyński, t. I do roku 1763, cz. I do połowy XIV w., Wrocław 1960.Jurek T., Rotacja elity dworskiej na Śląsku w XII–XIV w., [w:] „Genealogia – władza i społeczeństwo w Polsce średniowiecznej”, red. A. Radzimiński i J.Wroniszewski, Toruń 1999.Kaczmarczyk Z., Monarchia Kazimierza Wielkiego. Organizacja Kościoła, sztuka i nauka, Poznań 1946.Kiryk F., Miasto średniowieczne, [w:] Dzieje Sławkowa, red. F. Kiryk, Kraków 2001.Kosztowny K., O przyczynach tzw. restytucji za panowania Ludwika Węgierskiego, „Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne” 2014, t. LXVI, z. 1.Lalik T., Stare Miasto w Łęczycy. Przemiany w okresie poprzedzającym lokację – schyłek XII i początek XIII wieku, [w:] idem, Studia średniowieczne, wybrał i opatrzył posłowiem S. Trawkowski, Warszawa 2006.Luciński J., Majątki ziemskie panującego w Małopolsce do 1385 roku, „Prace Komisji Historycznej PTPN” 1967, t. XIX, z. 2.Matuszewski J., Najstarsze polskie zdanie prozaiczne. Zdanie henrykowskie i jego tło historyczne, Wrocław–Warszawa–Kraków–Gdańsk–Łódź 1981.Mitkowski J., Kancelaria Kazimierza Konradowica księcia kujawsko-łęczyckiego (1233–1267), Wrocław–Warszawa–Kraków 1968.Niwiński M., Biskup krakowski Jan Grotowic i zatargi jego z Włodzisławem Łokietkiem i z Kazimierzem Wielkim. Ustęp z dziejów stosunku Kościoła do Państwa w Polsce w w. XIV, „Nova Polonia Sacra” 1939, t. 3.Niwiński M., Biskup krakowski Bodzanta i Kazimierz Wielki, Lwów 1936, odb. z „Collectanea Theologica”, t. XVII, z. 2.Pietras T. „Krwawy wilk z pastorałem” biskup krakowski Jan zwany Muskatą, Warszawa 2001.Potkański K., Sprawa restytucji 1374 i 1381, [w:] idem, Lechici, Polanie, Polska. Wybór pism, Warszawa 1965.Potkański K., Jeszcze sprawa restytucji, [w:] idem, Lechici, Polanie, Polska. Wybór pism, Warszawa 1965.Silnicki T., Dzieje i ustrój Kościoła katolickiego na Śląsku do końca w. XIV, Warszawa 1953.Semkowicz W, [rec.] K. Potkański, Sprawa restytucji, „Kwartalnik Historyczny” 1900, R. 15.Semkowicz W, [rec.] K. Potkański, Jeszcze sprawa restytucji, „Kwartalnik Historyczny” 1902, R. 16.Śliwiński B., Kasztelania goręczyńska biskupstwa włocławskiego na Pomorzu Gdańskim w latach 1241–1282, [w:] Aetas media aetas moderna. Studia ofiarowane profesorowi Henrykowi Samsonowiczowi w siedemdziesiątą rocznicę urodzin, Warszawa 2000.Śliwiński B., Kasztelania Goręczyńska, Pelplin 2001.Urzędnicy małopolscy XII–XV wieku. Spisy, red. A. Gąsiorowski, Wrocław–Warszawa–Kraków 1990.Uruszczak W., Udział Kościoła wrocławskiego w rozwoju prawa kanonicznego w Średniowieczu, „Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne” 2000, t. LII.Uruszczak W., Historia państwa i prawa polskiego, t. I (966–1795), Warszawa 2010.Waldo B., Urząd starosty sądowego w Małopolsce w XV i XVI wieku, Łódź 1985.Wyrozumski J., Dzieje Polski piastowskiej (VIII wiek –1370), Kraków 1999.Zielińska K., Zjednoczenie Pomorza Gdańskiego z Wielkopolską pod koniec XIII w. Umowa kępińska 1282 r., Toruń 1968.169-18514116918

Gravitino dark matter with constraints from Higgs boson mass and sneutrino decays

We investigate gravitino dark matter produced thermally at high temperatures and in decays of a long-lived sneutrino. We consider the Non-Universal Higgs Model and a generalized gauge mediation model, and in each case identify sneutrino LOSP regions of the parameter space consistent with the mass of the Higgs-like boson observed at the LHC. We apply relevant collider and cosmological bounds, including constraints from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and from warm dark matter on large scale structures. Generally, we find allowed values of the reheating temperature TR below 10^9 GeV, i.e. somewhat smaller than the values needed for thermal leptogenesis, even with a conservative lower bound of 122 GeV on the Higgs mass. Requiring mass values closer to 126 GeV implies TR below 10^7 GeV and the gravitino mass less than 10 GeV.Comment: 19 pages, 19 figures, version published in JHE

Hypoxia - an explanation of prostate cancer progression mechanisms

Prostate cancer (PC) is a common malignancy in males in most industrialized countries, where it is the most commonly diagnosed cancer affecting men after middle age (>50 years). Although the screening and surgical procedures for prostate cancer have improved, successful treatment is still a major challenge. In the tumor microenvironment, hypoxia is one of the crucial factors which promote an aggressive phenotype of tumor cells and decrease the effectiveness of standard treatment. It implies that tumor cells surviving hypoxic stress are likely to be a significant source of viable clonogens that can repopulate tumors with more malignant/metastatic cells. Unfortunately, most treatment protocols are less effective against hypoxic cells which are resistant not only to radiotherapy, but also to standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. There is now a considerable amount of clinical evidence that tumors with a higher proportion of hypoxic cells have a poor diagnosis. Tolerance of hypoxic conditions varies in different tumor types. However, prostate cancer cells seem to be highly tolerant of hypoxia. The main problem concerning the effectiveness of prostate tumor therapies are changes in the biology of hypoxic tumor cells after standard hormone- and radiotherapy. Despite the many studies of tumor hypoxia, very little attention has been given to the oxygen concentration in the conditions of in vitro cancer cells studies. To date, there has been no comprehensive characterization of prostate cancer cells under hypoxic condition, which seems to be crucial in the light of the intensive search for novel cancer therapies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.256755

Hypoxia - an explanation of prostate cancer progression mechanisms

Prostate cancer (PC) is a common malignancy in males in most industrialized countries, where it is the most commonly diagnosed cancer affecting men after middle age (>50 years). Although the screening and surgical procedures for prostate cancer have improved, successful treatment is still a major challenge. In the tumor microenvironment, hypoxia is one of the crucial factors which promote an aggressive phenotype of tumor cells and decrease the effectiveness of standard treatment. It implies that tumor cells surviving hypoxic stress are likely to be a significant source of viable clonogens that can repopulate tumors with more malignant/metastatic cells. Unfortunately, most treatment protocols are less effective against hypoxic cells which are resistant not only to radiotherapy, but also to standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. There is now a considerable amount of clinical evidence that tumors with a higher proportion of hypoxic cells have a poor diagnosis. Tolerance of hypoxic conditions varies in different tumor types. However, prostate cancer cells seem to be highly tolerant of hypoxia. The main problem concerning the effectiveness of prostate tumor therapies are changes in the biology of hypoxic tumor cells after standard hormone- and radiotherapy. Despite the many studies of tumor hypoxia, very little attention has been given to the oxygen concentration in the conditions of in vitro cancer cells studies. To date, there has been no comprehensive characterization of prostate cancer cells under hypoxic condition, which seems to be crucial in the light of the intensive search for novel cancer therapies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.256755